• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.35-47
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• 2010

Objectives : Chim-Gu-Kyung-Heom-Bang(CGKHB; 鍼灸經驗方) is the needle and moxa specialized document written by the doctor specialized in needle and moxa treatment of Joseon(朝鮮), Heo Im(1570-1647). The document was published in April 1644(22nd year of King Injo). CGKHB contains the needle and moxa treatment techniques accumulated by the Joseon Dynasty as well as the personal experience of Heo Im. The aim of this study is to restore the past treatment method as a method of Needle Insertion Method at CV12(NIM-CV12, needle to penetrate blood vessel technique) in CGKHB.. Methods : Through Dong-Yi-Bao-Gam(DYBG; 東醫寶鑑), the implication of Korean medicine study of the Jungwan(CV12) has been studied. Next is the contemplation of the NIM-CV12 of CGKHB with the Acupuncture Treatment Using Jungwan(中脘鍼法) of Park Tae-won and Acupuncture Treatment for Byeokjeok(癖積鍼法) of "Geup Yubang". Results and Conclusions : 1. CV12 is one of the acupuncture points representing stomach(脾胃), middle energizer(中焦), phlegm-fluid retention(痰飮) and greater yin(太陰). 2. NIM-CV12 of CGKHB is the technique to penetrate the needle into the CV12 strictly relying on tactile sense of a person who give the penetration. This CV12 administration was carried out at intervals of every 7 or 8 day. During the administration period, the patient was not allowed to intake excessive amount of food. 3. The Acupuncture Treatment Using Jungwan(中脘鍼法) of Park Tae-won and Acupuncture Treatment for Byeokjeok(癖積鍼法) of "GeupYubang", existed in the same era of the NIM-CV12 of CGKHB, have similar linkage to the NIM-CV12 of Heo Im.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2005

제주산 감귤과즙을 이용하여 감귤식초를 제조할 목적으로 식초산 발효균 CV1과 CV2를 분리하고 식초산 생성능력을 산업적으로 이용되고 있는 균주와 비교 검정하고 165 rDNA 염기서열을 분석하고 동정하였다. 분리균은 8일간의 발효에 의하여 산도 $5.5\%$ 이상의 식초산을 생성하였으며, 감귤식초 발효에는 사과식초나 감식초 발효에 이용되고 있는 균주 보다 더욱 적합한 것으로 판정되었다. 분리한 균주는 Gluconacetobacter hanenii(CV2) 및 G. hanenii의 변이주(CV1)로 동정되었다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.150-161
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• 2019

Objectives : The authors aimed at contributing to the safety of acupuncture in the clinic by analyzing the information of contraindicated acupoints described in Uihakipmun. Methods : We investigated the contents related acupuncture contraindications in Uihakipmun, categorized the contraindicated acupoints by site and identified whether they can cause adverse events from the anatomical point of view. Results : In Uihakipmun, 49 acupoints - BL6, BL8, BL9, ST1, SI18, BL1, BL2, TE18, TE19, TE20, GB1, GB3, GV22, GV24, ST12, ST9, TE16, GV6, BL15, BL30, CV17, LU2, GB22, SP16, CV8, CV9, CV15, KI11, ST30, SP11, BL56, GB32, GB33, GB42, LI13, HT2, TE8, GV17, GB18, EX-HN11, GB21, GV11, GV10, ST17, CV5, CV1, ST42, SP6, LI4 - were described as contraindicated acupoints. Among them, the contraindications induced by acupuncture treatment were described for just 5 acupoints. Anatomically, acupuncture stimulation at the contraindicated acupoints can cause organ, nerve or vessel damage near the acupoints. And the number of contraindicated acupoints in Uihakipmun was increased compared to those in Hwangjenaegyeong, Chimgugabeulgyeong, Bigeupcheongeumyobang, Donginsuhyeolchimgudogyeong and Chimgujasaenggyeong. Conclusions : In Ming dynasty, the knowledge associated with adverse events on acupuncture was increased by the accumulation of medical knowledge. Acupuncture stimulation at the contraindicated acupoints described in Uihakipmun can cause tissue damage, therefore we should perform acupuncture procedure carefully to avoid adverse events when stimulating the contraindicated acupoints.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2009

발사체 추진시스템에서 CC(Combustion Chamber) 산화제 개폐밸브는 액체산소를 연소기로 공급 및 차단함으로써 연소를 개시 및 중단시킬 뿐만 아니라, 정상운영 상태에서는 연소기 내 안정된 연소가 가능하도록 일정한 유량의 액체산소를 공급한다. CC 산화제 개폐밸브 개발과 관련하여, TM(Technology Model)의 극저온 산화제 개폐밸브를 제작하여, 밸브의 정상적인 작동성능을 이미 확인한 바 있다. 반면 TM의 유량계수, Cv가 설계기준 값보다 상당히 작았기 때문에, 차기 개발 단계인 CC 산화제 개폐밸브 EM(Engineering Model)의 설계/제작을 통해 충분히 개선된 Cv 특성을 확보하기 위해 CFD 해석을 수행하였다. CFD 해석 결과, 밸브 출구 각도를 120o로 변경하고, 밸브의 부분적인 크기 증가와 스트록 길이를 증가시킴으로써 EM의 Cv를 상당히 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 유량시험을 통해 측정된 EM의 개선된 Cv는 최소 212로써, 기존 TM의 Cv값인 161보다 32%가량 증가된 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1992

