• Title/Summary/Keyword: CULTIVATED VARIETIES

Search Result 342, Processing Time 0.031 seconds

Genotyping of Agaricus bisporus Strains by PCR Fingerprints

  • Min, KyongJin;Oh, YounLee;Kang, HeeWan
    • 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 2014.10a
    • /
    • pp.41-41
    • /
    • 2014
  • Agaricus bisporus, commonly known as the button mushroom, is the most widely cultivated species of edible fungi. Low frequency of recombination ratio and homokaryotic or monokaryotic spore on meiotic basidia form obstacles for breeding programs. Since the first hybrid varieties for white button mushrooms were released in Europe, new varieties released afterwards were either identical of very similar to these first hybrids on morphologies. Therefore, different DNA markers have been used to define unique varieties of A. bisporus strains. Aim of this study is to assess the genetic diversity of different A. bisporus strains in Korea. Twelve UFP (Universal fungal primer, JK BioTech. Ltd), 12 simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and 30 SSR primers were used to assess genetic diversity of monokaryotic and dikaryotic Agaricus bisporus strains including other 19 Agaricus spp. Of them, four UFP, four SSR primers, $(GA)_8T$, $(AG)_8YC$, $(GA)_8C$ and $(CTC)_6$ and seven SSR markers produced PCR polymorphic bands between the Agaricus species or within A. bisporus strains. PCR polymorphic bands were inputted for UPGMA cluster analysis. Forty five strains of A. bisporus are genetically clustered into 6 groups, showing coefficient similarity from 0.75 to 0.9 among them. In addition, genetic variations of monokaryotic and dikaryotic Agaricus bisporus strains were partially detected by PCR technologies of this study. The varieties, Saea, saedo, Saejeong and Saeyeon that have recently been developed in Korea were involved in the same group with closely genetic relationship of coefficient similarity over 0.96, whereas, other strains were genetically related to A. bisporus strains that were introduced from USA, Eroupe and Chinese.

  • PDF

Effect of picloram and 2,4-D on plant regeneration from mature and immature embryos of moroccan durum wheat varieties

  • Ahansal, Khadija;Aadel, Hanane;Udupa, Sripada Mahabala;Gaboun, Fatima;Abdelwahd, Rabha;Ibriz, Mohammed;Iraqi, Driss
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.49 no.2
    • /
    • pp.131-138
    • /
    • 2022
  • An efficient genetic transformation protocol is a fundamental requirement for high regeneration capacity from cultivated durum wheat (Triticum durum) varieties. In this study, wereportedtheeffectsoftwoauxins,2,4-dichlorophenoxyaceticacid(2,4-D)and4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicoli nicacid(picloram), at a concentration of 2 mg/Laloneandincombination on the embryogenic callus and plantlet regeneration of four durum wheat varieties (Amria, Chaoui, Marouane, and Tomouh) using mature embryos (MEs) and immature embryos (ImEs). Significanteffectsofvariety,culturemedium(theauxinused),andvariety-mediuminteraction were observed on the callus weight and plantlet regeneration of both MR and ImE explants. The medium used for callus induction significantly affected plantlet regeneration (p < 0.001). Comparedto2,4-D, picloram led to a higher plantlet regeneration rate in both ME and ImE explants (19.8% and 40.86%, respectively). Plantlet regeneration also varied significantly depending on the variety and medium used. PicloramledtohighplantletregenerationofbothME and ImE explants in all varieties except Tomouh, which showed high plantlet regeneration of ME explants in 2,4-D. A comparison of ME and ImE responses indicated that ImEs are the best explants for high plantlet regeneration in durum wheat. Ourfindingssuggestthatpicloramisthebestauxin and should be used instead of 2,4-D due to its positive effect on increasing plant regeneration of durum wheat ME and ImE explants.

