• 한국작물학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.204-213
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• 1986

벼 침수토중 직파재배의 기술확립을 위하여 1985년 작물시험장에서 벼 종자에 과산화칼슘(CaO$_2$) 분의처리 효과와 온도 및 파종 심도에 따른 품종별 출아 및 초기생육을 검토한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 과산화칼슘 종자 분의는 무처리에 비하여 출아 및 입모가 현저히 좋았으며 초기 생육도 좋았다. 2. 벼 종자의 과산화칼슘 분의 효과는 고온(29/21$^{\circ}C$)보다는 저온(12/12$^{\circ}C$, 17/17$^{\circ}C$) 조건에서 컸다. 3. 파종심도에 따른 출아율은 토중 1 cm 깊이에서 가장 좋았다. 4. 침수토중 직파조건하에서 출아율이 높은 품종은 일반계는 천마벼, 남양벼, 기호벼, 추정벼, 낙동벼, 동진벼 이고 다수계 품종은 태백벼, 삼강벼, 가야벼 등이었다. 5. 침수토중 직파시에는 저온하에서 출률이 높은 품종의 선정 및 출아구을 높히기 위한 검토가 앞으로 중요한 과제가 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 1983

산간부인 진안(해발 303m)에서 질소시비량과 규산조절량의 차이가 지엽 및 인각의 무기성분조성과 임실에 미치는 영향을 구명하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 냉해지에서 건물생산을 높이기 위해서는 질소 15kg이상 수준은 불리하며 규산의 증시가 요망된다. 2. 질소의 과용은 지엽에 가용태질소농도를 높여 가리와 규산의 흡수를 조해하며 규산시용으로 도체의 내냉성을 강화시켜 수량을 증수시킬 수 있었다. 3. 질소시비량에 따른 임, 불임인각중에 함유된 성분중 전질소와 인산은 질소증시에 의하여 증가되며 가리, 칼슘은 질소 10-15kg을 정점으로 함유율이 높고 고토는 질소 소비구에서 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 그러나 규산은 어느 질소시비중에서도 증가하며 임, 불임인각중의 함유율은 임실인각이 6%나 높은 농도를 나타냈다. 4. 규산조절량에 따른 인각중 무기성분함유율은 규산을 증시할수록 전질소함유율은 낮아지고 인산, 가리, 칼슘, 규산은 증가되었다. 특히 불임인각의 함유율도 규산을 증시할수록 증가하며 규산 무시용구에서도 인각의 규산함유율이 높아 규산이 인각의 형태형성과 생리생태에 어떤 기작을 가지고 있을 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.38-47
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• 1988

토양 및 양액의 산도와 질소시용이 대두의 근류착생과 식물체중의 allantoin태질소 및 전질소함량과 주요무기성분함량에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 산도에 따른 질소반응을 밝히기 위하여 장백콩과 두엽콩을 시험하여 산도를 산성(pH 5)과 중성(pH 7) 조건으로 하고 질소시용량을 4수준으로 하여 양액재배 및 포장시험을 실시하였는데 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 근류의 착생은 산성조건에서 적었고 질소증시에 의하여 감소하는 경향이었는데 무질소구는 표준질소구보다 떨어졌으며 특히 근류의 건물중은 중성조건에서 질소증시에 의하여 현저히 감소하였다. 2. 식물체중의 allantoin 태 질소함량은 엽보다 줄기중에 현저히 많았는데 산성조건과 질소증시에 의하여 감소하였고 특히 중성조건에서 질소증시에 의한 allantoin 태 질소함량의 감소가 현저하였으며 이와같은 경향은 단엽콩에서 더욱 현저하게 나타났다. 3. 근류의 착생정도는 식물체중의 allantoin 태 질소함량과 유의적인 상관관계를 나타내었다. 4. 식물체중의 전질소함량은 pH가 낮은 산성조건에서 감소하였고 질소증시에 의하여 증가하였는데 그 정도는 산성조건에서 현저하였고 특히 장백콩에서 잘 나타났다. 5. 식물체중의 K, Ca, MG, Mn 등의 함량도 산성조건에서 감소하였고 칼리함량은 질소시용량의 증가에 의하여 감소하는 경향이었다. 6. 상성조건에 의한 근류의 착생, 식물체중의 allantoin 태질소 및 전질소함량 등의 감소정도는 단엽콩에 비하여 장백콩에서 적게 나타나 내산성 품종의 특성을 나타내었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.963-971
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• 2022

