• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.75-85
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of physical planning elements in the pedestrian malls when cultural events for young ages proved; the planning strategies for the regeneration of the block of Kyungchun-railroad track, which is removing planned in campus surroundings. Local Government' initiation makes possible to make improvement and give administrative and financial support which is sensitive to the existing conditions of railroad for the better living environment. Thus, this research suggests how the block of Kyungchun-railroad track, which is removing planned, as a newly organized pedestrian mall design system can cope with collaborating a board and community, which has in campus surroundings related. This study consists of following four parts; 1. six-case pedestrian mall in campus surroundings in Seoul were analyzed in terms of physical and cultural factors for young ages between university and community. 2. we focused on the analysis of correlation between the physical planning factors and the spatial requirements for cultural event when the pedestrian mall in campus surroundings is designed. The paper's significance lies in that it shows a new direction in urban renewal planning and design which has been made into a pedestrian mall plan through in support of the application to the pilot project compared with previous physical environment.

• Architectural research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2007

This study explores the issue of campus expansion of an urban university using an in-depth case study of New York University in New York City, USA. It investigates the physical pattern and development mechanism of the campus expansion process on a city grid structure. The three elements that characterize NYU's recent campus expansion, are (1) the university's commitment to building a student community around a public open space on a subway network, (2) four types of property acquisition and building development practiced by the university with private developers for space leasing, building renovation and development under changing local development circumstances, and (3) the city's initiative for attracting the private sector whose development activities influence the university's development dynamics. These findings suggest that the expansion planning of an urban university, due to its location in a city, should be placed on a local planning agenda, which can positively contribute to public goals through the collaborative engagement of the private and public sectors.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.451-462
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• 2003

In this paper, a new block iterative algorithm is presented by using the special feature of the continuous Riccati equation in the optimal shape control. Because the real-time control require that the CPU time should be as short as possible, an appropriate modal control algorithm is sought. The computing cost is less than the one of the all state feedback control. A numerical example is given to illustrate the algorithm.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.605-619
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• 2009

This paper presents the details of finite element (FE) modeling and analysis of an external prestressing technique to strengthen a prestressed concrete (PSC) end block. Various methods of external prestressing techniques have been discussed. In the proposed technique, transfer of external force is in shear mode on the end block creating a complex stress distribution. The proposed technique is useful when the ends of the PSC girders are not accessible. Finite element modeling issues have been outlined. Brief description about material nonlinearity including key aspects in modeling inelastic behaviour has been provided. Finite element (FE) modeling including material, loading has been explained in depth. FE analysis for linear and nonlinear static analysis has been conducted for varying external loadings. Various responses such as out-of-plane deformation and slip have been computed and compared with the corresponding experimental observations. From the study, it has been observed that the computed slope and slip of the steel bracket under external loading is in good agreement with the corresponding experimental observations.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2012

This paper presents the details of studies conducted on hollow concrete block masonry (HCBM) units and wall panels. This study includes, compressive strength of unit block, ungrouted and grouted HCB prisms, flexural strength evaluation, testing of HCBM panels with and without opening. Non-linear finite element (FE) analysis of HCBM panels with and without opening has been carried out by simulating the actual test conditions. Constant vertical load is applied on the top of the wall panel and then lateral load is applied in incremental manner. The in-plane deformation is recorded under each incremental lateral load. Displacement ductility factors and response reduction factors have been evaluated based on experimental results. From the study, it is observed that fully grouted and partially reinforced HCBM panel without opening performed well compared to other types of wall panels in lateral load resistance and displacement ductility. In all the wall panels, shear cracks originated at loading point and moved towards the compression toe of the wall. The force reduction factor of a wall panel with opening is much less when compared with fully reinforced wall panel with no opening. The displacement values obtained by non-linear FE analysis are found to be in good agreement with the corresponding experimental values. The influence of mortar joint has been included in the stress-strain behaviour as a monolith with HCBM and not considered separately. The derived response reduction factors will be useful for the design of reinforced HCBM wall panels subjected to lateral forces generated due to earthquakes.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.62-65
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• 2017

