• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2005

This study is to find out effects of hot water soluble extract from green tea, one of the Korean favorites, on the calcium metabolism and bone strength in body. To do so, calcium, phosphate, creatinine concentration and ALP activity in blood and the content of calcium and ash in the organ, the length, weight, strength in bone were measured. In addition, to find the calcium metabolism, the level of calcium intake, excretion, retention were measured. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups and isoloated soy protein was provided as the source of protein and CaCO₃ was provided as the source of calcium. 0.5% hot water soluble extract from green tea was provided to the green tea groups and for the control group deionized water was provided. The results are as follows ; 1. There is no difference between the experimental groups in diet intake, weight gain, and the feed intake. 2. Feed efficiency ratio was low in the group which hot water soluble extract from green tea was provided. 3. There is no difference between groups the level of calcium, phosphorus, creatinine and ALP activity in serum. 4. There is no difference between groups weight, contents of ash and calcium in kidney and liver. 5. There is no difference between groups in calcium intake, absorption, excretion, and retention. 6. There is no difference between groups weight, length and strength in bone. In summary, when hot water soluble extract from green tea was provided with the amount of 150-200mg, which is taken when people generally drink as favorite tea, weight gain was reduced due to the decrease of feed efficiency ratio. However, it did not affect the availability of calcium in body at all. Thus, even if a big quantity of green tea powder or solid of hot green tea extract is not provided, the quantity obtained when people drink green tea lowers the feed efficiency ratio without reducing availability of calcium in body.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.841-849
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• 2023

Corallina pilulifera (CP) is prevalent along the Korean coastline and belongs to the Corallinaceae family, exhibiting growth throughout all seasons. This study confirmed the role of calcium supplementation through CP, calcined CP (CCP), and a commercial calcium powder, highlighting variations in dosage within animal models induced by a calcium-deficient diet. Analysis of calcium absorption was conducted by assessing the serum and urine calcium levels during the feeding periods. Serum calcium content was significantly higher in the control group (CON, 9.79 mg/dL) than in the calcium-deficient model (CDM, 6.15 mg/dL). The calcium content of urine was significantly higher than that of CON (0.20 mg/dL) compared with CDM (0.08 mg/dL). Reticular bone thickness showed no significant differences between the CON and CDM groups. Additionally, micro-CT results demonstrated a reduction in the trabecular volume and a significant difference between the number of strands and the average interval of the reticular bone. In conclusion, CP serves as a promising source of calcium supplementation. Therefore, these findings emphasize that CP is of sufficient value as an industrial material related to calcium metabolism.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.855-858
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• 2005

The bioavailability of Ca is currently one of the most important topics in nutrition research and is correlated with gastrointestinal solubility. Thus, to increase the solubility of calcium, this study was undertaken to examine the effect of $\gamma$-PGA on intestinal Ca solubility. The calcium solubility increased when the amount of $\gamma$-PGA was increased, due to the inhibition of the formation of an insoluble Ca complex with phosphate. Therefore, when $\gamma$-PGA-500 (avg. MW 5,000 kDa) was added at 0.5 mg/ml, $75\%$ of the total Ca was soluble. The amount of soluble Ca uptake in the small intestine was investigated using Balb/c mice as an animal model system. The soluble Ca uptake in the mice orally administered with $\gamma$-PGA-500 (avg. MW 5,000 kDa) was significantly higher than that in the $\gamma$-PGA-l00 (avg. MW 1,000 kDa)-administered mice (P<0.05). Accordingly, these results strongly support the notion that the molecular size of $\gamma$-PGA is correlated with Ca solubility. The effects of other factors, such as casein phosphopeptide and vitamin D, on intestinal Ca absorption have also previously been investigated. Therefore, it is hoped that the present observations will help clarify the role of $\gamma$-PGA in Ca solubility and its industrial application as an additive.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.116-126
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 이산화탄소 고정화에 있어 이산화탄소 전환을 위해 MEA를 이용한 습식화학흡수법의 셔틀메카니즘을 도입하였다. 또한 알칼리 무기물질을 다량 함유한 산업부산물을 습식탄산화법을 이용해 처리하고자 하였다. 즉, 산업부산물의 화학적 처리를 통해 칼슘이온을 용출하였다. 산성물질을 이용한 용출상징수를 ICP로 분석한 결과, 칼슘이온이 최대 17,900 ppm(1.79%)을 확보하였다. 또한 MEA를 이용한 습식 흡수공정을 통해 상온, 상압조건의 이산화탄소 분위기에서 94%의 전환률을 얻었다. 슬러지의 액상탄산화를 통해 슬러지 mg 당 0.175 mg의 이산화탄소를 고정하였으며, 최종생성물의 XRD 분석결과 일반적인 탄산칼슘의 결정구조인 calcite 형상을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.248-258
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• 1999

