• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.224-232
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• 2015

CP 처리의 CBPE 필름의 물리화학적 특성 및 생분해 특성에 대한 영향을 연구하였다. CP 처리는 CBPE 필름의 인장 강도, 신장률, 그리고 광투과도와 같은 물리적 특성에는 영향을 주지 않았으나, air-CP 처리는 CBPE 필름의 유연성, 수분 방벽 특성, 그리고 인쇄적성을 향상시켰다. Air-CP 처리는 저장 중 CBPE 필름 표면의 조도와 O와 N 원소를 포함한 작용기의 양을 증가시켰고, 인쇄적성, 열분해성, 그리고 미생물 분해성을 향상시켰다. 본 연구에서 CP 처리 후 CBPE 필름 표면에서 보여지는 노화 현상을 XPS 결과를 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 CP 처리가 CBPE 필름을 비롯하여 다른 생분해성 식품 포장재의 물리적 특성과 생분해성을 향상시킬 수 있는 기술로서 적용될 수 있다는 가능성을 보여주었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.549-554
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• 1993

The CO substitution reactions in the complex, $Cp^*(C_5H_7)$CrCO with $PR_3(PR_3=PMePh_2,\;P(OCH_3)_3,\;PMe_2Ph)$ were investigated spectrophotometrically at various temperatures. For the reaction rates, it was suggested that the CO substitution reaction took place by first-order (dissociative) pathway. Activation parameters in decaline are ${\Delta}H^{\neq}= 21.99{\pm}2.4$ kcal/mol, ${\Delta}S^{\neq}= 8.9{\pm}7.1$ cal/mol·k. Unusually low value of ${\Delta}S^{\neq}$, suggested an ${\eta}^5-S{\to}\;{\eta}^5$-U conversion of the pentadienyl ligand. At various temperature, the rates of reaction for the Cp(pdl)CrCO complexes increase in the order $Cp^*(C_5H_7)$-CrCO < Cp$(C_5H_7)$CrCO < Cp(2,4-$C_5H_{11}$)CrCO, which can be attributed to the usual steric acceration or electronic influence for the ligand substitution of metal complexes. This suggestion was confirmed by the extended-Huckel molecular orbital (EHMO) calculations, which revealed that the energy of $[Cp^*(U-C_5H_7)Cr]^{\neq}$ transition state is about 4.93 kcal/mol lower than that of [Cp(S-$C_5H_7)Cr]^{\neq}$ transition state, and the arrangement of the overlap populations between Cr and the carbon of CO is $Cp^*(C_5H_7)$CrCO > Cp($C_5H_7$)CrCO > Cp(2,4-$C_7H_{11}$)CrCO.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2485-2489
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• 2014

In the present study, we studied the hypermethylation of the human riboflavin transporter 2 (hRFT2) gene and regulation of protein expression in biopsies from resected tissues from Uighur cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) patients and their neighboring normal tissues. hRFT2 gene promoter region methylation sequences were mapped in cervical cancer cell line SiHa by bisulfite-sequencing PCR and quantitative detection of methylated DNA from 30 pairs of Uighur's CSCCs and adjacent normal tissues by MassARRAY (Sequenom, San Diego, CA, USA) and hRFT2 protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In SiHa, we identified 2 CG sites methylated from all of 12CpG sites of the hRFT2 gene. Analysis of the data from quantitative analysis of single CpG site methylation by Sequenom MassARRAY platform showed that the methylation level between two CpG sites (CpG 2 and CpG 3) from CpG 1~12 showed significant differences between CSCC and neighboring normal tissues. However, the methylation level of whole target CpG fragments demonstrated no significant variation between CSCC ($0.476{\pm}0.020$) and neighboring normal tissues ($0.401{\pm}0.019$, p>0.05). There was a tendency for translocation the hRFT2 proteins from cytoplasm/membrane to nucleus in CSCC with increase in methylation of CpG 2 and CpG 3 in hRFT2gene promoter regions, which may relate to the genesis of CSCC. Our results suggested that epigenetic modifications are responsible for aberrant expression of the hRFT2 gene, and may help to understand mechanisms of cervical carcinogenesis.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2012

