• 보건의료생명과학 논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2021

본 연구는 코로나19 백신에 대한 대학생의 인식을 조사하기 위해 20세 이상 대학생 415명을 대상으로 구글설문을 이용한 설문조사를 수행하였다. 그 결과 집단면역을 위해 '코로나19 백신접종이 필요하다고 생각한다'는 결과가 평균 3.90으로, '백신접종의 필요성'은 65.8%가 인식하고 있었으나, '백신의 안전성'에 대해서는 35.4%가 부정적 평가를 보였다. 코로나19 백신접종 의향은 '순서가 오면 바로 접종할 것이다'가 34.7%로, 현재 코로나19 백신의 예방접종에 대해서는 긍정적이지 않았다. 백신접종을 원하지 않는 이유로는 '백신의 이상반응'이 65.3%, '백신 자체에 대한 불신'이 25.8%이었다. 또한 선진국과 저개발국가와의 백신공급을 불평등으로 인식하고 있었고, 코로나19 백신의 이상반응에 두려움을 느낀다는 평균 3.94로 조사되었다. 따라서 보다 효과적으로 코로나19 백신에 대한 정보를 습득할 수 있도록 대학생이 많이 사용하는 매체를 통한 홍보 방법의 연구, 플랫폼 개발 및 교육이 요구 된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제84권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2021

Several clinical trials are being conducted worldwide to investigate the protective effect of the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against death in healthcare providers who are working directly with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Clinical studies suggested that certain live vaccines, particularly the BCG vaccine, could reduce the mortality due to other diseases caused by non-targeted pathogens, most probably through the nonspecific effects (heterologous effects). By the end of May 2020, the available information on the COVID-19 pandemic indicated the great effect of the BCG vaccine in reducing the number of COVID-19 death cases. The occurrence of death due to COVID-19 was found to be 21-fold lower in countries with a national BCG vaccination policy than in countries without such a policy, based on the medians of COVID-19 death case per 1 million of the population in these two groups of countries (p<0.001, Mann-Whitney test). Therefore, it can be concluded that the early establishment of a BCG vaccination policy in any country is a key element in reducing the number of COVID-19 and tuberculosis death cases.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.39.1-39.15
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• 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination may non-specifically alter the host immune system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg) titer and host immunity in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Consecutive 2,797 CHB patients who had serial HBsAg measurements during antiviral treatment were included in this study. Changes in the HBsAg levels after COVID-19 vaccination were analyzed. The dynamics of NK cells following COVID-19 vaccination were also examined using serial blood samples collected prospectively from 25 healthy volunteers. Vaccinated CHB patients (n=2,329) had significantly lower HBsAg levels 1-30 days post-vaccination compared to baseline (median, -21.4 IU/ml from baseline), but the levels reverted to baseline by 91-180 days (median, -3.8 IU/ml). The velocity of the HBsAg decline was transiently accelerated within 30 days after vaccination (median velocity: -0.06, -0.39, and -0.04 log₁₀ IU/ml/year in pre-vaccination period, days 1-30, and days 31-90, respectively). In contrast, unvaccinated patients (n=468) had no change in HBsAg levels. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the frequency of NK cells expressing NKG2A, an NK inhibitory receptor, significantly decreased within 7 days after the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine (median, -13.1% from baseline; p<0.001). The decrease in the frequency of NKG2A⁺ NK cells was observed in the CD56^dimCD16⁺ NK cell population regardless of type of COVID-19 vaccine. COVID-19 vaccination leads to a rapid, transient decline in HBsAg titer and a decrease in the frequency of NKG2A⁺ NK cells.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2023

Purpose: Around 70% of the Iranian population had received two doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines by the end of 2021. In this study, we evaluated the reasons for vaccination refusal among people in Ahvaz, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 800 participants (400 vaccinated and 400 unvaccinated) were recruited. A demographic questionnaire was completed through interviews. The unvaccinated participants were asked about the reasons for their refusal. The Shapiro-Wilk test, independent t-test, chi-square test, and logistic regression were used for analyzing data. Results: Older people were 1.018 times more likely to refrain from vaccination (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.001-1.039; p=043). People who were manual workers as well as those who were unemployed/housewives were 0.288 and 0.423 times less likely to receive vaccination, respectively. Those with high school education and married women were 0.319 and 0.280 times less likely to receive vaccination, respectively (95% CI, 198-0.515; p<0.001; 95% CI, 0.186-0.422; p<0.001). Participants who had hypertension or suffered from neurological disorders were more likely to receive the vaccination. Finally, people affected with severe COVID-19 infection were 3.157 times more likely to get vaccinated (95% CI, 1.672-5.961; p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that lower level of education and older age were contributed to reluctance for vaccination, while having chronic diseases or being already infected with severe COVID-19 infection were associated with more acceptance of vaccination.