This study examined the effect of excess loading of calcium (Ca)and iron(Fe) on the bioavailability of minerals in both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats. Three-week-old male rats were divided into four groups and fed experimental diets for six weeks, containing either normal (0.5%) or high(1.5%) Ca and normal (35ppm) or high (350ppm)Fe. Likewise, three-week-old male rats were first fed a Ca-and Fe-deficient diet for three weeks, and then fed one of four experimental diets for additional three weeks. In both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats, ca contents of serum, liver, kidney and femur were not significantly affected by dietary Ca and Fe levels. Apparent Ca absorption(%) decreased in rats fed a high Ca diet regardless of dietary Fe levels. Magnesium(Mg) contents of serum, liver and femur significantly decreased in rats fed a high Ca diet. Fe contents of serum and liver significantly increased in rats fed a high-Fe diet, but decreased in rats fed a high Ca diet. Fe content of serum and liver significantly increased in rate fed a high-Fe diet, decreased in rats fed a high-Ca diet. Apparent Fe absorption increased in rats fed a high-Fe diet, and decreased in rats fed a high-Ca diet in Ca-and Fe-deficient rats, but dietary Ca did not seem to affect Fe absorption in normal rats. Phosphorus(P) contents of serum and femur were not significantly affected by dietary Ca and Fe levels in both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats. Serum copper(Cu) decreased in rats fed a high-Fe diet, while serum zinc(Zn) decreased in rats fed a high-Ca diet in normal rats. Cu contents of liver, and Zn contents of serum and liver decreased in rats fed a high-Fe diet in Ca-and Fe-deficient rats. There results suggest that a dietary overload of Ca and Fe in both normal and Ca-and Fe-deficient rats may decrease mineral bioavailability leading to potential health problems.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2005

New types of patties were prepared with surimi and crab paste, and then characterized. With an increase of additional ratios of crab paste, the moisture (64.8 to $61.5\%$) of the patties slightly decreased while the ash contents (2.3 to $3.7\%$) increased. The Hunter's color values of the patties decreased in lightness (L value, 58.79 to 54.27) but increased in redness (a value, -2.77 to 3.54). Thus, the patties that had added crab paste appeared slightly more reddish. According to the increasing of additional ratios of crab paste, sensory scores on color and flavor increased whereas the texture score decreased. From the above results, based on physical properties and sensory evaluation, the desirable additional ratio of crab paste for preparing patty was $15\%$. The calcium and phosphorus contents of the patties with the addition of $15\%$ crab paste were 148.8 mg/100 g and 139.6 mg/100 g, respectively, and their ratio (approximately 1:1) was the optimal range in body absorption efficiency. The calcium absorption rate with the $15\%$ additions was 4.9 times higher than that of the patty with no additions. Total amino acid content (16,302 mg/100 g) of the $15\%$ additions showed no difference to the patty without additions, and the major amino acids were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine and lysine. Exceptionally, the cysteine content of the patty with the $15\%$ crab paste additions was 2 times higher than that found in the patty without crab paste. The major fatty acids were 16:0, 18:1n-9 and 18:2n-6 of the total lipids, and there was no difference between the patties with and without crab paste. The above results showed that crab paste can be used as a crab surimi gel source.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1986