Immune cells express toll-like receptors (TLRs) and respond to molecular patterns of various pathogens. CpG motif in bacterial DNA activates innate and acquired immune systems through binding to TLR9 of immune cells. Several studies reported that CpG can directly regulate B cell activation, differentiation, and Ig production. However, the role of CpG in B cell growth and Ig production is not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed the effect of CpG on the kinetics of mouse B cell viability, proliferation, and Igs production. Overall, CpG enhanced mouse B cell growth and production of Igs in a dose-dependent manner. Unlike LPS, 100 nM CpG (high dose) did not support TGF-${\beta}1$-induced IgA and IgG2b production. Moreover, 100 nM CpG treatment abrogated either LPS-induced IgM or LPS/TGF-${\beta}1$-induced IgA and IgG2b production, although B cell growth was enhanced by CpG under the same culture conditions. We subsequently found that 10 nM CpG (low dose) is sufficient for B cell growth. Again, 10 nM CpG did not support TGF-${\beta}1$-induced IgA production but, interestingly enough, supported RA-induced IgA production. Further, 10 nM CpG, unlike 100 nM, neither abrogated the LPS/TGF-${\beta}1$- nor the LPS/RA-induced IgA production. Taken together, these results suggest that dose of CpG is critical in B cell growth and Igs production and the optimal dose of CpG cooperates with LPS in B cell activation and differentiation toward Igs production.

• 디지털콘텐츠
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• 2호통권129호
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• pp.70-74
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• 2004

국내 모바일게임 시장은 분명 고성장중이다. 하지만 일부 업체를 제외하고 CP들의 열악한 상황은 나아지지 않았다는 지적이 나온다. 모바일게임 시장은 커졌는데 주체인 CP들은 더욱 어려워진 모순은 어떻게 설명돼야 할까. 답은 쉽다. 지금의 문제가 1년 전, 2년 전의 문제였기 때문이다. CP가 많아 경쟁은 치열하고, 수익성은 개선되지않고, 부익부빈익빈 현상도 여전하다. 국내 모바일게임 업계의 문제점을 살펴봤다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.158-164
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• 1989

인삼엽소병(leaf-burning disease) 원인과 light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein(LHCP) complex의 solar energy 분배능력과의 상호 연관성을 조사하기 위한 기초 연구로써 인삼 thylakoid의 chlorophyll-protein(CP) complex의 조성 및 특징을 조사하였다. 인삼의 CP-complex는 non-denaturing SDS-PAGE 방법에 의해 4개 bands로 분리되었으며 각 band는 Bassi와 Dunahay의 결과에 따라 CPI(PSI의 reaction center와 LHCP I antennae), CP I(PSI reaction center), LHCP II(LHCP II)의 oligoform), 그리고 LHCP II(PS II antennae; CP29, CP26)로 확인되었다. 인삼의 LHCP II 는 양지식물인 spinach, soybean과 비교해 볼 때 오히려 인삼의 band intensity가 더 높았으며, CP I band는 인삼에서만 분리되었다. 인삼 CP-complex band의 absorption 및 fluorescence spectra, chlorophyll a.b ratio 에서도 비교식물과 차이를 나타내었다. Thylakoid membrane의 polypeptide 함량은 인삼에서 비교식물에 비해 현저히 낮은 polypeptide 함량은을 나타내었다. SDS-PAGE에 의한 polypeptide pattern은 band의 수나 band intensity에서 비교식물과 차이를 나타내었으며, 특히 29-35 kD, 55 kD과 60 kD 근치에서 현저한 band intensity 차이를 확인하였다. Specific $^1O_2$에 의해 chl. a가 60%, chl.b는 90%, 그리고 carotenoid는 70%가 파괴되는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.143-150
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• 1997

Transcription factor CP2 was identified initially to bind the promoter region of the murine a-globin gene and its activity was shown to increase 2 to 3 fold during the induced differentiation of murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells. To get further insight into the role of CP2 during development and differentiation, steady-state levels of CP2 message were monitored by using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and in situ hybridization assays in the cultured MEL cells and differentiating embryonic stem (ES) cells in vitro, and in fetal and adult mouse tissues. The amount of CP2 messages increased 3 to 5 fold during induced differentiation of MEL cells, suggesting that the increment of CP2 activity during induced differentiation of MEL cells is originated from the increase of transcription initiation. On the other hand, CP2 expression is not restricted to the erythroid lineage cells; CP2 expressed ubiquitously from the undifferentiated ES cells to adult tissue cells. CP2 transcript was observed even in the undifferentiated ES cells and the level of expression increased from day 8 of the differentiating embryoid bodies. RT-PCR assay in the total RNAs prepared from several tissues of the adult mouse also showed ubiquitous expression profile, although the levels of expression were variable among tissues. When non-radioactive in situ hybridization assay was performed to the paraffin-sectioned whole body mouse embryos at days 11.5, 13.5, and 16.5 after fertilization, variable amounts of positive signals were also detected in different tissues.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2008

