• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.153-156
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• 2002

Synchronous primary lung cancers in the same lobe are rare. Cavitating adenocarcinoma as single lung lesion is unusual. We experienced cavitating adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the same lobe of the lung. The patient was a 74-year-old male with chief complaints of hemoptysis. CT scan showd a central mass in right upper lobar bronchus, obstructive pneumonia, and lung abscess in the right upper lobe. Pathologically, the central mass was a 2.3$\times$1$\times$1 cm sized squamous cell carcinoma, and lung abscess was revealed as a 37272 cm sized adenocarcinoma. The patient was discharged without any specific problem after right peumonectomy.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.197-204
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• 1998

Human papillomavirus(HPV) is epitheliotrophic virus invading the anogenital tract and the upper aerodigestive tract HRV produces a diversity of benign and maljgnant tumors. In this study, the author determined the frequency of association of human papillomavirus(HPV) and laryngeal carcinomas and investigated the significance of HRV infection of different subtypes in the tumorigenesis of laryngeal carcinoma. Laryngeal squamous cell cancinomas from 34 patients who did not have preexisting papillomas by clinical history were retrieved from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks and analyzed for HPV. Nineteen cases were tumors of the true vocal folds, 11 were supraglottic and 4 were transglottic. HPV detection was dane using polymerase chain reaction amplification with HPV L$_1$consensus primer. HPV type was determined by the same method using HPV-6, 11 and 16,-18 type-specific E6 primers. The results were as follows : 1) HPV DNA was detected in 7 cases among the 34 patients(20.6%). According to the type of HPV DNA HPV-11 was detected in 3 cases, HPV-16 was detected in 2 cases and HPV-6 and HPV-18 were detected in 1 case, respectively. 2) These 7 HPV-positive patients were advanced cancinoma cases. From these results, we concluded that HPV was thought to be the etiological factor of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.952-960
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• 2003

It has been reported that p53 regulates the G2-M checkpoint transition through cyclin Bl, and it has been suggested that p53 plays an important role in the development and progression of various malignancies. The aim of this study is to clarify the role of the cell cycle regulators, cyclin B1 and p53 in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Material and Method: Tissue samples from 46 patients with ESCC were included in this study. Expression levels of cyclin Bl and p53 in samples of normal squamous epithelium, dysplasia, and tumor cells from patients with ESCC were analyzed by immunohistochemical study Result: Several cells in the basement layer of normal epithelium expressed cyclin B1. The number of cyclin B1 positive cells tended to increase as the degree of dysplasia increased from low grade to high grade. More than 10% of tumor cells were cyclin B1 positive in 19 patients (41.3%). Several clinicopathologic parameters, including tumor stage (p<0.05), pathologic Iymph node status (p<0.05) and invasion of Iymphatic vessels (p<0.05), were correlated with the overexpression of cyclin B1. Elevated expression levels of cyclin B1 also correlated with a poor prognosis in patient with ESCC in univariate analysis (p<0.05) and multivariate analysis (p<0.05), In contrast, p53 expression exhibited significant correlation with the level of cyclin B1 expression, but was not associated with prognostic parameters in patients with ESCC. Conclusion: These findings suggest that cyclin B1 is involved in the pathogenesis of carcinoma of the esophagus and that elevated levels of cyclin B1 expression, but not p53 expression, may indicate a poor prognosis for patients with ESCC.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.1 s.81
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• pp.76-81
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• 2007

Inhibitory effects of methanol extracts and several solvent fractions from meju on mutagenicity in vitro genotoxicity (SOS chromotest) and growth of human cancer cells (AGS gastric adenocarcinoma and Hep 3B hepatocellular cancinoma cells) were studied. The treatment of meju methanol extracts $(100{\mu}g/assay)$ to SOS chromotest system inhibited N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced mutagenicity by 36%. However, the ethylacetate and dichloromethane fractions from meju methanol extracts showed the stronger antimutagenic effects (91% and 91%, respectively) in SOS chromotest. In sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, the treatments of ethylacetate and dichloromethane fractions (2 mg/assay) significantly inhibited the growth of AGS and Hep 3B cancer cells by 64% and 71%, respectively. These results indicated that meju had inhibitor)r effects on MNNG in SOS mutagenic system and growth of human cancer cells, suggesting that its antimutagenic effect may be relative to activity of doenjang.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1368-1373
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• 2007

Inhibitory effects of several solvent fractions from soybean on mutagenicity using Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 in Ames test and growth of human cancer cells (AGS gastric adenocarcinoma, Hep 3B hepatocellular cancinoma and HT-29 colon cancer cells) were studied. The treatment of dichloromethane and ethylacetate fractions (2.5 mg/assay) extracted from soybean to Ames test system inhibited aflatoxin $B_1\;(AFB_1)$ induced mutagenicity by 83%, respectively, and showed a higher antimutagenic effect than other solvent fractions. In case of N-methyl-N#-nitro-N-nitrosoguamidine (MNNG) induced mutagenicity, the ethylacetate fraction showed the highest inhibitory effect (by 67%) among solvent extracts, although the inhibitory effect was not stronger compared with $AFB_1$ induced mutagenicity. In sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, the treatment of ethylacetate fraction (2 mg/assay) significantly inhibited the growth of AGS, Hep 3B and HT-29 cancer cells by 66%, 73% and 77%, respectively, followed with the intermediate and dichloromethane fractions. These results indicated that soybean fraction extracted with ethylacetate had higher inhibitory effects on $AFB_1$ and MNNG in Ames test and growth inhibition activity to human cancer cells was appeared, suggesting that soybean fraction extracted with ethylacetate may contain the biologically active compounds.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.349-355
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• 2004