By simple substitution of divalent cobalt nickel copper ion in the calcium-fluorapatite the ability to produce color was explored. To determine the solubility limit of cobalt nickel copper in the calcium-fluorapatite and the absorption spectrum with the addition of each transition elements XRD and visible range Spectroscopy were emp-loyed.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.529-531
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• 1975

This observation was carried out to investigate the phosphatase activity and the calcium contents of periapical granuloma in patients of both sex and different age. The results were as follows : 1. Acid phosphatase activity was considerably increased with bone absorption. 2. Alkaline phosphatase activity was also remarkably increased in periapical granuloma. 3. In case of periapical granuloma, differences of phosphatase activity by age and sex were not observed. 4. Calcium contents in periapical granuloma was of very small quantity, showing remarkable decrease when compared with the normal bone tissue.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.894-899
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• 2001

건강한 16세 여고생 8명에게 한국인 권장량 수준인 800mg의 칼슘을 함유한 정상칼슘식사를 1주간 섭취시키고, 그 다음 주에 1200mg Ca을 함유한 고칼슘식사를 제공하였다. 이대 정상칼슘식사에서는 6.57mg의 아연과 910$\mu\textrm{g}$의 구리를 평균적으로 함유하였다. 해당 식사를 제공하고 4일째부터 3일간 뇨와 대변을 매일 수집하였으며 음식과 뇨, 변 중 구리와 아연 함량을 정량분석하여 외견적 흡수율 및 체내 보유량을 계산하였다. 구리 및 아연의 평형대사 실험을 한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 아연의 대사평형을 보면, 고칼슘식사 섭취시의 뇨와 대변 중 아연 배설량은 정상칼슘식사시에 비해 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 그리고 아연의 체내 보유량은 고칼슘식사 섭취시 유의적으로 감소하였다.(p<0.05). 구리의 대사평형을 보면, 고칼슘식사 섭취시 대변을 통한 구리 배설량은 19.2$\mu\textrm{g}$으로 정상칼슘식사시의 11.4$\mu\textrm{g}$에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 따라서 외견적 흡수율은 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 소변을 통한 구리의 배설은 거의 나타나지 않았다. 또한 구리의 체내 보유량은 고칼슘식사시에 792$\mu\textrm{g}$으로 정상칼슘식사시의 899$\mu\textrm{g}$에 비해 유의적으로 감소하였다 (p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해볼때 1200mg의 칼슘식사를 섭취하면 청소년기 여성에게서 구리와 아연의 외견적 흡수율이 감소하고, 대변을 통한 배설이 증가하며, 체내보유량은 유의적으로 감소하는 등 대사에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 칼슈의 다량 섭취는 미량원소의 대사에 크게 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 필요한 미량원소의 경우 장에서 흡수시에 무기질간의 경쟁을 고려하여 적절한 양을 섭취하도록 권장량 설정에서 고려해야 할 것이다., P<0.05, p<0.05) 고알코올군에서 하루에 한번 이상 섭취한다는 비율이 비알코올군이나 알코올군보다 높았다. 그밖에 쌀밥, 보리, 두부, 당근 등 12가지 식품이나 식품군의 섭취빈도는 세군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 영양소 섭취상태에서 열량 섭취량은 세 군간에 유의한 차이를 보여 알코올 군과 고알코올군이 비알코올보다 낮았으며(p<0.05), 그밖에 단백질, 칼슘, 철, 비타민 A, 비타민 $B_{1}$, 비타민 $B_{2}$, 나이아신 비타민 C 섭취량은 세 군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 본 연구에서는 알코올을 과량 섭취하는 대학생들에거 나타난 식사 문제점들은 흡연비율, 습관적인 결식 비율, 라면의 섭취 비율이 높은 것이었다. 이들은 자취를 하거나 식사관리를 스스로 하는 비율이 높아 적절한 알코올 섭취교육과 함께 식사 관리지도가 동시에 이루어져야 할 것으로 보여진다.종업원을 대상으로 이러한 측면에 대한 정기적인 위생 교육이 실시되어야 하겠다.geographer Yi-fu Tuan coined the word "topophilia" to indicate love of a place. No other word could better describe the desired urban resort nature of the stadium. From this historical perspective it seems that stadiums have great potential as urban resorts. The factor that will determine their success is the attitude of citizens toward them, in short whether they develop topophilia for them or not. We examined the urban resort nature of Kobe Wing Stadium. Regarding

