• 제목/요약/키워드: CLPP

검색결과 12건 처리시간 0.042초

수돗물속에서 관재질에 따른 생물막의 CLPP (CLPP of Biofilm on Different Pipe Materials in Drinking Water Distribution System)

  • 이동근;이재화;이상현;하배진;하종명
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.891-894
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    • 2004
  • 배급수관망에 사용되는 아연도강관과 탄소강관이, 수돗물속에서 생장시키는 생물막의 세균농도와 미생물군집의 양상을 비교하기 위하여 Biolog GN plate를 이용한 CLPP를 수행하였다. 세균농도는 $10^4\;-\;10^6\;CFU/cm^2$이었고, 탄소강관과 아연도강관에 따른 생물막의 세균농도는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 평균적인 발색양상은 비슷하였지만 개별적인 CLPP 양상은 재질과 시기에 따라 다른 것으로 나타나, 미생물군집의 양상이 시간과 재질에 따라 다른 것을 알 수 있었다.

유리잔류염소와 모노클로라민에서의 생물막의 CLPP (CLPP of Biofilm in Free Chlorine Residual and Monochloramine)

  • 이동근
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.147-151
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    • 2005
  • The disinfection effect of free residual chlorine and monochloramine on biofilm communities were investigated by CLPP (community level physiology profile) using Biolog GN plates. Low concentration of disinfectant, $0.5\;mg/\iota$ free chlorine and $1.0\;mg/\iota$ monochloramine, stimulated the growth of bacteria rather than disinfection. Bacterial concentrations were decreased at more than $1.0\;mg/\iota$ of disinfectants. CLPP was different with the type and concentration of disinfectant and sampling time. Common and different carbon sources were actively used with similar bacterial concentration in free chlorine and monochloramine. This represents the differences of bacterial communities with tap water contact times and disinfectant.

시용 유기물을 달리한 토양에서 미생물 군락의 효소활성과 기능적 다양성의 계절적 변화 (Seasonal Dynamics of Enzymetic Activities and Functional Diversity in Soils under Different Organic Managements)

  • 박기춘
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.307-316
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    • 2009
  • 토양 개량을 위해 시용하는 유기물은 종류에 따라서 토양미생물 활성과 다양성에 미치는 영향을 다르며 그 효과는 계절적인 영향을 크게 받는다. 도시 가로수 폐기물 퇴비, 가금류 분뇨, 귀리와 레드 클로버의 피복작물이 토양 효소활성과 토양 미생물의 생리적 군락(CLPP) 특성에 미치는 영향을 미국 미주리 주의 사양토에서 조사하였다. 이들 토양 조사 항목들의 계절적 변화 패턴을 조사하기 위해서 2년간 봄부터 가을까지 토양을 매년 5회 채취하였다. 나무 폐기물 퇴비는 시용 3달 후부터 탈수소효소의 활성을 증가시키기 시작하였다. fluorescein diacetate (FDA) 수화도는 첫 해의 9월부터 증가하기 시작했으나 그 이후 변화가 심하였다. 탈수수효소의 활성은 FDA 소화도에 비하여 토양 유기물의 량이나 특성에 더 직접적으로 반응하였다. 반면에 FDA 수화도나 CLPP는 일반적으로 유기물의 구성 성분에 반응하였고, 효소활성과 CLPP 모두 계절에 따른 변화가 심하였다. 계절에 따른 변화는 유기물과 토양 수분함량의 차이에 기인한 것으로 보였다. 도시 가로수 폐기물 퇴비는 일반적인 토양 미생물 활성을 증가시키는데 효과적이었고 녹비는 토양 미생물 군락의 다양성을 변화시키는데 효과적이었다. 그리고 토양 미생물 활성과 다양성은 계절적 변화가 심하고 그 정도는 시용하는 유기물의 종류에 따라서 차이가 있으므로 토양의 미생물 특성을 조사할 때에는 작물의 재배기간 동안 여러 번 실시할 필요가 있다.

수도관 재질에 따른 생물막 형성 미생물의 Community-Level Physiological Profile(CLPP) 특성 (Characteristics of Community-Level Physiological Profile (CLPP) of Biofilm Microorganisms Formed on Different Drinking Water Distribution Pipe Materials)