Evaluation of Horticultural Characteristics on Water Dropwort (Oenanthe stolonifera DC.) Genetic Resources for Various Utilization

  • Eun Ji Kim;Sung Yong Jin;Hyun Soo Jung;Chi Seon Kim
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
    • /
    • 2022.09a
    • /
    • pp.51-51
    • /
    • 2022
  • Water dropwort (Oenanthe stolonifera DC.) is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows wild throughout Korea. As of 2020, 24,819 tons (51.7% of open field, 48.3% of facility) are produced in 1,278 ha (59.9% of open field, 40.1% of facility) nationwide. Water dropwort, which is rich in nutrients such as vitamins and iron, is mainly cultivated by vegetative propagation method using local traditional species, however, seed propagation and breeding of cultivars are insufficient so far. Since securing, propagating and continuous characterization of various genetic resources are required to breed new cultivars, this study was conducted to compare the main characteristics of domestic genetic resources and to improve their utilization. Growth characteristics such as plant height, fresh weight, plant type, and flowering date were investigated for the 89 varieties of genetic resources owned by Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services after vegetative propagation in the individual pots. Also, the morphological image information of leaves and flowers was constructed. Genetic resources were collected nationwide and originated in 30 regions including Hwaseong, Siheung and Jeju. Their plant types could be classified into straight, intermediate and creeping types according to their morphological characteristics, and at this time, the number of intermediate types accounted for the largest proportion. Flowering was carried out under high-temperature and long-day conditions in summer. According to the flowering date, they could be classified into early, middle and late flowering varieties, and at this time, the middle flowering varieties occupied the largest proportion. As a result of the investigation of vegetative growth characteristics, varieties with long plant height, heavy fresh weight and thick stem thickness were identified. Along with this result, it is thought that classification and selection of genetic resources for various purposes will be possible through additional investigations such as analysis of components and antioxidant activity. Moreover, it is judged that such results can be used as basic data for breeding new water dropwort cultivars in the future.

  • PDF

Studies on the soybean varieties in Korea. -IV relationships between the seed yields and some characteristics on the several sowing dates- (대두의 품종에 관한 연구 -제4보 파종기별 수량과 제특성과의 관계-)

  • Kwon-Yawl Chang
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.2
    • /
    • pp.30-37
    • /
    • 1964
  • Experiments were carried out to clarify the relationships between seed yields and some ecological characteristics, seed yields and some morphological characteristics, and the relationships among the varietal yields on the several sowing plots when grown under different climatic conditions. Twenty-four soybean varieties were used as the material, selected at random from 138 varieties which were cultivated the year before. These varieties were grown in the Experimental Farm, Chinju Agricultural College, Kyung Sang Namdo, Korea, and seed sowing was conducted at 5 times, from April to July, in 1962 and 1963. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Correlations between seed yields and some ecological characteristics on the sowing date bases are shown in Table 1. Among some ecological characteristics, it was observed that there wert close relationships between seed yields and days to flowering, and between seed yields and the total growing length, except on the late sowing, i.e. July sowing plots, However, there was no clear correlation between seed yields and durations of flowering, and between seed yields and days from flowering to maturity. 2. Correlations between seed yields and some morphological characteristics on the sowing date bases are shown in Table 2. From this table, it was also observed that there were some close relationships between seed yields and branch number for plant, stem diameter, plant weight, pod number per plant, and grain number per plant, but there was no clear relationship between seed yields and stem length, and between seed yields and 100 grain weight, on every sowing plot. 3. Relations between varietal yields and the sowing dates are shown in Table 3. Our leading varieties such as Ulsan, Sangdoo, Changdan Backmok, Iksan, Haman, Barchongdeo, and Anion Daerip, which belong to the maturity groups of IV, V, and VI, have been significantly high in yield at each sowing date plot, but the extreme early varieties, that frequently are damaged by insects, moisture and diseases, and the extreme late varieties, that frequently are caught by frost suffering reduced yield, are showed a lower yield than the others. However, extreme early varieties, for instance, Black Hawk, an American variety, and Chung Buk Baek, a Korean early variety, showed high productivity on the late sowing, June and July sowing plots, and Do san No. 6, which is late Japanese variety, showed a high yield on the extreme early sowing, i.e. April sowing plots. 4. Relations between seed yields and the sowing dates on the varietal bases are shown in Table 4. It was observed that, the early varieties did not differ much in yields at the various sowing dates while the yields of late varieties decreased progressively with subsequent dates. However, the extreme late varieties, such as Tamanishiki, that frequently are caught by frost suffering reduced yield, may be difficult to harvest at this location. The results in these experiments showed that in most cases maximum yields were obtained when leading varieties, which are medium or late varieties, were shown in Mid-May, and progressively lower yields were produced from June and July sowings. On the other hand, the late sowings of the early varieties, such as Black Hawk and Chung Buk Baek, in these experiments showed favorable yields compared with the others. From these results, we can predict that our local medium or late varieties produce higher yields at this location than was produced by early varieties in most of the sowing dates, especially the May sowing, and early varieties such as Black Hawk and Chung Buk Baek should be used in the late sowing, June sowing time.

