• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2017

This study was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profiles and resistance genes in 62 Escherichia coli isolated from dogs and cats hospitalized at animal hospitals in Daegu. E. coli isolates showed high resistance to nalidixic acid (46.8%) and ampicillin (45.2%). Resistance to the other antimicrobial agents was less than 30%, and no resistant isolates were detected for imipenem and amikacin. Of the 28 ampicillin-resistant isolates, TEM and CTX-M genes were detected in 16 (57.1%) and 11 (39.3%), respectively. The aadA gene was found in 4 (26.7%) of 15 gentamicin-resistant isolates, and strA-strB gene was found in 10 (66.7%) isolates. The sul I and sul II genes were detected in 11 (61.1%) and 14 (77.8%) of 18 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant isolates, and tetB gene in 9 (81.8%) of 11 minocycline-resistant isolates, and cmlA gene in 2 (22.2%) of 8 chloramphenicol-resistant isolates. The qnrB and qnrS genes were found in 3 (10.3%) and 1 (3.4%) of 28 nalidixic acid-resistant isolates, respectively. Whereas, none of the SHV, CMY-2, tetA, dfr Ia and dfr VII, and qnrA genes were found. Our results show a wide variety of resistance genes in E. coli isolates from dogs and cats. This study also represents the first report of qnrB and qnrS gene producing E. coli isolates from dogs in republic of Korea.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.80-87
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• 2006

Leukemias are common worldwide. Wilms'tumor1 (WT1) protein is highly expressed in leukemic blast cells of myeloid and lymphoid origin. Thus, WT1 mRNA serves as a tumor marker for leukemias detection and monitoring disease progression. Curcumin is well known for its anticancer property. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin on WT1 gene expression in patient leukemic cells. The leukemic cells were collected from 70 childhood leukemia patients admitted at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, in the period July 2003 to February 2005. There were 58 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 10 cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and 2 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). There were 41 males and 29 females ranging from 1 to 15 years old. Leukemic cells were cultured in the presence or absence of 10 mM curcumin for 48 h. WT1 mRNA levels were determined by RT-PCR. The result showed that curcumin reduced WT1 gene expression in the cells from 35 patients (50%). It affected the WT1 gene expression in 4 of 8 relapsed cases (50%), 12 of 24 cases of drug maintenance (50%), 7 of 16 cases of completed treatment (44%), and 12 of 22 cases of new patients (54%). The basal expression levels of WT1 gene in leukemic patient cells as compared to that of K562 cells were classified as low level (1-20%) in 6 of 20 cases (30%), medium level (21-60%) in 12 of 21 cases (57%), and high level (61-100%) in 17 of 23 cases (74%). In summary, curcumin decreased WT1 mRNA in patient leukemic cells. Thus, curcumin treatment may provide a lead for clinical treatment in leukemic patients in the future.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.159-165
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• 2000

Subsequent to an allogenic stem cell transplantation(ASCT) on patients with hematologic malignancy(AML, ALL, CML, multiple myeloma, lymphoma etc.), chronic GVHD(graft versus host disease), which is an immunological reaction, occurs. With treatment results from patients who were diagnosed with ALL(acute lymphocytic leukemia), undergone BMT(bone marrow transplantation) and showed oral and skin lesions due to GVHD, treatment of oral manifestations of leukemia and its general management were studied. 90% of patients with chronic GVHD show change in the oral mucosa causing oral manifestations such as leukoplakia, lichenoid change of the oral mucosa, mucosal atrophy, erythema, ulceration and xerostomia. In treating GVHD, extensive systemic immunosuppression cause bacterial, viral, fungal infection that are fatal, and even if the treatment is successful, the patient is already in a severe immunosuppressed state. Therefore, localized target therapy is preferred. In another words, topical application(rinse, cream, ointment etc.) of cyclosporin and steroid in treating oral chronic GVHD is highly recommended, and the use of PUVA(Psoralen Ultraviolet A) and thalidomide is reported to be effective. In treating such diseases, dental treatment to control pain and prevent secondary infection of oral manifestations is very important. To those patients with systemic diseases who show limited effect by general dental treatment, non-invasive treatment such as the dental laser, in addition to the use of drugs, may be necessary to actively treat pain and help the healing process. For greater results, new effective methods are to be developed for treatment.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.153-161
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• 2022

