• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.215-221
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of delayed harvest of Miscanthus on its biomass yield and growth characteristics. The trial was conducted at a 5-year-old demonstration field, using Miscanthus sacchariflorus cv. Geodae 1 and Miscanthus ${\times}$ giganteus. Harvesting was carried out using a mower, baler, and bale picker driven by a 5-ton tractor. Harvesting dates were the $1^{st}$, $10^{th}$, and $17^{th}$ of April, which respectively corresponded with the first, mid, and last emerging dates of new shoots. The sequential changes in stem number due to delayed harvesting were investigated on April $29^{th}$, May $27^{th}$, July $22^{nd}$, and October $30^{th}$, which corresponded to the juvenile, mid, luxuriant, and senescence stem stages, respectively. Soil penetration resistance, biomass yield, and growth characteristics were investigated on October $30^{th}$. There was no difference in soil penetration resistance at a depth of 10 cm, but it increased at a depth of 20 cm in proportion to the delayed harvesting time. The sequential change in stem number due to delayed harvesting was greater in M. sacchariflorus cv. Geodae 1 than in M. ${\times}$ giganteus. In M. sacchariflorus cv. Geodae 1, which was harvested on the last emerging date of new shoots, the stem number was $169/m^2$ in the mid stage but decreased to $70/m^2$ in the luxuriant stage. The diameter of newly developed rhizomes, stem height, and biomass yield decreased in the two Miscanthus species due to delayed harvesting. The ratio of Miscanthus headings, which is a critical characteristic for landscape use, also decreased due to delayed harvesting. Heading of M. sacchariflorus cv. Geodae 1 was not observed in plots harvested on the mid and last emerging dates of new shoots.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.113-122
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study was to invigorate the use of infrared thermal imaging apparatus as a diagnostic tool in Oriental medicine by providing standard temperature on specific acupoints. Methods: Subjects for the study was recruited through an advertisement in the school homepage(www.sangji.ac.kr) explaining the objectives and methods. 100 volunteers agreeing to terms were selected and measured the full body thermal image. Common acupoints used in the clinical surrounding were chosen and final 63 acupoints were selected for the measurement. Male/female and right/left readings were obtained for the analysis. Results: Following results were obtained from analyzing the body temperature of 50 male subjects and 50 female subjects 1. Subjects participating in the study ranged from 19 years of age to 44 years. Median male age at $26.86{\pm}6.02$ and female age at $22.88{\pm}2.74$, respectively. 2. For all acupoints, no significant differences were witnessed between the gender and right, left side of the body. 3. 10 acupoints from the facial region(18 bilateral), 8 acupoints from the chest/abdomen region(10 bilateral), 6 acupoints from the back region(11 bilateral), 17 acupoints from the upper extremity(34 bilateral), and 22 acupoints from the lower extremity(44 bilateral) were chosen. 4. In the facial region, BL2 showed the highest temperature and GV26 showed the lowest. 5. In the chest/abdomen region, CV22 showed the highest temperature and CV6 showed the lowest. 6. In the back region, GV14 showed the highest temperature and BL23 showed the lowest. 7. In the upper extremity region, jianqian(extra point) showed the highest temperature and baxie(extra point) showed the lowest. 8. In the lower extremity region, KI1 and bafeng(extra point) shoed the highest temperature and BL40 showed the lowest. Conclusions: Based on the standard body temperature measured on specific acupoints throughout the body, we hope these findings can trigger further studies on applications of infrared thermal imaging and clinical usage in the field of oriental medicine.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.50
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• pp.56-62
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• 2023