  • PDF

Studies on the soybean varieties in Korea -III. Relationships between the ecotypes and various characteristics- (대두의 품종에 관한 연구 -제3보 생태형과 제 특성간 그리고 수량과 제 특성간의 관계-)

  • Kwon-Yawl Chang
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.2
    • /
    • pp.27-29
    • /
    • 1964
  • Experiments were carried out to clarify the relationships between seed yields and some ecological characteristics, seed yields and some morphological characteristics, and the relationships among the varietal yields on the several sowing plots when grown under different climatic conditions. Twenty-four soybean varieties were used as the material, selected at random from 138 varieties which were cultivated the year before. These varieties were grown in the Experimental Farm, Chinju Agricultural College, Kyung Sang Namdo, Korea, and seed sowing was conducted at 5 times, from April to July, in 1962 and 1963. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Correlations between seed yields and some ecological characteristics on the sowing date bases are shown in Table 1. Among some ecological characteristics, it was observed that there wert close relationships between seed yields and days to flowering, and between seed yields and the total growing length, except on the late sowing, i.e. July sowing plots, However, there was no clear correlation between seed yields and durations of flowering, and between seed yields and days from flowering to maturity. 2. Correlations between seed yields and some morphological characteristics on the sowing date bases are shown in Table 2. From this table, it was also observed that there were some close relationships between seed yields and branch number for plant, stem diameter, plant weight, pod number per plant, and grain number per plant, but there was no clear relationship between seed yields and stem length, and between seed yields and 100 grain weight, on every sowing plot. 3. Relations between varietal yields and the sowing dates are shown in Table 3. Our leading varieties such as Ulsan, Sangdoo, Changdan Backmok, Iksan, Haman, Barchongdeo, and Anion Daerip, which belong to the maturity groups of IV, V, and VI, have been significantly high in yield at each sowing date plot, but the extreme early varieties, that frequently are damaged by insects, moisture and diseases, and the extreme late varieties, that frequently are caught by frost suffering reduced yield, are showed a lower yield than the others. However, extreme early varieties, for instance, Black Hawk, an American variety, and Chung Buk Baek, a Korean early variety, showed high productivity on the late sowing, June and July sowing plots, and Do san No. 6, which is late Japanese variety, showed a high yield on the extreme early sowing, i.e. April sowing plots. 4. Relations between seed yields and the sowing dates on the varietal bases are shown in Table 4. It was observed that, the early varieties did not differ much in yields at the various sowing dates while the yields of late varieties decreased progressively with subsequent dates. However, the extreme late varieties, such as Tamanishiki, that frequently are caught by frost suffering reduced yield, may be difficult to harvest at this location. The results in these experiments showed that in most cases maximum yields were obtained when leading varieties, which are medium or late varieties, were shown in Mid-May, and progressively lower yields were produced from June and July sowings. On the other hand, the late sowings of the early varieties, such as Black Hawk and Chung Buk Baek, in these experiments showed favorable yields compared with the others. From these results, we can predict that our local medium or late varieties produce higher yields at this location than was produced by early varieties in most of the sowing dates, especially the May sowing, and early varieties such as Black Hawk and Chung Buk Baek should be used in the late sowing, June sowing time.