Production of high-quality horses is important to make the horse industry grow. Grazing during the growing period can be an important factor affecting the production of high-quality horses. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of grazing on growing horses by analyzing their blood components and intestinal microbiota. Twelve growing horses for evaluating blood components and ten growing horses for evaluating intestinal microbiota were raised for about seven months and separated by two treatments: grazing vs. stable. Complete blood count, blood chemistry, and creatine kinase levels were analyzed as blood components and a 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis was performed to analyze intestinal microbiota. Calcium ions tended to be lower in the group with grazing treatment. Alkaline phosphatase and creatine kinase tended to be higher in the group with grazing treatment. These results indicate that grazing can provide horses with more exercise than staying in stables. At the phylum level, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios in grazing and stable groups were 4.2 and 6.5, respectively. Because various studies have reported that a. high Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio indicates obesity, the method of raising horses might affect their physical ability. At the species level, rates of Clostridium butyricum in grazing and stable groups were 3.2% and 13.1%, respectively. Some strains of C. butyricum can cause several diseases such as botulism. These results indicate that grazing can positively affect growing horses in terms of blood components and intestinal microbiota. Moreover, grazing can be helpful to make growing horses healthy through proper exercise.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.48-60
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the sex-associated differences in the dietary intake of gastric cancer patients in Korea. Methods: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) the 7^th (2016-2018) were analyzed in the present study. The subjects included 122 gastric cancer patients aged over 40 years (75 male, 47 female). General characteristics (age, marital status, household income, education, food security, comorbidities, alcohol drinking, and smoking), anthropometric characteristics (height, weight, body mass index, and blood pressure), blood biochemical characteristics [fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol)], and quantity and quality of dietary intake were compared between male and female participants. Results: Males had higher rates of having a spouse, prevalence of hypertension, alcohol drinking, and smoking than females. The proportion of males with a normal range of FPG, BUN, and HDL-cholesterol was lower than that in females. The total cholesterol levels above the normal range were higher in females than in males. We also found that females had a higher percentage of intakes below the estimated energy requirement (EER) and intakes below the estimated average requirement (EAR) for carbohydrates, niacin, phosphorus, and iron than males. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) for phosphorus and folate, nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) for vitamin C, thiamine, niacin, folate, calcium, and phosphorus, and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were lower in females than males. Conclusions: In Korean gastric cancer patients, management of comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia, lowering FPG, and raising HDL-cholesterol level management is required for males, whereas management of lowering total cholesterol and raising hematocrit is required for females. The quantitative and qualitative nutritional intakes were poor in gastric cancer patients, especially in females, who had a lower nutritional intake than males. We suggest that nutritional interventions are needed to improve the overall nutritional intake in both male and female gastric cancer patients. In particular, we propose that support is urgently needed for females whose nutritional intake is lower than that of males. In addition, family, social, and national support for nutritional management of female gastric cancer patients is highly necessary.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2023

Objectives: Moroccan Arbutus unedo is an essential medicinal plant; however, little is known about the biological properties of its leaves mentioned in Moroccan traditional medicine. Methods: Various standard experiments were performed to evaluate the phytochemical, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and acute and sub-chronic toxicity characteristics of A. unedo leaves. Results: Phytochemical screening led to the identification of several phytochemical classes, including tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and anthraquinones, with high concentrations of polyphenols (31.83 ± 0.29 mg GAEs/g extract) and flavonoids (16.66 ± 1.47 mg REs/g extract). Further, the mineral analysis revealed high levels of calcium and potassium. A. unedo extract demonstrated significant antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities by inhibiting α-amylase (1.350 ± 0.32 g/mL) and α-glucosidase (0.099 ± 1.21 g/mL) compared to the reference drug Acarbose. Also, the methanolic extract of the plant exhibited significantly higher antibacterial activity than the aqueous extract. Precisely, three of the four examined bacterial strains exhibited substantial susceptibility to the methanolic extract . Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values indicated that A. unedo harbor abundant bactericidal compounds. For toxicological studies, mice were administered with A. unedo aqueous extract at single doses of 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg. They did not exhibit significant abnormal behavior, toxic symptoms, or death during the 14-day acute toxicity test and the 90-day sub-chronic toxicity test periods. The general behavior, body weight, and hematological and biochemical status of the rats were assessed, revealing no toxicological symptoms or clinically significant changes in biological markers observed in the mice models, except hypoglycemia, after 90 days of daily dose administration. Conclusion: The study highlighted several biological advantages of A. unedo leaves without toxic effects in short-term application. Our findings suggest that conducting more comprehensive and extensive in vivo investigations is of utmost importance to identify molecules that can be formulated into pharmaceuticals in the future.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2023

최근 원도심을 대상으로 한 재개발이 이루어짐에 따라 구조물의 대형화 및 초고층화로 인한 인접 위치에서의 시공 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 하지만 밀집화된 도심지에서의 굴착공사는 다양한 원인에 의해 지반 문제가 유발되기 때문에 이를 최소화할 수 있는 재료 및 공법의 활용이 요구되고 있다. 일반적인 흙막이공법으로는 시멘트를 사용하여 지하연속벽, CIP공법 등 다양한 방법이 적용되고 있다. 그러나 흙막이공법의 시공을 위해서는 많은 양의 시멘트가 사용되기 때문에 온실가스 배출량을 획기적으로 감축시키기 위해서는 새로운 시멘트 대체 재료의 개발을 위한 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 고로슬래그 미분말과 탈황석고 및 고칼슘 플라이애시의 알칼리 자극 반응에 따른 경화반응을 활용하여 SCW공법에 적용하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 개발 고화재를 사용한 고화토의 경우, 재령 28일 압축강도는 OPC 대비 96.2 ~ 106.3%를 확보할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 압축강도 증가율은 사질토의 경우 2.06, 점성토의 경우 2.41로 OPC의 1.85 보다 높은 값을 나타내어 장기강도 측면에서 유리한 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 환경성 측면에서 중금속 용출은 없고, 온실가스 발생량을 획기적으로 감소시킬 수 있어 추가적인 검토가 이루어진다면 SCW공법으로 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.302-316
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• 2023