Transgenic lilies have been obtained using Agrobacterium tumefaciens (AGL1) with the plant scale explants, followed by DL-phosphinothricin (PPT) selection. In this study, scales of lily plants cv. "red flame" were transformed with the pCAMBIA3301 vector containing the gus gene as a reporter and the blpR gene as a selectable marker, as well as a gene of interest showing herbicide tolerance, both driven by the CaMV 35S promoter. Using a 20-minute infection time and a 5-day cultivation period, factors that optimized and demonstrated a high transformation efficiency were achieved. With these conditions, approximately 22-27% efficiency was observed for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in lilies. After transformation with Agrobacterium, scales of lilies were transferred to MS medium without selective agents for 2 weeks. They were then placed on selection MS medium containing 5 mg/L PPT for a month of further selection and then cultured for another 4-8 weeks with a 4-week subculture regime on the same selection medium. PPT-resistant scales with shoots were successfully rooted and regenerated into plantlets after transferring into hormone-free MS medium. Also, most survived putatively transformed plantlets indicated the presence of the blpR gene by PCR analysis and showed a blue color indicating expression of the gus gene. In conclusion, when 100 scales of lily cv. "red flame" are transformed with Agrobacterium, approximately 22-27 transgenic plantlets can be produced following an optimized protocol. Therefore, this protocol can contribute to the lily breeding program in the future.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.279-283
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• 2019

Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture, a treatment that injects Hominis placenta extract into acupoints, has been suggested in the literature and researches that it could be used for cognitive decline. We experienced a case of mild neurocognitive disorder treated with Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture. Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture could be a possible treatment modality producing substantial clinical result in cognitive function which is assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination-Dementia Screening (MMSE-DS), Korean Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K), and Korean-Dementia Rating Scale (K-DRS). A 84-year-old man with mild neurocognitive disorder received Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture on GV20, CV12, and bilateral ST36 for a month. The results of neuropsychological examination showed increase in scores after treatment of Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture. Before treatment, they were 15 points for MoCA-K, and 120 points for K-DRS (7.6%), but after treatment, they elevated by 21 points for MoCA-K and 137 points for K-DRS (100%). MMSE-DS score was 28 points, unchanged before and after treatment. It did not cause any side-effect. Hominis placenta pharmacopuncture could be a safe option for treating mild neurocognitive disorder.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1161-1170
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• 2013

The efficiency of coal-based activated carbon in removing methylene blue (MB) and phenol from aqueous solution was investigated in batch experiments. The batch adsorption kinetics were described by applying pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and first order reversible reaction. The results showed that the adsorption of MB and phenol occurs complexed process including external mass transfer and intraparticle diffusion. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm was 461.0 mg/g for MB and 194.6 mg/g for phenol, respectively. The values of activation parameters such as free energy (${\Delta}G^0$), enthalpy (${\Delta}H^0$), and entropy (${\Delta}S^0$) were also determined as -19.0~-14.9 kJ/mol, 25.4 kJ/mol, and 135.2 J/mol K for MB and 51.8~54.1 kJ/mol, -29.0 kJ/mol, and -76.4 kJ/mol K for phenol, respectively. The MB adsorption was found to be endothermic and spontaneous process. However, the CV adsorption was found to be exothermic and non-spontaneous process.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.13-25
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate acupoints and muscles used for cosmetic acupuncture. We want most clinicians practicing cosmetic acupuncture to understand theoretical background well and to treat cosmetic diseases more diversely by this paper. Methods : We collected useful informations from some books and websites about cosmetic acupuncture and thus could select major acupoints and muscles. Conculsions : The most frequently used acupoints for cosmetic acupoints are as follows ; LI20, ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5, ST6, ST7, ST8, SI18, SI19, BL1, BL2, BL3, BL4, TE17, TE18, TE19, TE20, TE21, TE22, TE23, GB1, GB2, GB3, GB4, GB5, GB6, GB7, GB8, GB13, GB14, GV20, GV21, GV22, GV23, GV24, GV25, GV26 and CV24. And head and neck muscles including SCM muscle, plastyma, frontalis, corrugator supercilii, orbicularis oculi, auricularis, temporalis, masseter, pterygoid, zygomaticus and risorius can be used for cosmetic acupuncture. Most acupoints and muscles are located in face and head, which seemed to be concerned with formation of face wrinkles.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.585-591
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• 2012