In this paper, three DC Block designs are presented which efficiently meet the need of modern-day compactsize wireless communication systems. As one of the important parts of a complete system design, the proposed microstrip-based DC block with coupled transmission lines efficiently attenuates unwanted frequencies that cause damage to the system. The compact-sized DC block structures are created by incorporating an extended coupled-line section with a radial stub, an enveloped coupled-line section, and using alternate up-down meandering techniques. The structures are analyzed for the L-Band using a high-resistive silicon substrate. At a resonating frequency of 1.575 GHz, the designed DC Block structures have a return loss better than -10 dB, an insertion loss of around -1 dB, and also possess wide pass-band characteristics.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.261-269
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• 2021

This study examines the effect of block diversity on the risk of firms listed on the Korean Stock Exchange between 2010 and 2017. To examine the effect of block diversity on corporate risk, we measure block diversity in terms of a single component, portfolio size, by referring to prior literature. This diversity component accounts for the differences in portfolio size across corporate blocks. In line with existing research on corporate risk, we consider several variables to measure corporate risk: volatility, beta, and idiosyncratic risk. The results show a negative relationship between the size of a block shareholder's portfolio and corporate risk. We also show no difference in the effect of block diversity on the corporate risk between KOSPI and KOSDAQ. This implies that the difference in portfolio size among corporate blocks reduces corporate risk. This may be due to the effect of inter-block monitoring activities in the Korean securities market, which benefits from block diversity. This empirical result supports previous studies that predicted that block diversity would have beneficial influences on firm monitoring in general. This study is significant in that it analyzes the relationship between block diversity and firm risk and provides relevant information to business practitioners and investors.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.41-57
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• 2009

This paper presents the details of a novel external prestressing technique for strengthening of concrete members. In the proposed technique, transfer of external force is in shear mode on the end block thus creating a complex stress distribution and the required transverse prestressing force is lesser compared to conventional techniques. Steel brackets are provided on either side of the end block for transferring external prestressing force and these are connected to the anchor blocks by expansion type anchor bolts. In order to validate the technique, an experimental investigation has been carried out on post-tensioned end blocks. Performance of the end blocks have been studied for design, cracking and ultimate loads. Slip and slope of steel bracket have been recorded at various stages during the experiment. Finite element analysis has been carried out by simulating the test conditions and the responses have been compared. From the analysis, it has been observed that the computed slope and slip of the steel bracket are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental observations. A simplified analytical model has been proposed to compute load-deformation of the loaded steel bracket with respect to the end block. Yield and ultimate loads have been arrived at based on force/moment equilibrium equations at critical sections. Deformation analysis has been carried out based on the assumption that the ratio of axial deformation to vertical deformation of anchor bolt would follow the same ratio at the corresponding forces such as yield and ultimate. It is observed that the computed forces, slip and slopes are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental observations.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.9-15
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• 2014

In this paper, We propose a block reallocation algorithm for reducing network traffic in Hadoop cluster. The scheduler of Hadoop cluster receives a job from users. And the job is divided into multiple tasks assigned to nodes. At this time, the scheduler allocates the task to the node that satisfied data locality. If a task is assigned to the node that does not have the data(block) to be processed, the task is processed after the data transmission from another node. There is difference of workload among nodes because blocks in cluster have different access frequency. Therefore, the proposed algorithm relocates blocks according to the task allocation pattern of Hadoop scheduler. Eventually, workload of nodes are leveled, and the case of the task processing in a node that does not have the block to be processing is reduced. Thus, the network traffic of the cluster is also reduced. We evaluate the proposed block reallocation algorithm by a simulation. The simulation result shows maximum 23.3% reduction of network consumption than default delay scheduling for jobs processing.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.11-19
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a real-time video transcoding scheme for N-Screen service based on cloud computing. This scheme creates an intro-block and several playback blocks by splitting the original video. And there is the first service request, after transmitting the intro-block, transmits the playback blocks that converting the blocks on real-time. In order to completing trans-coding within playback time of each block, we split and allocate the block to node according to performance of each node. Also, in order to provide real-time video playback service, the previous scheme convert original video into all format and resolution. However we show that the proposed scheme can reduce storage usage by converting original video into format with proper resolution suitable to device and platform of client. Through simulation, we show that it is more effective to real-time video playback for N-screen service than the previous method. We also show that the proposed scheme uses less storage usage than previous method.