• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제6권10호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2006

본 연구에서 연속회분식반응기(SBR)를 이용한 유기물질과 영양염류(N, P)처리가 수행되었다. 이 연구 결과들을 요약하면 다음과 같다. BOD는 $19.6{\sim}40.0mg/L$의 범위로 유입되고, 처리수는 $3.0{\sim}14.8mg/L$로 실험기간의 경과에 따라 점차 안정적으로 처리되었다. 이때의 제거율은 $47.9{\sim}88.4%$로 평균 80.0%로 안정적인 제거율을 보였다. 그리고 COD는 $12.2{\sim}32.0mg/L$의 범위로 유입되었으며, 처리수는 $3.3{\sim}18.6mg/L$로 제거율은 $19.2{\sim}78.6%$로 평균 57.3%의 제거율을 보였다. 하지만 79일 이후의 평균 COD 제거율은 70.2%로 안정적인 제거율은 보였다. T-N의 경우 유입농도는 $7.53{\sim}14.99mg/L$, 처리수는 초기 79일까지는 평균 6.59mg/L로 제거율이 평균 40.3%로 낮았지만 시스템이 정상화된 80일 이후는 평균 4.44mg/L로 처리되어 그 제거율이 56.4%로 나타났다. 또한 T-P의 경우는 유입수의 농도는 $0.77{\sim}1.91mg/L$, 처리수는 $0.26{\sim}1.53mg/L$으로 제거율이 $5.3{\sim}71.7%$로 상당히 큰 변화를 보였으며, 평균제거율은 42.6%로 나타났다. 이는 MLSS 증가를 위해 슬러지 인발을 하지 않았기 때문으로 판단된다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.587-595
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• 2000

국내 하수처리장에 적용되는 BNR(Biological Nutrients Removal) 공정의 효율저하 원인은 유입원수의 낮은 C/N비와 탄소 (Carbon source) 부족이 가장 큰 것으로 지적되어 왔다. 탄소원의 효율적인 공급을 위해 1차 슬러지 산 발효조(Acid fermenter)를 이용하여 SCFAs(Short-Chain Fatty Acids) 생성을 유도할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 side-stream의 산 발효조와 조합된 $A_2/O$ 프로세스를 운전하여 영양염류 제거에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 그 결과 산 발효조의 최대 SCFAs생성은 중온상의 SRT 4~5일에서 약 3.000mg/L(as COD), 대략 0.10~0.16 mg SCFA(as COD)/mg 1차 슬러지(as COD)로 나타났다. 또한 생성된 SCFAs의 성상비는 Acetic, Propionic, (iso)Butyric 및 (iso)Valeric이 1, 0.7, 0.5 그리고 0.6 순으로 나타났다. BNR공정의 side-stream 산 발효조 적용에 의한 영양염류 제거효율은 크게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. T-N은 인공하수(R1)의 경우 35% 정도의 낮은 처리효율을 나타냈으나 인공 SCFA 주입(R2) 및 발효산물 투입(R3)의 경우 제거효율 74%, 76%로 크게 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 Phosphate 는 R1의 경우 45% 의 처리효율을 나타냈으나 R2, R3의 경우 73~74% 정도로 양호한 처리효율을 나타냈다. 이는 발효산물 및 SCFA 주입에 의해 혐기조에서 인의 방출 및 호기조에서 과잉섭취가 잘 이루어졌기 때문으로 R3의 경우 인의 방출율은 $0.34g\;PO_4-P/g$ COD로 기존 연구와 비교해서 유사한 것으로 나타났다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2010

양성자 교환막 미생물연료전지(PEM-MFC)의 경우 양극의 표면적을 기준으로 유기물 제거능력을 산출하면 유기물 부하에 관계없이 $3.0gCOD/m^2$ 수준으로 나타났다. 또 안정적인 전압이 관찰된 시기의 쿨롱 효율은 22.4~23.4 %로 높지 않은 수준이었다. 양성자 교환막은 양성자뿐만 아니라 초산도 통과시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 양성자 교환막을 사용하지 않은 상향류식 미생물연료전지(ML-MFC)의 경우 다공성 RVC 전극을 사용한 관계로 전극의 외부면적당 유기물 제거능력은 $9.3{\sim}10.1gCOD/m^2{\cdot}d$로 나타났다. 이는 양성자 교환막을 사용한 경우에 비하여 3배 정도 높은 수준이다. 그러나 RVC 양극의 비표면적 차이에 따른 유기물 제거 능력 차이는 크지 않았다. ML-MFC의 경우 전기 발생이 안정적이지 못하였으며, 쿨롱 효율도 3.6~3.7 %로 매우 낮은 수준이었다. 전기 발생량이 안정적이지 못한 것은 음극에 성장한 미생물의 영향으로 판단된다. 이를 해결하기 위해 음극부의 공기주입량을 증가시키면 일시적으로 전기 발생이 증가하였으나 오래 지속되지 못하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2014

