• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.215-216
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• 2012

Emissions of CO₂ occur during the production of cement manufacturing process. During the production of clinker, limestone is mainly calcium carbonate, is heated to produce lime and CO₂ as a by-product. It has a major problem, CO₂ uptake is not considered in concrete carbonation, just focus in CO₂ emission. This study is to develop a simulation model for CO₂ uptakes in concrete structures based on carbonation reduction coefficient considering finishing materials. CO₂ uptakes unit of concrete cubic meter is calculated by CO₂ emissions unit of concrete materials and usage of concrete materials in mix proportion. From the simulation result, CO₂ uptake ratios is 2.04 percent in carbonation models of concrete structure during 40 years.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.427-440
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• 2023

The current study evaluated carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from beef and pork production and distribution chains in the South Korean meat industry. Data from industrial example farms and slaughterhouses were assessed on the basis of both the guidelines from the United Kingdom's Publicly Available Specification (PAS) 2050:2011 and the Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute carbon footprint calculation. The main factors for our estimations were animal feeds, manure waste, transportation, energy and water, refrigerants, and package data. Our analyses show that 16.55 kg CO₂ equivalent (eq) was emitted during the production of 1 kg of live cattle. When retail yields and packing processes were considered, the CO₂-eq of 1 kg of packaged Hanwoo beef was 27.86 kg. As for pigs, emissions from 1 kg of live pigs and packaged pork meat were 2.62 and 12.75 kg CO₂-eq, respectively. While we gathered data from only two farms and slaughterhouses and our findings can therefore not be extrapolated to all meats produced in the South Korean meat industry, they indicate that manure waste is the greatest factor affecting ultimate CO₂ emissions of packaged meats.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.25-31
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• 1970

Tissue homogenates of Ehrlich ascites tumor tissues and several normal tissue of mice were incubated separately in medium maintaining $C^{14}$_acetate concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 mg%, in order to determine maximum oxidative rates of acetate. In every incubation experiments, respiratory $CO_2$ samples rapped by alkaline which was placed in the center well of the incubation blask were analyzed for total $CO_2$ Production rates and their radoactivies. The fractions of $CO_2$ from medium acetate to total $CO_2$ production rate were obtained with relative specific activities (RSA) which were calculated by ratio between specific activities (SA) of $CO_2$ and medium $CO^{14}$_acetate and $CO_2$ production rates from medium acetate were calculated from RSA and total $CO_2$ production rates. Maximum plateau values of oxidative rates described above were determined at incubation experiments of various concentrations of medium acetate and compared the oxidative rates of acetate of tumor with those of normal tissues such as kidney, brain and liver. Maximum plateau values of total $CO_{2}$ Production rates were obtained at acetate concentration of 20 mg% and represent $25.0{\pm}0.54\;{\mu}M/hr/gm$ in the brain, $16.3{\pm}2.5$ in the kidney, $9.1{\pm}1.78$ in the liver and $11.5{\pm}3.2\;{\mu}M/hr/gm$ in the ascites tuners. Substancial $CO_2$ yield was observed in the tumor tissues as in the normal tissues. On the other hand, plateau values of RSA were $25.7{\pm}1.04%$ in thee brain, $9.1{\pm}0.72%$ in the kidney, $2.5{\pm}0.73%$ in the liver and $0.51{\pm}0.12%$ in the tumor tissues. $CO_2$ yields from the medium acetate, were 4.19 in the kidney, 2.28 in the brain, 0.228 in the liter and $0.059\;{\mu}M/hr/gm$ in the tumor tissue. These show wide range even in the normal tissue but remarkable decrease in the tumor tissue. This fact means that further oxidation of acetate was inhibited remarkably in the tumor tissue.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2008

Anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure and food waste for biogas production was performed in serum bottles at 2% volatile solids(VS) concentration and various mixing ratios of two substrates(swine manure: food waste = 100 : 0 $\sim$ 0 : 100). Through kinetic mode of surface methodology, the methane production was fitted to a Gompertz equation. The specific methane production potential of swine manure alone was lower than that of food waste. However, maximum methane production potential increased up to 1.09-1.22% as food waste composition increased up to the 80%. The maximum methane production value of food waste was 544.52 mL/g VS. It was observed that the maximum methane production potential of 601.86 mL/g VS was found at the mixing ratio of 40:60.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2024

The cement industry emits a large amount of greenhouse gases compared to other industries, with about 60% of CO₂ emissions from the decarbonation of limestone and about 40% from the combustion of fossil fuels. Therefore, the cement industry needs to reduce greenhouse gases through carbon capture, utilization, and storage technology. Capturing CO₂ and synthesizing it into methanol is feasible and also useful as raw material for the chemical industry and as marine fuel. In this study, We aimed to produce methanol from syngas produced by capturing CO₂ emissions. Process simulations were performed under various conditions such as syngas ratio, temperature, and pressure for the production of synthesis gas and methanol, and the results showed that the optimal amount of methanol production at a synthesis gas ratio of 2.03.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2017