  • PDF

Growth Characteristics and Yield Potentials of Soybeans in Upland and Paddy Field (전과 답에서의 콩 생육특성과 수량성)

  • 황영현;박상구
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.38 no.4
    • /
    • pp.336-342
    • /
    • 1993
  • To obtain the basic information necessary for the development of soybean varieties well adaptable to upland-paddy field rotational croppings, the difference of growth characteristics between upland and paddy-field including yield potentials of current recommending soybean varieties were evaluated. The growth characteristics, both above and under-ground, which were measured at flowering stage were generally greater in paddy-field but the number of root nodules was much greater in upland, thus the artificial inoculation was practically recommended for soybean growing in paddy-fields. Mean seed yield was generally higher in paddy-fields than in upland. All soybean varieties showed higher seed yield in the early planting date, April 20, were somewhat susceptible to soybean mosaic virus(SMV), thus they could be escaped from the disasterous endemic necrotic soybean mosaic virus(SMV-N). Soybean varieties showed over 4.0 tons/ha seed yield in the paddy-field were Williams 79, Union, SS77053, and Namhaekong. At the same time, Jangyeobkong and Danyeobkong were the most stable soybean varieties among the tested soybean varieties with less than 10% of coefficient variation values in all planting dates in paddy fields. Compared with Hwangkeumkong which is most widely being cultivated on farmer's fields, soybean varieties showed high yields in paddy-field were higher in plant height, less in the number of branches, and more in the number of nodes on main stem. At the same time, they had medium seed size which would bring the good germination and stands. Disease resistance especially for necrotic soybean mosaic virus was also one of the most decisive factors in seed yields for the early planted soybeans.

  • PDF

Authentication and classification of strawberry varieties by analysis of their leaves using near infrared spectroscopy.

  • Lopez, Mercedes G.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
    • /
    • 2001.06a
    • /
    • pp.1617-1617
    • /
    • 2001
  • It is well known now that near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a fast, no destructive, and inexpensive analytical technique that could be used to classify, identify, and authenticate a wide range of foods and food items. Therefore, the main aims of this study were to provide a new insight into the authentication of five strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) varieties and to correlate them with geographical zones and the propagating methods used. Three weeks plants of five different strawberry varieties (F. x ananassa Duch. cv Camarosa, Seascape, Chandler, F. Chiloensis, and F. Virginiana) were cultivated in vitro first and then transferred to pots with special soil, and grown in a greenhouse at CINVESTAV, all varieties were acquired from California (USA). After 18 months, ten leaves from each variety were collected. Transmission spectra from each leave were recorded over a range of 10, 000-4, 000 cm$-^{1}$, 32 scans of each strawberry leave were collected using a resolution of 4 cm$-^{1}$ with a Paragon IdentiCheck FT-NIR System Spectrometer. Triplicates of each strawberry leave were used. All spectra were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and soft independent modeling class analogy (SIMCA). The optimum number of components to be used in the regression was automatically determined by the software. Camarosa was the only variety grown from the same shoot but propagated by a different method (direct or in vitro). Five different classes (varieties) or clusters were observed among samples, however, larger inter class distances were presented by the two wildtype samples (F. Chiloensis and F. Virginiana). Camarosa direct and Camarosa in vitro displayed a small overlapping region between them. On the other hand, Seascape variety presented the smallest rejection percentage among all varieties (more similarities with the rest of the samples). Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of NIRS technique allowed the authentication of all strawberry varieties and geographical origin as well. It was also possible to form subclasses of the same materials. The results presented here demonstrate that NIRS is a very powerful and promising analytical tool since all materials were authenticated and classified based on their variety, origin, and treatment. This is of a tremendous relevance since the variety and origin of a plant material can be established even before it gives its typical fruit or flower.

  • PDF

Physiology, genomics and molecular approaches for lmproving abiotic stress tolerance in rice and impacts on poor farmers