Cotoneaster mongolicus Pojark. (CM), in the family Rosaceae is an endemic plant to the Mongolian region (its name: Moнroл чapraй). In Mongolia, Cotoneaster species as a crude drug is mainly used for inflammatory diseases, diarrhea, and stomach indigestion. In this study, we evaluated the gastro-protective activity underlying mechanism of CM. For in vivo experiments, mice were divided into 5 groups; normal mice (Normal), gastritis mice (Control), gastritis mice treated with sucralfate 10 mg/kg (SC), gastritis mice treated with CM 100 mg/kg (CML), gastritis mice treated with CM 200 mg/kg (CMH). Gastritis was provoked by HCl/ethanol (60% ethanol in 150 mM HCl). After oral administration of each drug, HCl/ethanol was orally administered 90 mins later to induce gastritis. CM alleviated the damage to the gastric mucosa caused. As a result of confirming the expression of protein in gastric tissue through western blot, CM significantly reduced the expression of NF-κB activated due to gastritis. Also, it significantly modulated the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway. These results indicate that CM not only inhibits the nuclear metastasis of NF-𝛋B but also modulates the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway to relieve inflammation of the gastric mucosa.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.8-18
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• 2022

With rapid industrialization and population growth, fossil fuel use has increased, which has a significant impact on the environment. Hydrogen does not cause contamination in the energy production process, so it seems to be a solution, but it is essential to find an appropriate storage method due to its low efficiency. In this study, Mg-based alloys capable of ensuring safety and high volume and hydrogen storage density per weight was studied, and Mg₂NiH_x synthesized with Ni capable of improving hydrogenation kinetics. In addition, in order to improve thermal stability, a hydrogen storage composite material synthesized with CaO was synthesized to analyze the change in hydrogenation reaction. In order to analyze the changes in the metallurgical properties of the materials through the process, XRD, SEM, BET, etc. were conducted, and hydrogenation behavior was confirmed by TGA and hydrogenation kinetics analysis. In addition, in order to evaluate the impact of the process on the environment, the environmental impact was evaluated through "Material Life Cycle Assessments" based on CML 2001 and EI99' methodologies, and compared and analyzed with previous studies. As a result, the synthesis of CaO caused additional power consumption, which had a significant impact on global warming, and further research is required to improve this.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.148-157
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• 2022

Research on hydrogen storage is active to properly deal with hydrogen, which is considered a next-generation energy medium. In particular, research on metal hydride with excellent safety and energy efficiency has attracted attention, and among them, magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys have been studied for a long time due to their high storage density, low cost, and abundance. However, Mg-based alloys require high temperature conditions due to strong binding enthalpy, and have many difficulties due to slow hydrogenation kinetics and reduction in hydrogen storage capacity due to oxidation, and various strategies have been proposed for this. This research manufactured Mg₂Ni to improve hydrogenation kinetics and synthesize about 5, 10, 20 wt% of CaF₂ as a catalyst for controlling oxidation. Mg₂NiHx-CaF₂ produced by hydrogen induced mechanical alloying analyzed hydrogenation kinetics through an automatic PCT measurement system under conditions of 423 K, 523 K, and 623 K. In addition, material life cycle assessment was conducted through Gabi software and CML 2001 and Eco-Indicator 99' methodology, and the environmental impact characteristics of the manufacturing process of the composites were analyzed. In conclusion, it was found that the effects of resource depletion (ARD) and fossil fuels had a higher burden than other impact categories.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.11-23
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• 2009

