• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.492-498
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• 2009

We sought to evaluate the relationship between the mandibular canal and impacted mandibular third molars by using dental cone beam computed tomograph(CBCT) for third molar surgery. A total of 111 patients(177 teeth) offered the images through CBCT and panoramic radiography for the extraction of the mandibular third molars. In CBCT, the accurate relationship between the third molar and the mandibular canal were evaluated. In panoramic radiographies, we evaluated the impacted level and superimposition sign of the mandibular third molar with the mandibular canal, and also, the radiopacity of the white line in the canal. Data were statistically analyzed and estimated by $X^2$-test. In CBCT finding, high prevalence of contact between the mandibular canal and roots occured in the deep impacted third molars, narrowing mandibular canals, bending mandibular canals and cases where the radiopacity of white line of canals were "absence" on panoramic images. It showed statistical significance (P<0.05). When evaluating the mandibular canal and the roots through the panoramic radiography for third molar extraction, it could be difficult to diagnosis accurately. Thus, it is required to have an accurate diagnostic approach through CBCT that could evaluated the location between mandibular canal and root.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.301-307
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• 1993

Intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor is now recognized as a pulmonary form of hemangioendothelioma(HE). HE is an unusual tumor of adult life which is characterized by proliferation of an "epithelioid" or "spindle" endothelial cell. In the lung it usually presents as multiple bilateral slowly growing nodules less than 2 cm in diameter. The aetiology and pathogenesis of this disease are unknown. Spindle cell HE occurs at any age, but approximately one half of patient are 25 years of age or younger and males are affected twice more frequently than females. On light microscopic examination, the tumor show mild cellular atypia, nearly absent mitoses and electron-microscopic studies reveal evidence of endothelial cell differentiation. Intracytoplasmic localization of Factor VIII-related antigen is demonstrated on immunohistochemical study, which confirmed the endothelial origin of the tumor. No effective therapy is yet known for HE, but survival of this tumor can be quite long. However, one half of the patient have died, usually of progressive pulmonary insufficiency. This 19-yr-old male complained of Rt. chest pain and intermittent hemoptysis. Simple chest film and chest CT scan showed the Rt. pleural effusion, variable sized bilateral pulmonary nodules, irregular large heterogenous tumor with well enhancement and extensive necrosis in the anterior mediastinum. The mediastinal mass was biopsied and diagnosed as spindle cell HE by light microscopic finding and immunohistochemical studies.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.598-604
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• 1992

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in childhood and acounts for 6% to 15% of all cases of childhood cancer, Rhabdomyosarcoma in seventh most common form of childhood neoplasms, following acute leukemia, tumors of the central nervous system, lymphoma neuroblastoma, Wilm`s tumor, bone tumor. Rhabdomyosarcoma can arise anywhere in the body, but primary site in the thorax is relatively rare. We experienced a case of aveolar rhabdomyosarcoma arising from intercostal muscle, A 12 year-old woman was suffered from the intermittent left chest pain radiating to the scapular area and dyspnea, On physical examination, pulmonary friction rub was heard on the left upper lobe area. Qn adimission, the chest simple radiography revealed a 7 x 6, 5cm sized radio-opaque mass with pleural effusion in the superior mediastinum and the CT showed a well difined radio-opaque mass including the destructed 2nd rib and pleural effusion. The percutaneous tra-nsthoracic needle aspiration biopsy was likely to show blastoma. After the chemotherapy[vincristine, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamde] was done to treat blastoma, the pleural effussion was subsided and the mass was slightly decreased by 4.5x 4. 5cm. For treatment and diagnosis, we performed en-bloc resection and the defected chest was reconstucted with Gortex patch. Grossly, the specimen was colored graysh-white and arised in between two ribs The microscopic findings showed that the tumor cells were small round with scant pinkish cytoplasm on the H-E stain and the tumor cell nests were grouped by reticulum fibers and showed alveolar pattern on the silver stain The electromicroscopic finding presented that the cytoplasm contained tangled fibrillar and flocculent materials. The histopathologic findings were compatable with laveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. She was discharged without any complication. After discharge, she has been treated with radiation theraphy and chemotheraphy, and not recurred untill last follow-up We report a case of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma arising to intercostal muscle, developed in 12 year-old waman, with brief review of literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.730-734
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• 1998

Background: It is important to know the location, number, size and shape of bullae before thoracotomy or VATS bullectomy. Chest X-ray and chest CT may be used but with some limitation. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of thoracography with that of chest X-ray in preoperative detection of bullae. Meterial and Method: Thoracography was performed by injection of non-ionic water-soluble dye into pleural space in 22 primary spontaneous pneumothoraces, which underwent thoracotomy or VATS bullectomy. Chest X-ray and thoracography were compared through operative finding. Results: Sensitivity and accuracy of thoracography(75% and 72.7%) were higher than those of chest X-ray(30% and 36.4%). However, specificity of thoracography(50%) was lower than that of chest X-ray (100%). There were no complications during or after thoracography. Conclusion: Thoracography is a safer and more useful method for preoperative detection of bullae when compared with chest X-ray.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.5 s.274
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• pp.384-387
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• 2007

The finding of a tracheal penetrating injury that's caused by a foreign body is rare in adulthood. A 42-year-old man had experienced penetrating trauma due to a glass fragment 10 years ago. He presented with blood tinged sputum and dyspnea on exertion, and this had developed 1 year previously. Chest CT scan and bronchoscopy revealed a foreign body crossing the tracheal lumen and the object arose from outside of the trachea; this was all associated with airway edema. We removed the foreign body, which was a 5cm length of glass fragment, and we repaired the tracheal defect using a simple primary suture. The postoperative course of the patient was uneventful and he is now being followed up at the outpatient department; he has had no additional symptoms.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.441-446
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• 2012