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with invasion of mediastinal structures is classified as stage IIIB, and has been considered surgically unresectable However, in a selected group of these patients, better results after surgical resection compared to non-surgical group have been reported. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of surgical resection in treatment of mediastinal T4 NSCLC. Material and Method: Among 1067 patients who underwent surgical intervention for non-small cell lung cancer from Aug 1987 to Dec 2001 in Korea cancer center hospital, 82 patients had an invasion of T4 mediastinal structures (7.7%). Resection was possible in 63patients (63/82 resectability 76.8%). Their medical records in Data Base were reviewed, and they were followed up completely until Jun 2002. Surgical results and prognostic factors of NSCLC invading mediastinal structures were evaluated retrospectively. Result Lung cancer was resected completely in 52 patients (63.4%, 52/82). Lung resection was lobectomy (or more) in 14, pneumonectomy in 49. The mediastinal structures invaded by primary tumor were great vessel (61.9%), heart (19%), vagus nerve (9.5%), esophagus (7.9%), and vertebral body (7.9%). Nodal status was N0 in 11, N1 in 24, and N2 in 28 (44.4%). Neoadjuvant therapy was done in 6 (9.5%, 5 chemotherapy, 1 radiotherapy), and adjuvant therapy was added in 44 (69.8%, 15 chemotherapy, 29 radiotherapy) in resection group (n=63). Complication was occurred in 23 (31.7%), and operative mortality was 9.5% in resection group. Median and 5 year overall survival including operative mortality was 18.1 months and 21.7% in resection group (n=63), 6.2months and 0% in exploration only group (n=19, p=.001), 39 months and 32.9% in N2 (-) resection group (n=35), and 8.8 months and 8.6% in N2 (+) resection group (n=28, p=.007). The difference of overall survival by mediastinal structure was not significant. Conclusion: The operative risk of NSCLC invading mediastinal structures was high but acceptable, and long-term result of resection was favorable in selected group. Aggressive resection is recommended in well selected pateints with good performace and especially N2 (-) NSCLC with mediastinal invasion.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.369-376
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• 1993

226 patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with curative radiation therapy at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Dongsan hospital, Keimyung university, School of medicine, from July,1988 to May,1991 were evaluated. The patients with all stages of the disease were included in this study. The maximum and mean follow up durations were 60 and 43 months. The radiation therapy consisted of external irradiation to the whole pelvis (2700~4500 cGy) and boost parametrial doses (for a total of 4500~6300 cGy)with midline shild $(4{\times}10\;cm),$ and combined with intracavitary irradiation (5700~7500 cGy to point A). The distribution of patients according to the stage was as follows: stage IB 37 $(16.4\%),$ stage IIA 91 $(40.3\%),$ stage IIB 58 $(25.7\%),$ stage III 32 $(13.8\%),$ stage IV 8 $(3.5\%).$ The overall failure rate was $23.9\%$ (54 patients). The failure rate increased as a function of stage from $13.5\%$ in stage IB to $15.4\%$ in stage IIA, $25.9\%$ in stage IIB, $46.9\%$ in stage III, and $62.5\%$ in stage UV. The pelvic failure alone were 32 patients and 11 patients were as a components of other failure, and remaining 11 patients had distant metastasis only. Among the 43 patients of locoregional failure,28 patients were not controlled initially and in other words nearly half of total failures were due to residual tumor. The mean medial paracervical (point A) doses were 6700 cGy in stage IIB,7200 cGy in stage IIA,7450 cGy in stage IIB,7600 cGy in stage III and 8100 cGy in stage IV. The medial paracervical doses showed some correlation with tumor control rate in early stage of disease (stage Ib, IIA), but there were higher central failure rate in advanced stage in spite of higher paracervical doses. In advanced stage, failure were not reduced by simple increment of paracervical doses. To improve a locoregional control rate in advanced stages, it is necessary to give additional treatment such as concomitant chemoradiation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.846-851
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• 2003

Background: To clarify the clinical significance of the aortic nodes in resected non-small cell lung cancer of the left upper lobe. Material and Method: One hundred fifty six patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer of the left upper lobe were studied. Patients who received preoperative induction therapy, non-curative operation or defined as operative mortality were excluded from this study. Result: In N2 left upper lobe tumors, aortic nodes comprised 52.7% of the metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes. In single station N2 disease, a frequently metastasized station was aortic node (64.3%). 5-year actuarial survival according to the N status was 65.0% in N0, 30.4% in N1, and 17.9% in N2. There was no statistically significant difference in survival between N1 and N2 diseases (p=0.06). The patients with metastasis to aortic node alone had a comparatively good prognosis (5-year survival: 35.6%) than other N2 diseases (5-year survival: 4.6%) (p=0.01) and had a similar survival outcome as N1 diseases (p=0.97). Considering the aortic node as N1 node, 5-year survival according to the N status was 65.0% in N0, 31.2% in N1, 4.6% in N2 and significant survival difference was observed between N1 and N2 disease (p=0.00). In multivariate analysis, the male sex (hazard ratio 6.892, p=0.011) and the involvement to the aortic node alone (hazards ratio 2.799, p=0.009) were the significant factors affecting postoperative survival. Conclusion: According to the our data, involvement to the aortic node alone in left upper lobe tumors should be grouped with N1 disease because this combined category reflects the surgical outcome more accurately.