Chromosomal rearrangements are major pathology in hematological malignancies. The detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) for these gene rearrangements helps in monitoring treatment outcomes and predicting prognosis of patients. Recently, quantification of these gene transcripts based on real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) has been used as MRD detection. The purpose of this study is to ensure the usefulness of the RQ-PCR technique for detecting MRD in hamatological malignancy patients. The patients had been diagnosed to AML1-ETO positive AML, PML-RARa positive AML and BCR-ABL positive MPN at Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital from Jan. 2006 to Aug. 2008. The fusion transcript was quntified by RQ-PCR and analyzed in comparison to conventional cytogenetics, FISH and RT-PCR. The fusion gene transcript was quantified by RQ-PCR in 57 samples from 14 patients with AML1-ETO positive AML, 79 samples from 27 patients with PML-RARa positive AML and 108 samples from 36 patients with CML. At diagnosis, the quantitative fusion transcripts for AM1-ETO, PML-RARa and BCR-ABL showed the range of 0.485552651~10.82233683 (mean 3.782217131, SD 2.998052348), 0.005300395~0.29267494 (mean 0.056901315, SD 0.080131381) and 0.1293929~12.94826849 (mean 1.701935665, SD 2.200913158). The increase of AML1-ETO fusion gene transcripts preceded morphologic relapse in two patients. Quantification of fusion gene transcripts by RQ-PCR could detected MRD in samples which were negative by in cytogenetic analysis or FISH. Our findings indicated that quantitative analysis of AML1-ETO, PML-RARa and BCR-ABL transcripts by RQ-PCR might be a useful tool for the monitoring of minimal residual disease in hematological malignancies.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.261-266
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• 1992

We analyzed retrospectively the patients of granulocytic sarcoma treated with radiotherapy at the Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine from Mar 1987 to Mar.1992 in an attempt to review our experience with irradiation of granulocytic sarcoma and to evaluate the treatment results for the radiation dose response. Fourteen lesions of granulocytic sarcoma in 9 patients were developed in variable clinical settings such as AML, CML and without leukemia. The involved lesions were bone, lymph node, soft tissue and skin in descending order of occurrence. All of the lesions in 9 patients were treated with external beam radiotherapy (Co-60 or electron beam). Both age distribution and clinical settings did not show any correlation with the response to treatment. The response to treatment seemed to be better for lesions in the bone than in other involved lesions. The majority received local irradiation of a total dose of more than 2000 cGy. Radiation dose of more than 2000 cGy showed excellent local control of $100\%$, (11/11), while local control decreased to $33\%$(1/3) with total dose less than 2000 cGy. In conclusion, local radiotherapy seems to be very effective for palliative or curative aim of granulocytic sarcoma, and a radiation dose more than 2000 cGy is highly recommended.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.237-241
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• 2007

Purpose: Patients with hematologic diseases such as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) or chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) are known to have an increased chance of acquiring a secondary neoplasm. Stomach cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in Korea, and we investigated whether the incidence of secondary stomach cancer in patients with a hematologic disease increases, in order to determine if a more intensive screening program for detecting secondary gastric cancer was required. We also investigated the safety of performing a gastrectomy in hematologic disease patients. Materials and Methods: From 1992 to 2006, the medical records of 8376 patients diagnosed with one of the six common hematologic diseases were reviewed. Results: Nine secondary stomach cancers were found among the 8376 patients during the 15-year observation period. No surgical-related complications occurred, and there was no recurrence of stomach cancer if detected early. Conclusion: It seems that a more intensive screening program for detecting secondary gastric cancer in hematologic disease patients is not required, and surgery is not risky in these patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.3309-3315
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• 2016

Helicobacter pylori as the second most common cause of gastric cancer in the world infects approximately half of the developed countries population and 80% of the population living in developing countries. Integrons as genetic reservoirs play major roles in dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report carriage of class 1 and 2 integrons and associated gene cassettes in H. pylori isolates from Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran among 110 patients with H. pylori infection. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for H. pylori strains were assessed by the micro broth dilution method. Class 1 and 2 integrons were detected using PCR. In order to determine gene cassettes, amplified fragments were subjected to DNA sequencing of both amplicon strands. The prevalence of resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, rifampin, and levofloxacin were 68.2% (n=75), 25.5% (n=28), 24.5% (n=27), 19.1% (n=21), 18.2% (n=20) and 16.4% (n=18), respectively. Frequency of multidrug resistance among H. pylori isolates was 12.7%. Class 2 integron was detected in 50 (45.5%) and class 1 integron in 10 (9.1%) H. pylori isolates. The most predominant gene cassette arrays in class 2 integron-bearing H. pylori were included sat-era-aadA1, dfrA1-sat2-aadA1, blaoxa2 and, aadB whereas common gene cassette arrays in class 1 integron were aadB-aadA1-cmlA6, aacA4, blaoxa2, and catB3. The high frequency of class 2 integron and multidrug resistance in the present study should be considered as a warning for clinicians that continuous surveillance is necessary to prevent the further spread of resistant isolates.