This study targets the pollutant removal of secondary effluent from final clarifiers in wastewater treatment plant using silver nanoparticles on activated carbon. The removal efficiency and treatment characteristics of pollutant are anlayzed by perfoming experiments using granular activated carbon with silver nanoparticles and ordinary granular activated carbon. The specific surface area of granular activated carbon with silver nanoparticles is smaller than that of ordinary granular activated carbon. However, the removal efficiency of $COD_{Mn}$, T-N and T-P in experiments using activated carbon with silver nanoparticles are higher than that in experiment using ordinary granular activated carbon. That means the case of activated carbon with silver nanoparticles is much better at treatment activity. In addition, activated carbon with silver nanoparticles has antimicrobial activity because there is no microbe on the surface of it after experiments.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.571-577
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• 2006

This study make a comparison between the phosphorus removal performance of FNR(Ferrous Nutrient Removal) process and A/O process by the laboratory experiments. For simultaneous removal of phosphorus, iron electrolysis was combined with oxic tank. Iron precipitation reactor on the electrochemical behaviors of phosphorus in the iron bed. The phosphorus removal in FNR process was more than A/O process. Iron salts produced by iron electrolysis might help to remove COD and nitrogen. And the demanded longer SRT is the more removes the removes COD, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Also, FNR process of sludge quantity more reduce than A/O process to input cohesive agents.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomass and lipid production of Chlorella vulgaris and its nutrient removal capability for treatment of brewery wastewater effluent. The results indicate that the maximum biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (91.43%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (83.11%) were removed by C. vulgaris with aeration in the absence of light. A maximum of 0.917 g/L of dry biomass was obtained with aeration in the dark conditions, which also demonstrated the highest amount of unsaturated fatty acids at 83.22%. However, the removal of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) with these aeration and light conditions was 9.7% and 11.86% greater than that of other conditions. The removal of BOD and COD and the production of biomass and lipids with aeration in the dark and the TN and TP removal with aeration and light were more effective than other conditions in the brewery wastewater effluent in the presence of C. vulgaris.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제2권
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• pp.33-44
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• 1982

This study mainly concentrated on the treatment of nightsoil by an anaerobic filter media process. Nightsoil has been one of the major water pollutants in this couotry. It represents high ROD and SS concentrations. A comprehensive laboratory study conducted at Kangwoon National University indicate: (1) In the case of anaerobic filter system, COD and BOD removal efficiencies were greatly influenced by hydraulic retention time(HRT), but SS removal efficiencies dropped slowly when HRT were 2~13 days. (2) COD removal efficiencies were 19% when HRT were 15 days, 14% when HRT were 8 days, 10% when HRT were 6 days, 9% when HRT were 4 days, 2% when HRT were 2 days. (3) BOD removal efficiencies were 23% when HRT were 15 days, 14% when HRT were 8 days, 18% when HRT were 6 days, 7% when HRT were 4 days, 5.8% when HRT were 2days. (4) SS removal efficiencies were 21%~25%(2~15 days HRT).

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2000

This research is about wastewater containing non-biodegradable TDI(Toluene Diisocyanate) that is treated by the activated carbon adsorption method. In the case of the Fenton oxidation process being applied to the existing process, optimal pH, reaction time, chemical dosing amount, removal rate, and cost were investigated. A pilot plant test was applied after finding optimal conditions with lab experiments. The optimal conditions were pH 3~5(COD removal rate 84~88%) and reaction time 30min~1hr. In higher $H_2O_2$ dosing amount, COD removal rate was a little higher. But there was little difference in the removal rate according to $FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ dosing amount. Treatment cost was economical in the case of the Fenton oxidation process being operated earlier than activated carbon adsorption system. But chemical dosing point, chemical mixing effect, chemical dosing amount, removal rate, and the cost of facility and others must be considered in practical process.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.319-321
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• 2003

This research was carried out to evaluate the removal efficiencies of CODcr and colour for the dyeing wastewater by ferrous solution in Fenton process. The results showed that COD was mainly removed by Fenton coagulation, where the ferric ions are formed in the initial step of Fenton reaction. On the other hand colour was removed by Fenton oxidation rather than Fenton coagulation. The removal mechanism of CODcr and colour was mainly coagulation by ferrous ion, ferric ion and Fenton oxidation. The removal efficiencies were dependent on the ferric ion amount at the beginning of the reaction. However the final removal efficiency of COD and colour was in the order of Fenton oxidation, ferric ion coagulation and ferrous ion coagulation. The reason of the highest removal efficiency by Fenton oxidation can be explained by the chain reactions with ferrous solution, ferric ion and hydrogen peroxide.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1997

Iron and manganese problems in ground water affect far more water systems than almost any other water quality concern. The purpose of this study is to find the optimum condition of ozonation for the removal of dissolved iron, manganese and other organics in the polluted ground water. We proposed 4mg/l, 8mg/l as optimum ozone dose for the removal of $Fe^{2+},{\;}Mn^{2+}$, respectively. The removal efficiencies of $COD_{Mn}$ and $COD_{Cr}$ in ozone dose of 2mg/l - 6mg/l were about 40-50%. The removal efficiency of $NH_{3}-N$ was about 30-40% at pH8.5. In conclusion, it needs further systematic study and research concerned to treatability of $Fe^{2+},{\;}Mn^{2+}$ and biodegradability of organic compounds using Ozonation followed by biological filtration process in ground water treatment train.