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.853-859
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• 2006

본 연구는 난각 칼슘염의 종류와 난막의 존재유무가 칼슘대사에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 난각에서 탄산칼슘을 용해시켜 난각 칼슘유무에 따른 칼슘급원으로서의 생기적 유용성을 확인하여 경제적이고 효과적인 칼슘보충제를 개발하고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 실험동물은 4주령의 Sprague-Dawley종 수컷 흰쥐를 사용하였으며 실험식이는 난각분을 유기산에 용해시켜 제조한 난각 칼슘염(초산염, 글루쿠론산염)과 난각분을 각각 난막 분리와 난막 미분리로 나누어 급여하였다. 1군은 난막 미분리 난각분{ES(M+)}을, 2군에게는 난막 분리 난각분{ES(M+)}을, 3군에게는 난막 미분리 초산염{AC(M+)}을, 4군에게는 난막 분리 초산염{AC(M-)}을, 5군에게는 난막 미분리 글루쿠론산염{GC(M+)}을, 6군에게는 난막 분리 글루쿠론산염{GC(M-)}을 칼슘농도 0.2%로 조정하여 4주간 급여하여 사육하였다. 칼슘염 중 초산염이 글루쿠론산염보다 대퇴골의 무게를 향상시켰으며 난막존재시 대퇴골 무게가 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 난각 칼슘염의 종류와 난막유무에 따른 interaction은 없었다. 대퇴골의 체중 100 g당 Ca함량은 난막 미분리군에서는 난각 칼슘염의 종류에 따른 유의적인 차이를 보였으며, 체중 100 g당 대퇴골의 Ca함량은 난막 미분리군에서는 글루쿠론산염군에서 가장 높은 수준이었으며, 난막 분리군에서는 초산염군으로 나타났다. 난막 분리군에서는 난각 칼슘염간의 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 칼슘염이 난각 분말 형태에 비해 높은 경향을 보였다. Ca 흡수율과 보유량은 난막 미분리군에서는 GC(M+)>AC(M+)>ES(M+)의 순서였으며 난막 분리군에서는 AC(M-)ES(M-)의 순으로 난막분말 형태보다는 난각 칼슘염의 형태에서 높은 수준을 보여 난각 칼슘염의 형태가 Ca 흡수율과 보유량을 상승시키는 것으로 나타났다. ALP의 활성은 난막유무에 관계없이 각군 간에는 유의적인 차이는 없었느나 글루쿠론산염의 형태가 가장 높은 활성을 보인 반면 초산염의 형태가 가장 낮은 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과들을 미루어 볼 때 난각분으로 공급하기보다는 난각 칼슘염 형태로 공급하는 것이 칼슘대사에 유리하게 작용하는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 난각의 $CaCO_3$를 이온화하여 칼슘급원으로 공급하거나 다양한 식품에 첨가하여 기능성을 부가한 건강증진 제품으로 개발하는 것은 한국인의 칼슘섭취수준을 향상시키고 칼슘부족으로 인한 질병예방 및 개선에 도움이 될 뿐만 아니라 폐자원으로부터 고부가가치제품을 개발함으로써 농가 소득 및 국가경제 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.