점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae Koch)에 대한 독성시험방법을 비교하고, 감수성계통을 누대도태하여 in vivo에서 저항성 발달수준과 in vitro에서의 AChE insensitivity의 관계를 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 점박이응애의 살비제 저항성 수준결정의 독성시험방법중 slide dip법 (CV=8.7%)은 leaf dip법(CV=12.2%) 이나 leaf disc법(CV=13.6%)보다 변이가 적고 정확도가 높을 뿐만 아니라 처리방법이 간편하고 한가지 농도에 대하여 여러 계통을 동시에 처리할 수 있고 처리 후의 조건을 균일하게 유지시킬 수 있으며 기주식물 없이 시험이 가능하였다. topical application법(CV=8.1%) 역시 정확도는 높았으나 시험 조작이 어렵고 필요한 장비의 구입 비용이 더 들며 시간이 많이 소요되는 단점이 있었다. 두 유기인제에 의한 누대도태결과 22세대 carbophenothion 도태개체군은 동일약제에 156배의 저항성이 발달하였으며, ethion에 대하여 128배의 저항성 반응을 보였다. 24세대 ethion 도태개체군은 동일약제에 64.1배의 저항성 발달이 되었으며, carbophenothion에 대하여도 65배의 저항성 반응을 보였다. 도태개체군의 AChE 활성저해도를 보면 감수성계통에 비하여 carbophenotion 누대계통은 carbohenothion은 3.3배, ethion은 2.7배의 활성저해도를 보였다. 또한 ethion 도태개체군에 대해서는 ethion은 2.6배 carbophenothion은 3.0배의 활성저해도를 나타냈다. 위와 같이 in vivo에서의 저항성 발달 수준과 in vitro에서의 AChE 저해도와는 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 보아 유기인계 살비제에 대한 점박이응애의 저항성 발현에는 AChE의 insensitivity가 주요인으로 작용하는 것으로 생각된다.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.471-482
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• 2001

Infantile Convulsion, one of common emergency symptoms in pediatrics, arises from sudden derangement of the central nerve system, and can cause a sudden loss of consciousness and spasm. It falls into three categories: Acute Infantile Convulsion, Chronic Infantile Convulsion and Chronic Spleen Convulsion. According to research, approximately 6~7% of all babies undergo spasm more than once. Since the treatment must be done immediately, acupuncture & moxibustion treatment can be one of the most important treatments in this Particular case. Therefore, the focus of this study is on how acupuncture & moxibustion can be utilized in the treatment of Infantile Convulsion, and the literary findings are as follows: 1. The meridian points used on acute infantile convulsion are Sugu(GV26), T'aech'ung(Liv3), Hapkok(LI4). 2. The meridians used on acute infantile convulsion are Governor Vessel(GV), Bladder Meridian(BL), Stomach Meridian(ST). 3. The meridian points used on accompanied symptoms with acute infantile convulsion are Haenggan(Liv2), Yangnungch'on(Liv3) on spasm, Paek'oe(GV14) on opisthotonus, Kokchi(LI11), Taech'u(GV14) on fever, Nogung(P8), Yongch'on(K1) on fainting spell, Chok-samri(S36) on body weakness. 4. The meridian points used on chronic infantile convulsion are Shinguol(CV8), Ch'onchj'u(S25), T'aech'ung(Liv3), Kwanwon(CV4), Ch'ukt'aek(L5). 5. The meridians used on chronic infantile convulsion are Conception Vessel(CV), Governor Vessel(GV), Stomach Meridian(ST). 6. The meridian points used on accompanied symptoms with chronic infantile convulsion are Ch'onchj'u(S25), Kolli(CV11) on diarrhea, Taenung(P7), Shinmun(H7) on fainting spell, Kansu(B18), T'aech'ung(Liv3) on spasm. 7. The meridian Points and meridians are Paek'oe(GV14), Sangsung(GV23), Sugu(GV26) of Governor Vessel(GV) and Choiyung(CV16), Shinguol(CV16) of Conception Vessel(CV) and Taedon(Liv1), Changmun(Liv13).