Maximum production of isoquercetin and quercetin simultaneously from rutin by subcritical water hydrolysis (SWH) was optimized using the response surface methodology. Hydrolysis parameters such as temperature, time, and $CO_2$ pressure were selected as independent variables, and isoquercetin and quercetin yields were selected as dependent variables. The regression models of the yield of isoquercetin and quercetin were valid due to the high F-value and low P-value. Furthermore, the high regression coefficient indicated that the polynomial model equation provides a good approximation of experimental results. In maximum production of isoquercetin from rutin, the hydrolysis temperature was the major factor, and the temperature or time can be lower if the $CO_2$ pressure was increased high enough, thereby preventing the degradation of isoquercetin into quercetin. The yield of quercetin was considerably influenced by temperature instead of time and $CO_2$ pressure. The optimal condition for maximum production of isoquercetin and quercetin simultaneously was temperature of $171.4^{\circ}C$, time of 10.0 min, and $CO_2$ pressure of 11.0 MPa, where the predicted maximum yields of isoquercetin and quercetin were 13.7% and 53.3%, respectively. Hydrolysis temperature, time, and $CO_2$ pressure for maximum production of isoquercetin were lower than those of quercetin. Thermal degradation products such as protocatechuic acid and 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone were observed due to pyrolysis at high temperature. It was concluded that rutin can be easily converted into isoquercetin and quercetin by SWH under $CO_2$ pressure, and this result can be applied for SWH of rutin-rich foodstuffs.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.360-363
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• 2000

The anaerobic bacterium P. productus was known to produce acetate from CO, $CO_2$ and $H_2$. In this research the production of acetate at high concentration from carbon monoxide was studied. In this research the effect of $CO_2$, $H_2$, and CODH co-factor on cell growth and acetate production was studied. Also the toxicity of acetate on cell growth was examined. Acetate formation in lab scale fermenter was tested and specific acetate production rate of $0.43\;g/L \;{\cdot}\;hr\;{\cdot}\;O.D.$ was obtained and the concentration of the acetate obtained in a fermenter higher than 40g/L.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.346-349
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• 2010

Coenzyme $Q_{10}$ ($CoQ_{10}$) production from Rhizobium radiobacter T6102 was monitored under various oxygen supply conditions by controlling the agitation speeds, aeration rates, and dissolved oxygen levels. As the results, the $CoQ_{10}$ production was enhanced by limited oxygen supply. To investigate whether the $CoQ_{10}$ production is associated with its physiological functions of electron carrier and antioxidant, the effects of sodium azide and hydrogen peroxide on the $CoQ_{10}$ production were studied, showing that the $CoQ_{10}$ contents were slightly enhanced with increasing sodium azide (up to 0.4 mM) and hydrogen peroxide (up to $10\;{\mu}M$) concentrations. These results suggest the plausible mechanism where the limited electron transfer stimulating the environments of limited oxygen supply and oxidative stress could accumulate the $CoQ_{10}$, providing the relationship between the $CoQ_{10}$ physiological functions and its regulation system.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.246-255
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• 2016

Co-production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) was suggested as an innovative strategy to overcome several limitations occurring in the single production of 3-HP from glycerol. In this study, two new isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, which produce less lipopolysaccharide (LPS) thus considered less pathogenic than K. pneumoniae DSM 2026, were compared and evaluated for their potential for the co-production of 3-HP and 1,3-PDO. The newly isolated strains showed significantly faster sedimentation rate than DSM, which should be beneficial for downstream processing. Analysis of genome sequences of the isolates confirmed the presence of all genes necessary for glycerol assimilation, 1,3-PDO production and biosynthesis of coenzyme $B_{12}$. Co-production yield was highest under anaerobic condition while cell growth was highest under aerobic condition. Both strains showed similarly good performance for the co-production although J2B gave the slightly higher co-production yield of 0.80 mol/mol than GSC021 (0.75 mol/mol). The evaluation of the newly developed strains presented here should be useful in designing similar evaluation experiments for other microorganisms.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.599-607
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• 2018

Objectives: Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) may be one of the biggest causes of climate change. The purposes of this study were to reduce greenhouse gases and to increase strawberry production by developing the supply devices in livestock facilities using the membrane technology Methods: Carbon dioxide was collected from beside to livestock facilities. The injection of $CO_2$ was stopped when it reached 1,000 ppm in the facility house. Case group with injection of $CO_2$ was compared to control group with normal environment. The experiments were conducted for 8 days from December 11, 2017. Results: Total strawberry production was found to be 1,317 kg in the case group and 1,176 kg in the control group. The correlation between $CO_2$ and crop yields has led to some statistical evidence that carbon dioxide helps to grow (${\beta}=0.832$, p<0.05). Conclusions: This study identified the potential for efforts to reduce the $CO_2$ in farming households. Increased concentrations of $CO_2$ have shown that strawberries have a better growth condition. In addition, it can be explained that the plants need wide leaves to quickly absorb much $CO_2$.