Objectives : The main purpose of this research is to observe the effects of herbal acupuncture(HA; herbal acupuncture) with Chijadaehwangtang applied to the Gansu($BL_{18}$) on D-galactosamine-induced liver injury in rats. Methods : According to HA concentration, the experimental rats were divided 5 groups(control group, saline group, CP-1, CP-2, CP-3 group). In the control group, we first injected D-galactosamine and then didn't treated. In the saline group, we first injected D-galactosamine and then injected saline. In the CP-1, CP-2, CP-3 group, we first injected D-galactosamine and then injected HA with Chijadaehwangtang applied to the Gansu($BL_{18}$), each 25.3mg/kg, 12.7mg/kg, 5.1mg/kg. HA with Chijadaehwangtang was treated at $20{\mu}{\ell}$ every second day, total 10 times in 20 days. We observed the changes of $\gamma$-GTP, GOT, GPT, total bilirubin, LDH, ALP, total cholesterol, triglyceride, SOD, Catalase and hepatic tissues. Results : 1. In the changes of $\gamma$-GTP, GOT contents, as compared with control group, CP-2 group was significantly decreased. 2. In the changes of GPT content, CP-1, CP-2, CP-3 groups as compared with control group were significantly decreased. 3. In the changes of LDH content, CP-3 group as compared with control group was significantly decreased. 4. In the changes of ALP content, all groups as compared with control group were significantly decreased. 5. In the changes of SOD, Catalase contents, CP-2 group as compared with control group was significantly increased. 6. In the morphological and histopathological changes of hepatic tissues, CP-2, CP-3 groups as compared with control group were improved. Conclusions : we observed HA with Chijadaehwangtang applied to the Gansu($BL_{18}$) can be effective treatment on hematological recovery and regenerative process in morphological liver change. Further studies about their underlying mechanism and concentrations may be needed to use HA with Chijadaehwangtang for liver injury clinically.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.783-788
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• 2005

본 시험은 사료의 조단백질 수준이 육성기 흑염소의 발육과 육질에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 하기 위하여 흑염소 육성축 수컷 40두를 공시하여 조단백질 수준을 각각 달리하여 2004년 4월 19일부터 2004년 9월 13일까지 시험을 실시하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 일당증체량은 CP 14%, CP 18%구가 각각 84.0, 83.0g으로 CP 12%구 69.2g 보다 높았으며(P<0.05) CP 16%구는 80.9g으로 비슷한 경향이었다. 1일 사료섭취량은 농후사료와 볏짚 각각 590g, 45g 내외로 처리구간에 비슷하였고 증체 g당 사료요구율은 CP 14%, 16%, 18%구간에는 7.0-7.3으로 비슷하였으나 CP 12%구는 다소 높은 경향이었다. 도체율은 CP 12%구가 61.7%로 CP 14와 CP 18%구 보다 높았으나(P<0.05) CP 16%구와는 비슷하였다. 정육율은 CP 16%가 51.7%로 CP 12와 CP 14%구 보다 높았다(P<0.05). 지방율은 CP 12%구가 12.8% 높았으며(P<0.05) 뼈율은 17.0% 내외로 처리구간에 비슷하였다. 고기의 물리적 특성인 전단력과 가열 감량은 CP 16%구와 CP 14%구가 다른 처리구보다 다소 낮은 경향이었고 보수력은 CP 16%구가 CP 18%구 보다 높았다(P<0.05). 관능검사결과 다즙성은 CP 16%구가 CP 12%구 보다 우수하였으며(P<0.05) 연도도 다른 처리구에 비해 우수한 경향이었다. 이러한 결과를 종합적으로 고려할 때 육성기 흑염소의 발육과 육질개선을 위한 사료의 적정 조단백질 수준은 14-16%가 적합한 것으로 사료된다.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2013

Tributyltin hydride ($n-Bu_3SnH$), an endocrine disruptor, was slowly polymerized by the group 4 ${Cp^{\prime}}_2TiCl_2/N$-selectride (Cp' = $C_5H_5$, Cp; $Me-C_5H_4$, Me-Cp; $Me_5C_5$, $Cp^*$) catalyst combination to give two phases of products: one is an insoluble cross-linked solid, polystannane in 3-25% yield as minor product via disproportionation/dehydrocoupling combination process, and the other is an oil, hexabutyldistannane in 65-90% yield as major product via simple dehydrocoupling process. Disproportionation/dehydrocoupling process first produced a low-molecular-weight oligostannane possessing partial backbone Sn-H bonds which then underwent an extensive cross-linking reaction of backbone Sn-H bonds, resulting in the formation of an insoluble polystannane. The disproportionation/dehydrocoupling of a tertiary hydrostannane mediated by early transition metallocene/inorganic hydride is quite unusual and applicable.