• 산업기술연구
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• 제26권B호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2006

Capacity spectrum method(CSM) of ATC-40(1996) and displacement coefficient method(DCM)of FEMA-273(1997) are applied to evaluate the seismic performance of bridges. In this study, equivalent response is obtained from nonlinear static analysis for the 3spans continues bridge and nonlinear maximum displacement response is calculated using CSM and DCM. Nonlinear maximum displacement response of DCM is larger than this of CSM. It is method that DCM can evaluate target displacement and ductility of structural to be easy and simple, but tend to overestimate the maximum displacement response. Therefore, this method is mainly used at preparation design level to evaluate the structural response. It is not desirable to evaluate the seismic performance using DCM.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2007년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.205-210
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• 2007

The existing capacity spectrum method (CSM) is based on the displacement based approach for seismic performance and evaluation. Currently, in the domestic and overseas standard concerning seismic design, the CSM to obtain capacity spectrum from capacity curve and demand spectrum from elastic response spectrum is presented. In the multistory building, collapse is affected more by drift than by displacement, but the existing CSM does not work for story drift. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved CSM to estimate story drift of structures through seismic performance and evaluation. It uses the ductility factor in the A-T domain to obtain constant-ductility response spectrum from earthquake response of inelastic system using the drift and capacity curve from capacity analysis of structure.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.255-261
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• 1992

Chlorosulfonated polyethylene(CSM) was moisture-cure after treating them with silane coupling agents such as ${\gamma}-mercapto$ propyl trimethoxy silane, ${\gamma}-glycidoxy$ propyl triethoxy silane and methyl triethoxy silane, 3-(trimethoxy silyl) propyl methacrylate and 3-thiocyanopropyl triethoxy silane. The cure reaction is composed two steps. The first is the reaction between chlorosulfonyl groups of CSM and silane coupling agents. The second is the formation of cross-links which are siloxane linkage. The linkage is formed by the condensation of silanol groups which are produced by the hydrolysis of alkoxysilyl groups. CSM was mixed with MPS etc., and dilaurate dilaurate as catalyst on two open mill and the compounds were lured in hot water at $70^{\circ}C$ Physical properties of moisture-cured CSM was measured. CSM was effectively moisture-cured and r-mercapto propyl trimethoxy silane and r-glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane were capable of the vulcanizing agents.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.533-542
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 Gehring, CSM, NTNU 모델을 이용한 디스크 커터 수명 예측 방법과 각 모델이 가지는 특징을 살펴보았다. 디스크 커터 수명에 크게 영향을 주는 요소인 관입깊이, 암석의 일축압축강도, 마모지수의 변화가 각각의 예측 모델들에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 디스크 커터 수명은 1회전당 관입깊이에 선형적으로 증가하였고, 일축압축강도의 증가에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 마모지수인 CAI 값이 증가함에 따라 Gehring과 CSM 모델에서의 디스크 커터 수명은 감소하였으나, CLI 값이 증가할수록 NTNU 모델의 디스크 커터 수명은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 그리고 실제 현장 자료를 이용하여 디스크 커터 수명을 상호 비교하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.980-983
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• 2004

A 16 week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacement of soybean meal (SM) by extracted cottonseed meal (CSM) on laying performance and haemoglobin levels in practical diets for breeder Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). One hundred ninety two quails (6 weeks old) were divided randomly into eight groups. The diets were isocaloric containing 2,900 kcal/kg of ME and isonitrogenous (% 20 crude protein) as fed basis. SM was replaced by 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0 and 17.5% of CSM, respectively. Average egg production (quail day, %; quail house, %), egg weight (g), daily feed intake (g/bird), feed efficiency ratio (g feed/g egg) data indicated no significant differences among the treatments; while, blood haemoglobin levels (% g Hb) of 7th (15.0% CSM) and 8th (17.5% CSM) group were lower than the control (0% CSM) diet (p<0.05). This experiment indicated that 17.5% CSM could replace SM (providing 44% of SM protein) in practical diets of breeder Japanese quails without any significant impairment on laying performance.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2011

목 적: 일중선호도는 하루 중 어느 시간대에 각성도가 높고 활기찬 지에 대한 경향으로 아침형-저녁형이라고도 알려져있다. PER3 유전자는 일중선호도에 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 왔다. 본 연구에서 우리는 젊고 건강한 피험자들에서 환경과 혼란요인들을 통제하고 PER3 유전자 다형성과 일중선호도간에 연관을 연구하였다. 방 법: 연구에 참여한 대상자는 299명의 의과대학생들(남자 299, 여자 191명)이며 평균연령은 22.9세였다. 일중선호도는 13개 문항의 Composite Scale for Morningness (CSM)로 측정하였다. PER3 VNTR(rs57875989)의 유전자형분석은 중합효소연쇄반응법을 사용하여 이루어졌다. 양측검정으로 유의수준은 p<0.05로 하였다. 결 과: 전체 대상자에 대한 CSM 점수는 31.90${\pm}$6.39 (평균${\pm}$표준편차)였다. 남녀간에 CSM 총점에 유의한 차이는 없었다. PER3 5R/5R에서 CSM 점수가 높은 경향을 보였으나, PER3 VNTR(rs57875989) 유전자형과 대립유전자에 따른 CSM 점수의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론: 본 연구는 젊은 건강한 한국인에서 PER3 V- NTR과 일중선호도간의 연관을 입증하지 못했다. 향후 보다 대규모의 피험자들을 대상으로 PER3의 여러 유전자들에 대해 다형성과 일중선호도간의 연관에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.291-302
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• 2024