The antagonistic effect of Trichoderma harzianum on a range of seed-borne fungal pathogens of wheat (viz. Fusarium graminearum, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Aspergillus spp., and Penicillium spp.) was assessed. The potential of T. harzianum as a biocontrol agent was tested in vitro and under field conditions. Coculture of the pathogens and Trichoderma under laboratory conditions clearly showed dominance of T. harzianum. Under natural conditions, biocontrol effects were also obtained against the test fungi. One month after sowing, field emergence (plant stand) was increased by 15.93% over that obtained with the control treatment, and seedling infection was reduced significantly. Leaf blight severity was decreased from 22 to 11 at the heading stage, 35 to 31 at the flowering stage, and 86 to 74 at the grain filling stage. At harvest, the number of tillers per plant was increased by 50%, the yield was increased by 31.58%, and the 1,000-seed weight was increased by 21%.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.721-727
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• 2011

All vanadium redox-flow battery (VRFB) has been studied actively as one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage systems for a wide rage of applications such as electric vehicles, photovoltaic arrays, and excess power generated by electric power plants at night time. In this study, carbon felt electrodes were treated by electrochemical oxidation with KOH, and the cyclic voltammetry were studied in order to investigate redox reactivity of vanadium ion species with carbon felt electrodes. Besides the effect of electrochemical oxidation on the surface chemistry of carbon felt electrodes were investigated using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). After electrochemical oxidation, XPS analysis of PAN based GF20-3 carbon felt electrode revealed on increase in the overall surface oxygen content of the carbon felts after electrochemical oxidation. Redox reaction characteristics using cyclic voltammetry (CV) were ascertained that the electrochemical treated electrode were more reversible than the untreated electrode.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.553-557
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to establish an extraction and analysis method for $\alpha$-tocopherol, and to then distinguish among varieties. The $\alpha$-tocopherol contents of 22 varieties of peanut seeds were analyzed by HPLC. Peanut seeds of cv. Palkwang were processed in two ways, by boiling and roasting. The $\alpha$-tocopherol contents of the two types of peanuts were compared with fresh seeds without any processing. $\alpha$-Tocopherol was detected at a retention time of 2.95 minutes. Five standards of $\alpha$-tocopherol covering a range of $20{\sim}100{\mu}g/ml$ were made up in 2% isopropyl alcohol/n-hexane and analyzed in duplicate. The $\alpha$-tocopherol contents differed according to extraction temperature. The contents were $85{\mu}g/g$ or less at $10^{\circ}C\;and\;20^{\circ}C$ and $94{\mu}g/g$ at $30^{\circ}C$, but they were decreased at $40^{\circ}C$ or higher. The $\alpha$-tocopherol contents in 22 peanut varieties were $61.36{\sim}96.80{\mu}g/g$ according to variety. Fresh peanuts contained $106.7{\mu}g/g$ of $\alpha$-tocopherol, while boiled peanuts contained $108.8{\mu}g/g$ of $\alpha$-tocopherol, and roasted peanuts contained $109.2{\mu}g/g$ of $\alpha$-tocopherol.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.126-133
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• 2017

The conventional battery charger requires two separate voltage and current compensators to achieve constant current and constant-current-charging profile. This compensator configuration leads to an inevitable transient response during the mode change between the constant current and the constant voltage operation. Futhermore, a tedious and complicated design process is required to consider a widely changing battery voltage and the nonlinear electrical properties of Li-ion battery. This study proposes a single integrated voltage-current compensator of the LLC resonant converter for Li-ion battery charger applications to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. The proposed compensator is designed to provide a smooth and reliable performance during the entire charging process while providing the reduced design efforts and seamless mode transient response. Several experimental results based on a 300 W prototype converter and its theoretical analysis are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed compensator.