Objective : Shunt-dependent chronic hydrocephalus (SDCH) is known to be a major complication associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Old age is known to be one of numerous factors related to the development of SDCH. This study investigated whether postoperative cisternal drainage affects the incidence of SDCH and clinical outcome in elderly patients with aSAH. Methods : Fifty-nine patients participated in this study. All patients underwent aneurysmal clipping with cisternal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage. Clinical variables relevant to the study included age, sex, location of ruptured aneurysm, CT finding and clinical state on admission, clinical outcome, and CSF drainage. We first divided patients into two groups according to age (<70 years of age and ${\geq}70$ years of age) and compared the two groups. Secondly, we analyzed variables to find factors associated with SDCH in both groups (<70 years of age and ${\geq}70$ years of age). Results : Of 59 patients, SDCH was observed in 20 patients (33.9 %), who underwent shunt placement for treatment of hydrocephalus. Forty seven percent of cases of acute hydrocephalus developed SDCH. In the elderly group (${\geq}70$ years of age), the duration and amount of CSF drainage did not affect the development of chronic hydrocephalus. Conclusion : In elderly patients, although the incidence of SDCH was significantly higher, clinical outcome was acceptable. The duration and the amount of cisternal drainage did not seem to be related to subsequent development of chronic hydrocephalus within elderly patients aged 70 or older.

• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.44-44
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate humeral translation relative to the glenoid invivo during loaded and unloaded shoulder abduction. CT scans of 9 healthy shoulders were acquired and 3D models were created. The subject was positioned in front of a fluoroscope and motions were recorded during active abduction. The subjects performed two trials of holding a 3kg weight and unload. 3D motions were determined using model-based 3D-to-2D registration to obtain 6 degrees of freedom kinematics. Glenohumeral translation was determined by finding the location on the humeral head with the smallest separation from the glenoid. Humeral translation was referenced to the glenoid center in the superior/inferior direction. The humerus moved an average of 2 mm, from inferior to central on the glenoid, during arm abduction for both conditions. The humeral head was centered within 1mm from the glenoid center above $70^{\circ}$. There were no statistically significant differences for both conditions. The standard deviation decreased gradually over the motion, with significantly lower variability at the end of abduction compared to the initial unloaded position. We assumed that the humeral translation to the center of the glenoid provides maximum joint congruency for optimal shoulder function and joint longevity. We believe this information will lead to better strategies to prevent shoulder injuries, enhance rehabilitation, and improve surgical treatments.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.119-126
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• 1993

From 1988 to 1991, nineteen patients with unresectable localized pancreatic carcinoma were treated with radiotherapy and/or hyperthermia or in combination with chemotherapy. Radiation dose of 4500-5000 cGy with or without additional 500-1000 cGy was administered over 5 to 6 weeks to the pancreatic tumor area using 10 MV linear accelerator. Five of 19 patients were given chemotherapy, either neoadjuvant or maintenance setting with FAM regimen (5-FU, adriamycin and mitomycin C), which was repeated every 4 weeks for one year or until progression. Symptomatic palliation was achieved in 17 among 19 patients ($89{\%}$) and objective response (complete or partial response in CT finding) was achieved in 5 among 11 patients ($45{\%}$). The median survival time was 9 months and one-year survival rate, $32{\%}$. Local-regional failure was documented in 10 among 13 patients ($77{\%}$) and distant failures were found in the liver (3 patients) and carcinomatosis (2 patients). Prognostic significance of various factors such as age, sex, performance status, tumor location, stage, etc. were assessed. Any factors did not have the prognostic significance in univariate analysis. Treatment was well tolerated in most of the patients with only mild to moderate toxicity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.621-625
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• 1996

"Middle lobe syndrome" which was described y Graham and associates at first is always caused by ex- ternal bronchial compression by Iymph nodes. Although the patients may not present any symptom, the most common presenting symptoms were cough, dyspnea, fever, hemoptysis, and chest pain. Diagnostic procedures includ chest X-ray bronchoscopy, brochography, chest CT, and the principal finding is the contracted middle lobe which is usually airless. We experienced fifteen cases of middle lobe syndrome from April 1990 to May 1995. Eleven patients were treated surgically. The surgical candidates for middle lobe syndrome are suspicious malignancy, fixed bronchiectasis, bronchostenosis, intractable to medical treatment, recurrent infection. Operations were right middle lobectomy (8), right middle and lower bilobectomy (2), right upper and middle bilobectomy (1). Postoperative histological findings were tuberculosis in six, chronic inflammation in three, malignancy in one, and focal hemorrhage in one. There were two cases of postoperat ve complications which were postoperative atelectasis and hepatopathy.patopathy.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 1993

Drug abuse is widespread in worldwide and has been associated with neurologic complication. Zipeprol is one of the drugs which been abused for psychological satisfaction in some adolescents. This agent is non-opioid antitussive agent, which is not legally considered as being capable of creating dependence or abuse liability at therapeutic serum levels. But it has been reported that acute or chronic overdose create neurologic complication such as convulsion as well as dependence. Recently we experienced six zipeprol abusers who admitted due to convulsion and variable neurologic symptoms. The aim of our study was to determine the role of $^{99m}Tc$-HMPAO brain SPECT in those patients. EEG and brain CT showed no abnormal finding, but brain SPECT showed focal or multiple perfusion abnormalities in frontal, parietal, occipital cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus and especially at temporal cortex. These results suggest that brain SPECT may be a useful diagnostic tool to evaluate the cerebral dysfunction infused by zipeprol abuse.