  • Ismail, Abdelbagi M.;Kumar, Arivnd;Singh, R.K.;Dixit, Shalabh;Henry, Amelia;Singh, Uma S.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
    • /
    • 2017.06a
    • /
    • pp.7-7
    • /
    • 2017
  • Unfavorable weather and soil conditions reduce rice yield and land and water productivity, aggravating existing encounters of poverty and food insecurity. These conditions are foreseen to worsen with climate change and with the unceasing irrational human practices that progressively debilitate productivity despite global appeals for more food. Our understanding of plant responses to abiotic stresses is advancing and is complex, involving numerous critical processes - each controlled by several genetic factors. Knowledge of the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in signaling, response and adaptation, and in some cases the genes involved, is advancing. Moreover, the genetic diversity being unveiled within cultivated rice and its wild relatives is providing ample resources for trait and gene discovery, and this is being scouted for rice improvement using modern genomics and molecular tools. Development of stress tolerant varieties is now being fast-tracked through the use of DNA markers and advanced breeding strategies. Large numbers of drought, submergence and salt tolerant varieties were commercialized over recent years in South and Southeast Asia and more recently in Africa. These varieties are making significant changes in less favorable areas, transforming lives of smallholder farmers - progress considered incredulous in the past. The stress tolerant varieties are providing assurance to farmers to invest in better management of their crops and the ability to adjust their cropping systems for even higher productivity and more income, sparking changes analogous to that of the first green revolution, which previously benefited only favorable irrigated and rainfed areas. New breeding tools using markers for multiple stresses made it possible to develop more resilient, higher yielding varieties to replace the aging and obsolete varieties still dominating these areas. Varieties with multiple stress tolerances are now becoming available, providing even better security for farmers and lessening their production risks even in areas affected by complex and overlapping stresses. The progress made in these less favorable areas triggered numerous favorable changes at the national and regional levels in several countries in Asia, including adjusting breeding and dissemination strategies to accelerate outreach and enabling changes at higher policy levels, creating a positive environment for faster progress. Exploiting the potential of these less productive areas for food production is inevitable, to meet the escalating global needs for more food and sustained production systems, at times when national resources are shrinking while demand for food is mounting. However, the success in these areas requires concerted efforts to make use of existing genetic resources for crop improvement and establishing effective evaluation networks, seed production systems, and seed delivery systems to ensure faster outreach and transformation.

  • PDF

Study on Adaptability of Rice Varieties at Air-Pollution Site (수도품종의 대기오염적응성)

  • Kwang-Ho Kim
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.30 no.1
    • /
    • pp.26-32
    • /
    • 1985
  • Ten recommended rice varieties were cultivated in paddy area affected by air-pollutants and in normal area to select varieties adaptable to air-pollution environment. Rice plants grown in pollution site showed higher contents of total sulfur and fluorine in leaf through the whole growing period compared with those in non-pollution site, and rice leaves destroyed by air-pollutants were found only in pollution site. Rice grain yield and four yield components of ten rice varieties grown in pollution site were lower than those in normal area. Five rice varieties among ten were selected as adaptable to air-pollution environment, based on their yielding potential in pollution site and grain yield ratio between two sites. Rice varieties adaptable to pollution showed little variation of percent ripened grains and number of panicles per hill between two sites. Chlorophyll content in flag leaf of rice plants grown in pollution area was lower than in non-pollution area. No relationship was found between grain yield ratio (pollution/non-pollution site) of ten varieties and total sulfur content ratio, fluorine content ratio, chlorophyll content ratio between two sites, and percent destroyed leaf in pollution site, respectively. This result suggest that varietal adaptability to air-pollution environment is not related with the amount of pollutants absorbed, but with the degree of response to pollutants.

  • PDF

Physicochemical Properties and Respiration Rate of Four Different Varieties Muskmelons (Cucumis melo L.) Cultivated in Korea (국내산 머스크멜론의 품종별 호흡 및 이화학적 품질 특성)

  • Youn, Aye-Ree;Noh, Bong-Soo;Kwon, Ki-Hyun;Kim, Sang-Hee;Kim, Byeong-Sam;Cha, Hwan-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.40 no.5
    • /
    • pp.717-724
    • /
    • 2011
  • We evaluated the physicochemical properties of four varieties of muskmelons (Thankyou, Beauty, Picnic, Sympony) during storage at $7^{\circ}C$. We stored Thankyou, Sympony, and Beauty varieties for 28 days at $7^{\circ}C$, while the Picnic variety was stored for 21 days. After the storage period, the mineral content of the Thankyou variety changed the least, by 2.36%, while that of the Sympony and Picnic varieties changed the most. The Thankyou variety also lost the least amount of free sugar content during storage. The Sympony variety had the highest vitamin C content at the beginning of the storage (26.0 mg%/100 g). After 14 days of storage, there was little difference in the vitamin C content of the varieties, which ranged from 11.5 to 12.5 mg%/100 g. The Picnic variety, which had the highest respiratory quotient, indicated lower storability than the other varieties. In a sensory evaluation, the Thankyou variety was considered to be the best in terms of consumer preference. However, the stem water loss seen in this variety tends to be the first thing that consumers see and may determine its merchantable quality.