• 항공우주의학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.21-23
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• 2021

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination schedule is recommended by Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization of World Health Organization to achieve high efficacy and immunogenicity. However, the patients often cannot keep up their schedule for several reasons. Methods: Monthly numbers of visitors for HPV vaccination between 2019 and 2021 were analyzed to measure the impact of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak which was the main cause of this delay. Results: In February 2020, the number of foreign patients vaccinated with HPV was dropped suddenly due to COVID-19. Prior to this impact, the average patients per month for HPV vaccination was 160 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 143-176). It was then 30 (95% CI: 20-40). However recent trends show a gradual recovery. Conclusion: If a woman is pregnant after starting the HPV vaccine series, the reminder doses should be delayed until she is no longer pregnant. If this series is interrupted for any length of time, it can be resumed without restarting the series. HPV vaccine series need to be administered with a minimum interval of 14 days before or after administration of COVID-19 vaccines.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.363-373
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• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report one case of Korean medical treatment on a patient with psoriasis which had deteriorated since COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Methods : A patient with psoriasis was treated with herbal medicine, acupuncture, and moxibustion. Symptoms after vaccination were considered the main criteria for treatment. PASI, DLQI, VAS, and pictures were used as evaluation tools for psoriasis. Results : After treatment, the patient showed improvements in PASI, DLQI and VAS scores. PASI changed from 16 to 0, DLQI changed from 17 to 0, and VAS changed from 8 to 0. Conclusions : The findings of this case report suggest that Korean medicine may be an effective option for treating psoriasis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.

• 보건의료생명과학 논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.315-327
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• 2022

본 연구는 2021년 지역사회건강조사 자료를 활용하여, 인구사회학적 특성 및 건강상태 등 코로나백신 접종 영향 요인에 대해 분석하고, 코로나백신 접종여부에 따른 방역수칙의 준수 및 건강행태 영향, 감염에 대한 인식을 알아보았다. 연구대상자는 지역사회건강조사 대상자 중 203,449명으로 하였고, 분석은 카이제곱분석, 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 조사대상자 중 92.4%가 코로나백신접종을 하였고, 성별, 연령, 교육수준, 가구소득, 기초생활수급, 경제활동, 결혼상태, 미충족의료, 건강검진, 인플루엔자예방접종, 고혈압, 주관적 건강상태가 코로나백신 접종에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 코로나 백신 비실시군에서 방역수칙 및 건강행태 수준, 코로나 감염 염려가 백신 실시군보다 낮게 나타나 조사결과를 활용하여 코로나백신 접종 유도를 위한 정책수립, 교육 및 홍보 방법 등의 연구가 요구된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.172-175
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• 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a part of our lives now and we have no more effective way of coping than a vaccine. COVID-19 is a disease that causes severe thrombosis outside the respiratory tract. Vaccines also protect us in this respect, but in some rare cases, thrombosis has been found to develop after vaccination (much less frequently than COVID-19). What was interesting in our case was that it showed how a disaster could happen under three factors that predispose to thrombosis. A 65-year-old female patient with disseminated atherosclerosis was admitted to the intensive care unit with complaints of dyspnea and dysphasia. In the evening of the day, the patient had the vaccination 2 weeks ago, she had active COVID-19. On examination, lower extremity pulses could not be detected. The patient's imaging and blood tests were performed. Multiple complications such as embolic stroke, venous and arterial thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and pericarditis were observed in the patient. This case may give consideration to anticoagulant therapy studies. We give effective anticoagulant therapy in the presence of COVID-19 in patients at risk of thrombosis. Can anticoagulant therapy be considered after vaccination in patients at risk of thrombosis such as disseminated atherosclerosis?

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1938-1945
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• 2021

Breast radiologists are increasingly seeing patients with axillary adenopathy related to COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccination can cause levels I-III axillary as well as cervical lymphadenopathy. Appropriate management of vaccine-related adenopathy may vary depending on clinical context. In patients with current or past history of malignancy, vaccine-related adenopathy can be indistinguishable from nodal metastasis. This article presents imaging findings of oncology patients with adenopathy seen in the axilla or neck on cross-sectional imaging (breast MRI, CT, or PET-CT) after COVID-19 vaccination. Management approach and rationale is discussed, along with consideration on strategies to minimize false positives in vaccinated cancer patients. Time interval between vaccination and adenopathy seen on breast MRI, CT, or PET-CT is also reported.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.2-8
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• 2022

Humanity is in the midst of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and vaccines-including mRNA vaccines-have been developed at an unprecedented speed. It is necessary to develop guidelines for vaccination for people undergoing treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART) and for pregnancy-related situations based on the extant laboratory and clinical data. COVID-19 vaccines do not appear to adversely affect gametes, embryos, or implantation; therefore, active vaccination is recommended for women or men who are preparing for ART. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) for the treatment of immune-related infertility is unlikely to impact the effectiveness of the vaccines, so COVID-19 vaccines can be administered around ART cycles in which IVIG is scheduled. Pregnant women have been proven to be at risk of severe maternal and neonatal complications from COVID-19. It does not appear that COVID-19 vaccines harm pregnant women or fetuses; instead, they have been observed to deliver antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) to the fetus. Accordingly, it is recommended that pregnant women receive COVID-19 vaccination. There is no rationale for adverse effects, or clinical cases of adverse reactions, in mothers or neonates after COVID-19 vaccination in lactating women. Instead, antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 can be delivered through breast milk. Therefore, breastfeeding mothers should consider vaccination. In summary, active administration of COVID-19 vaccines will help ensure the safe implementation of ART, pregnancy, and breastfeeding.