In this paper, iron ore tailings (IOT) were separated from the tailings field and used to prepare cement stabilized macadam (CSM) with porous basalt aggregate. First, the basic properties of the raw materials were studied. Porous basalt was replaced by IOT at ratios of 0, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %, and 100 % as fine aggregate to prepare CSM, and the effects of different cement dosage (4 %, 5 %, 6 %) on CSM performance were also investigated. CSM's durability and mechanical performance with ages of 7 d, 28 d, and 90 d were studied with the unconfined compression strength test, splitting tensile strength test, compressive modulus test and freeze-thaw test, respectively. The changes in Ca²⁺ content in CSM of different ages and different IOT ratios were analyzed by the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) titration method, and the micro-morphology of CSM with different ages and different IOT replaced ratio were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that with the same cement dosage, the strengths of the IOT-replaced CSM were weaker than that of the porous basalt aggregate at early stage, and the strength was highest at the replaced ratio of 60 %. With a cement dosage of 4 %, the unconfined compressive strength of CSM without IOT was increased by 6.78 % at ages from 28 d to 90 d, while the splitting tensile strength increased by 7.89 %. However, once the IOT replaced ratio reached 100 %, the values increased by about 76.24 % and 17.78 %, which was better than 0 % IOT. The CSM-IOT performed better than the porous basalt CSM at 90 d age. This means IOT can replace porous basalt fine aggregate as a pavement base.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1430-1438
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• 2012

The present experiment was conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) content, and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy in growing pigs fed diets containing one of ten cottonseed meals (CSM) collected from different provinces of China and to develop in vitro prediction equations for DE and ME content from chemical composition of the CSM samples. Twelve growing barrows with an initial body weight of $35.2{\pm}1.7$ kg were allotted to two $6{\times}6$ Latin square designs, with six barrows and six periods and six diets for each. A corn-dehulled soybean meal diet was used as the basal diet, and the other ten diets were formulated with corn, dehulled soybean meal and 19.20% CSM. The DE, ME and ATTD of gross energy among different CSM sources varied largely and ranged from 1,856 to 2,730 kcal/kg dry matter (DM), 1,778 to 2,534 kcal/kg DM, and 42.08 to 60.47%, respectively. Several chemical parameters were identified to predict the DE and ME values of CSM, and the accuracy of prediction models were also tested. The best fit equations were: DE, kcal/kg DM = 670.14+31.12 CP+659.15 EE with $R^2$ = 0.82, RSD = 172.02, p<0.05; and ME, kcal/kg DM = 843.98+25.03 CP+673.97 EE with $R^2$ = 0.84, RSD = 144.79, p<0.05. These results indicate that DE, ME values and ATTD of gross energy varied substantially among different CSM sources, and that some prediction equations can be applied to predict DE and ME in CSM with an acceptable accuracy.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.246-254
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 CSM 고무를 유화하기 위하여 계면화학적 성질을 이용한 반전유화법과 계면활성제로서 비이온 및 음이온 계면활성제를 혼합 사용하였다. 단독계면활성제를 사용하였을 때에는 에멀젼의 분리가 발생하였고, 비이온 계면활성제 Span 60과 음이온 계면활성제 SLS를 혼합 사용하는 경우에는 상의 분리가 발생하지 않았다. 그러므로 혼합계면활성제를 사용하여 제조한 에멀젼의 droplet size, 전단속도에 따른 점도 및 전단응력과 같은 유변학적 거동을 통하여 에멀젼의 안정성을 규명하였다. 혼합계면활성제의 양에 따라 droplet size는 감소하였고, 이에 점도는 증가하였으며, 전단속도에 따른 점도 및 전단응력 측정결과 각각 non-Newtonian 흐름인 shear thinning 거동과 항복응력 값을 보였다. 이러한 실험결과인 유변학적 거동으로부터 CSM 고무를 유화하기 위해서는 반전유화법과 혼합계면활성제를 사용함으로써 에멀젼의 안정성을 향상시켰음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2013

우주파편은 1957년 인류가 우주에 위성을 보내기 시작하면서 그 숫자가 급격하게 증가하고 있으며, 현재 미합동우주전략사령부(JSpOC, Joint Space Operations Center)에 의하면 지름 10cm 이상의 우주파편이 22,000개 이상이라고 알려지고 있다. 최근에는 중국이 자국의 위성을 미사일로 요격시킨 사건과 Iridium 33 및 Cosmos 2251 위성이 우주상공에서 서로 충돌한 사건이 발생함에 따라 아리랑 2호가 운영 중인 저궤도의 우주환경이 급격히 악화되고 있다. 미합동우주전략사령부는 15,000개 이상의 우주파편의 궤도정보를 이용하여 운영위성과의 충돌분석을 수행하고 있으며, 충돌 위험이 발생할 경우 해당 위성의 운영자에게 CSM(Conjunction Summary Message)이란 형식의 메시지를 제공하여 충돌분석 시 활용할 수 있도록 지원하고 있다. 본 논문은 JSpOC에서 제공하는 CSM의 아리랑2호 궤도데이터와 항우연이 관리하는 아리랑 2호의 정밀궤도 데이터와 비교하였으며, 아리랑 2호와 우주파편과의 충돌분석 결과를 도시하였다.