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.209-219
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• 2016

The survey was conducted to investigate biomass and distribution of fisheries resources using a quantitative echo sounder and a fixed gillnet around Marado coast of Jeju to obtain the scientific basic data for dispute resolution with a large purse seine fishery and coastal fishing and policy establishment of reasonable fisheries resources. Hydroacoustic surveys were conducted six times (November 28~29, 2015 (night), February 23~24, 2016 (night) and March 3~4, 2016 (night/day), March 30~31, 2016 (night/day)) using a quantitative echo sounder. The pelagic fish densities were relatively higher around Marado in November 2015, February 2016 and March 3~4, 2016. However, demersal fish densities were relatively higher in Jeju coastal waters on March 30~31, 2016. Catch data using fixed gill net were used to calculate biomass. Based on the hydroacoustic data, fish length-weight function and target strength information of dominant fish, the biomass of fishes were estimated as follow: 5.64 ton CV = 70.2% at night on November 28-29 2015, 7.14 ton CV = 35.8% of pelagic fish and 530.77 ton CV = 34.6% of demersal fishes at night on February 23-24 2016, 2.34 ton CV = 56.7% of pelagic fish and 571.93 ton CV = 40.3% of demersal fish at daytime, 1.39 ton CV = 48.4% of pelagic fish and 194.59 ton CV = 54.3% of demersal fish at night on March 3~4 2016, 0.37 ton CV = 72.9% of pelagic fish and 338.79 ton CV = 99.7% of demersal fish at daytime, 0.24 ton CV = 21.3% of pelagic fish and 68.61 ton CV = 53.8% of demersal fish at night on March 30~31 2016.

• 식물병연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.211-215
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• 2011

모자이크증상을 나타내는 열무로부터 Cucumber mosaic virus의 한 계통을 분리하고 특성을 조사하였다. Vigna unguiculata, Chenopodium amaranticolor and Gomphrena globosa에서 분리 바이러스의 기주반응과 dsRNA 분석, RT-PCR 검정, PCR-RFLP, 혈청학적 분석을 통하여 CMV의 한 계통임을 확인하였다. 이 CMV 계통을 다양한 지표식물에 접종하였을 때, Nicotiana benthamiana와 N. glutinosa, N. tabacum, 고추, 오이 그리고 멜론에서는 전형적인 강한 모자이크 병징이 나타났으나, 열무, 배추, 적갓은 매우 약한 병징을 나타내는 특징을 보였다. 새롭게 분리된 CMV 계통은 가지과, 박과 및 배추과 등 광범위한 작물에 감염성을 나타내었으며, 배추과에서의 감염성 차이를 근거로 Gn-CMV로 명명하였다. Double-stranded (ds) RNA를 분리한 분석에서 Gn-CMV는 기 보고된 CMV 계통과 마찬가지로 3.3, 3.0, 그리고 2.2 kb의 독립된 게놈으로 구성되어 있었으며, SDS-PAGE와 Western blotting 분석으로 통하여 28 kDa의 외피단백질을 확인할 수 있었다. RT-PCR로 얻어진 증폭산물을 Cac8I, ClaI and MspI을 이용한 PCR-RFLP를 통하여 CMV subgroup I 임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.953-958
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• 2008

The object of this study was to investigate the immune-enhancing effects of Chlorella vulgaris (CV) on a deteriorated immune function by a protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) diet. Unicellular algae, CV were used as a biological response modifier. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed for 15 days with standard diet or a PEM diet, which is associated with decreased host immune defense. After 8 days, mice in the PEM diet group were orally administered by 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 g/kg body weight of CV or distilled water. Nutritional parameters, and interferon (IFN)-$\gamma$ levels were significantly increased in the blood serum of the CV (0.15 g/kg)-treated group (29.6$\pm$2.8 pg/mL) compared to the non-treated PEM group (4.1$\pm$0.4 pg/mL, p<0.05). In addition, cell proliferation and production of cytokines were investigated via a CV (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/mL) treatment using a human T cell line MOLT-4 cell. The CV treatment (1 mg/mL) significantly increased the production of both IFN-$\gamma$ and interleukin (IL)-2 (51.3$\pm$3.4 and 285.9$\pm$18.8 pg/mL, respectively) compared to the control (51.3$\pm$3.4 and 442.6$\pm$14.3 pg/mL, respectively), but did not affect the production of IL-4. These results suggest that CV may be useful in improving the immune function.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2011

The possibility of employing biomass of Salix viminalis cv. Q683 as a resource of bio-energy was evaluated. The chemical analysis of S. viminalis cv. Q683 leaf biomass showed components such as, extractives (2.57%), lignin (39.06%), hemicellulose (21.61%), and cellulose (37.83%), whereas, its stem was composed of extractives (1.67%), lignin (23.54%), hemicellulose (33.64%), and cellulose (42.03%). The biomass of S. viminalis cv. Q683 was saccharified using two enzymes celluclast and viscozyme. The saccharification of S. viminalis cv. Q683 biomass was influenced by enzymes and their strengths. The optimal enzyme combination was found to be celluclast (59 FPU/g substrate) and viscozyme (24 FBG/g substrate). On saccharification the glucose from leaf and stem biomass was 7.5g/L and 11.7g/L, respectively after 72 hr of enzyme treatment. The biomass and enzyme-treated biomass served as the feedstock for ethanol production by fermentation. The ethanol production from stem and leaf biomass was 5.8 g/L and 2.2 g/L respectively, while the fermentation of the enzymatic hydrolysates yielded 5 g/L to 8 g/L bioethanol in 72 hours.