Objectives: The study aim was to identify changes in the nutritional status of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic according to household income and demographic characteristics. Methods: Study participants were 2,408 adults aged 65 and over who participated in the 2019-2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). To examine changes in nutrient intake levels resulting from COVID-19, data of 2019 and of 2020 were compared. Study participants were divided into three groups based on household income level to compare these changes. The changes were compared according to household income level, age group, and household type. Results: Percentages of recommended intakes for energy, protein, and most micronutrients were the lowest for the low-income group of both males and females in 2020. The Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) score was the lowest for the low-income group in both years. When comparing nutrient density for 2019 and 2020 by income group, the male low-income group experienced a decrease in nutrient densities of vitamin A, thiamine, calcium, and iron. For the same group, a decreased percentage for energy intake from protein was noted. Fruit intake was lowest in the low-income group for both males and females. Low-income males had the lowest intake levels for meat, fish, eggs, and legumes in both 2019 and 2020 and the lowest milk and milk product intake levels in 2020. Older adults living alone or single older adults with children had lower MAR scores than those living with a spouse. Older adults living alone experienced decreases in energy and thiamine and iron intake levels in 2020 compared to their intake levels in 2019. Conclusions: Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, nutrition intake levels worsened for older adult males in the low-income group and older adults living alone. This finding shows the need for a more systematic nutritional support strategy for the vulnerable older adults population in national disaster situations.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.475-499
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• 2023

경상지역 제철유적의 원료산지 추정을 위해 제철시료와 주요 철광상 철광석을 대상으로 암석기재학 및 지화학적 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 각 지역에서 발굴된 제철유적 시료는 제련공정 단계에 따라 원료철광석, 괴련철, 괴련철슬래그, 선철, 선철슬래그, 단조박편, 단야철, 철정 및 화살촉으로 분류되었고 각각 상이한 구성광물과 조직을 보였다. 또한 슬래그를 구성하는 규산염광물에서의 알루미늄 및 칼슘 등의 주원소 성분의 농집과 제철유물에서 니켈 및 구리 등의 미량원소 함량이 높은 것은 원료철광석의 특성이 반영된 것으로 잠재적인 제철원료의 산지추정인자로 여겨진다. 특히 제철유적 시료의 납-스트론튬 동위원소비는 크게 1) 원료철광석과 유사한 조성을 보이는 경우, 2) 스트론튬 동위원소비가 부화된 경우, 그리고 3) 납-스트론튬 동위원소비 모두 부화된 경우로 구별되며 이러한 동위원소비 특성은 고온의 제련공정 과정에서 첨가된 특정 조재제와의 혼염 가능성을 시사한다. 이러한 결과는 첨가물이 제련과정에 미치는 잠재적인 기여 측면에서 경상지역 제철유적의 산지추정 해석에 새로운 시각을 제시한다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.609-618
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• 2023

Objective: TLRI 211-1 is a novel Bacillus subtilis strain. This experiment was to investigate dietary supplementation of TLRI 211-1 on laying performance, egg quality and blood characteristics of layers. Methods: One hundred and twenty 65-wk-old Leghorn layers were divided into four treatment groups for 8 weeks experiment. Each treatment had three replicates. The basal diet was formulated as control group with crude protein 17% and metabolizable energy 2,850 kcal/kg and supplemented with TLRI 211-1 0.1%, 0.3%, and commercial Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 0.1% as treatment 2, 3 and 4 groups, respectively. Both TLRI 211-1 and commercial Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were adjusted to contain 1×10⁹ colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL (g), hence the 0.1% supplemental level was 1×10⁹ CFU/kg. Results: The results showed that TLRI 211-1 0.3% and commercial B. amyloliquefaciens groups had higher weight gain than the other groups; TLRI 211-1 0.1% group had better feed to eggs conversion ratio than the control and commercial B. amyloliquefaciens groups (p<0.05). Bacillus subtilis supplementation increased yolk weight (p<0.05). In egg quality during storage, TLRI 211-1 0.1% had higher breaking strength than the control group at the second week of storage (p<0.05). At the third week of storage, TLRI 211-1 0.3% had higher Haugh unit (p<0.05). Hens fed diets supplemented with TLRI 211-1 0.3% significantly decreased blood triglyceride levels and increased blood calcium levels (p<0.05). TLRI 211-1 0.3% group had lower H₂S (p<0.05) and hence had less unpleasant odor in excreta of hens. Conclusion: In conclusion, supplementation with 0.1% TLRI 211-1 can significantly improve feed to eggs conversion ratio. TLRI 211-1 supplementation also can maintain eggs at their optimum quality level during storage. The study showed that B. subtilis TLRI 211-1 can be used as feed additives for improving egg production performance and egg quality.