  • 박세근;이현동;김영관
    • 상하수도학회지
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.431-441
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    • 2006
  • This study investigated the physiological characteristics of biofilm microorganisms formed onto the different drinking water distribution pipe surfaces. The simulated drinking water distribution pipe system which had several PVC, STS 304, and GS coupons was operated at flow velocity of 0.08 m/sec (Re 1,950) and 0.28 m/sec (Re 7,300), respectively. At velocity of 0.08 m/sec, the number of viable heterotrophic bacteria in the biofilm over the 3 months of operation averaged $3.3{\times}10^4$, $8.7{\times}10^4$, and $7.2{\times}10^3CFU/cm^2$ for PVC, STS, and GS surfaces, respectively. The number of attached heterotrophic bacteria averaged $1.4{\times}10^3$, $5.6{\times}10^2$, and $6.5{\times}10^2CFU/cm^2$ on PVC, STS, and GS surfaces at the system with relatively high flow velocity of 0.28m/sec. The changes of physiological profile of biofilm-forming microorganisms were characterized by community-level assay that utilized the Biolog GN microplates. Biofilms that formed on different pipe surfaces displayed distinctive patterns of community-level physiological profile (CLPP), which reflected the metabolic preference for different carbon sources and/or the utilization of these carbon sources to varying degrees. The CLPP patterns have shown that the metabolic potential of a biofilm community was different depending on the pipe material. The effect of the pipe material was also characterized differently by operation condition such as flow rate. At flow velocity of 0.08 m/sec, the metabolic potential of biofilm microorganisms on GS surface showed lower levels than PVC and STS biofilms. For biofilms on pipe material surfaces exposed to water flowing at 0.28 m/sec, the metabolic potential was in order of PVC>GS>STS. Generally, the levels of the bacterial biofilm's metabolic potentials were shown to be notably higher on pipe surfaces exposed to water at 0.08 m/sec when compared to those on pipe surfaces exposed to water at 0.28 m/sec.

An Overview of Different Techniques on the Microbial Community Structure, and Functional Diversity of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

  • Kim, Kiyoon;Islam, Rashedul;Benson, Abitha;Joe, Manoharan Melvin;Denver, Walitang;Chanratan, Mak;Chatterjee, Poulami;Kang, Yeongyeong;Sa, Tongmin
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제49권2호
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    • pp.144-156
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    • 2016
  • Soil is a dynamic biological system, in which it is difficult to determine the composition of microbial communities. Knowledge of microbial diversity and function in soils are limited because of the taxonomic and methodological limitations associated with studying the organisms. In this review, approaches to measure microbial diversity in soil were discussed. Research on soil microbes can be categorized as structural diversity, functional diversity and genetic diversity studies, and these include cultivation based and cultivation independent methods. Cultivation independent technique to evaluate soil structural diversity include different techniques such as Phospholipid Fatty Acids (PLFA) and Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) analysis. Carbon source utilization pattern of soil microorganisms by Community Level Physiological Profiling (CLPP), catabolic responses by Substrate Induced Respiration technique (SIR) and soil microbial enzyme activities are discussed. Genetic diversity of soil microorganisms using molecular techniques such as 16S rDNA analysis Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) / Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (TGGE), Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP), Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) / Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) and Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (RISA) are also discussed. The chapter ends with a final conclusion on the advantages and disadvantages of different techniques and advances in molecular techniques to study the soil microbial diversity.

Characteristics of Bacterial Communities in Biological Filters of Full-Scale Drinking Water Treatment Plants

  • Choi, Yonkyu;Cha, Yeongseop;Kim, Bogsoon
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.91-104
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    • 2019
  • The taxonomic and functional characteristics of bacterial communities in the pre-chlorinated rapid filters and ozonated biological activated carbon (BAC) filters were compared using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) based on sole-carbon-source utilization patterns. Both the rapid filters and BAC filters were dominated by Rhizobiales within ${\alpha}-proteobacteria$, but other abundant orders and genera were significantly different in both types of filter. Firmicutes were abundant only in the intermediate chlorinated rapid filter, while Acidobacteria were abundant only in the BAC filters. Bacterial communities in the rapid filter showed high utilization of carbohydrates, while those in the BAC filters showed high utilization of polymers and carboxylic acids. These different characteristics of the bacterial communities could be related to the different substrates in the influents, filling materials, and residual disinfectants. Chlorination and ozonation inactivated the existing bacteria in the influent and formed different bacterial communities, which could be resistant to the oxidants and effectively utilize different substrates produced by the oxidant, including Phreatobacter in the rapid filters and Hyphomicrobium in the BAC filters. Bradyrhizobium and Leptothrix, which could utilize compounds adsorbed on the GAC, were abundant in the BAC filters. Ozonation increased taxonomic diversity but decreased functional diversity of the bacterial communities in the BAC filters. This study provides some new insights into the effects of oxidation processes and filling materials on the bacterial community structure in the biological filters of drinking water treatment plants.

논의 휴한기 이용형태와 토양화학성이 토양세균의 탄소원 이용에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Agricultural Practice and Soil Chemical Properties on Community-level Physiological Profiles (CLPP) of Soil Bacteria in Rice Fields During the Non-growing Season)

  • 어진우;김명현;송영주
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제38권4호
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    • pp.219-224
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    • 2019
  • BACKGROUND: Soil bacteria play important roles in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling during the non-growing season. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of soil management and chemical properties on the utilization of carbon sources by soil bacteria in paddy fields. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Biolog EcoPlate was used for analyzing community-level carbon substrate utilization profiles of soil bacteria. Soils were collected from the following three types of areas: plain, interface and mountain areas, which were tested to investigate the topology effect. The results of canonical correspondence analysis and Kendall rank correlation analysis showed that soil C/N ratio and NH4+ influenced utilization of carbon sources by bacteria. The utilization of carbohydrates and complex carbon sources were positively correlated with NH4+ concentration. Cultivated paddy fields were compared with adjacent abandoned fields to investigate the impact of cultivation cessation. The level of utilization of putrescine was lower in abandoned fields than in cultivated fields. Monoculture fields were compared with double cropping fields cultivated with barley to investigate the impact of winter crop cultivation. Cropping system altered bacterial use of carbon sources, as reflected by the enhanced utilization of 2-hydroxy benzoic acid under monoculture conditions. CONCLUSION: These results show that soil use intensity and topological characteristics have a minimal impact on soil bacterial functioning in relation to carbon substrate utilization. Moreover, soil chemical properties were found to be important factors determining the physiological profile of the soil bacterial community in paddy fields.

Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis 근권 서식 미생물의 기질이용 활성 조사 (Analysis of Community Level Physiological Profiles in the Rhizosphere of Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis)

  • 정세라;김승범
    • 환경생물
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.42-46
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    • 2008
  • Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (배추) 근권에 서식하는 종속영양세균의 군집 밀도 및 군집수준 생리활성을 2곳의 지역에서 각각 측정하였다. 근권의 종속영양세균군집 평균 밀도는 수원이 $2.65\times10^6CFU\;g^{-1}$ soil, 예산이 $3.75\times10^6CFU\;g^{-1}$ soil로 나타났고, 토양은 수원이 $2.45\times10^6CFU\;g^{-1}$ soil, 예산이 $2.97\times10^6CFU\;g^{-1}$ soil로 각각 나타났다. 평균 기능풍부도(functional richness)는 수원이 90.8, 예산이 154.1로 각각 나타났다. 군집 밀도와 기능 풍부도 사이에는 밀접한 상관관계가 보였다. 양쪽 근권에서 가장 활발하게 분해된 기질은 adonitol, L-asparagine, D-gluconic acid, L-glutamic acid와 D-galacturonic acid 등이었으나, 수원과 예산 근권에서의 기질 분해 양상은 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 한편 두 곳의 토양 역시 어느 정도 차이를 보였으나, D-raffinose 및 D-mannose는 공통적으로 잘 분해되는 기질로 나타났다.

Analysis and Quantification of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria Community with amoA Gene in Sewage Treatment Plants

  • Hong, Sun Hwa;Jeong, Hyun Duck;Jung, Bongjin;Lee, Eun Young
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제22권9호
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    • pp.1193-1201
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    • 2012
  • The analysis and quantification of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is crucial, as they initiate the biological removal of ammonia-nitrogen from sewage. Previous methods for analyzing the microbial community structure, which involve the plating of samples or culture media over agar plates, have been inadequate because many microorganisms found in a sewage plant are unculturable. In this study, to exclusively detect AOB, the analysis was carried out via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis using a primer specific to the amoA gene, which is one of the functional genes known as ammonia monooxygenase. An AOB consortium (S1 sample) that could oxidize an unprecedented 100% of ammonia in 24 h was obtained from sewage sludge. In addition, real-time PCR was used to quantify the AOB. Results of the microbial community analysis in terms of carbon utilization ability of samples showed that the aeration tank water sample (S2), influent water sample (S3), and effluent water sample (S4) used all the 31 substrates considered, whereas the AOB consortium (S1) used only Tween 80, D-galacturonic acid, itaconic acid, D-malic acid, and $_L$-serine after 192 h. The largest concentration of AOB was detected in S1 ($7.6{\times}10^6copies/{\mu}l$), followed by S2 ($3.2{\times}10^6copies/{\mu}l$), S4 ($2.8{\times}10^6copies/{\mu}l$), and S3 ($2.4{\times}10^6copies/{\mu}l$).

소나무(Pinus densiflora) 생육토양의 미생물 군집에 미치는 납과 CO2의 영향 (Effects of Pb and CO2 on Soil Microbial Community Associated with Pinus densiflora-Lab)

  • 홍선화;김성현;강호정;류희욱;이상돈;이인숙;조경숙
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제29권6호
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    • pp.551-558
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    • 2006
  • 우리나라 산림의 대표적 인 침엽수인 소나무(Pinus densiflora) 생육 토양의 미생물 군집에 미치는 $CO_2$와 납의 영향을 파악하기 위해, 군집 수준 기질 이용도를 평가하는 CLPP (community level rhysiological profiles) 방법과 165 rDNA PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) 방법을 활용하여 토양 미생물군집 특성을 조사하였다. 납 오염 토양(500 mg/kg-soil)과 비오염 토양에 2년생 소나무를 식재한 후, $CO_2$ 농도를 380 ppmv 혹은 760 ppmv으로 조절한 배양기에서 3개월간 생육시킨 후 6종류의 토앙 시료의 미생물 군집을 비교 분석하였다. 3개월 후 비오염 토양(CA-3M vs EA-3M)의 기질 이용도는 $CO_2$에 의해 크게 영향을 받지 않았으나, 납오염 토양(OB-3M vs EB-3M)의 경우에는 $CO_2$를 760 ppmv로 높인 토양 시료(EB-3M)의 기질 이용도가 높았다. 각 시료간의 기질 이용도를 이용하여 PCA를 수행한 결과, 각 토양시료의 미생물 군집은 납의 존재 유무에 따라 그룹화 되었다. 비오염 토양(CA-3M vs EA-3M))사이의 DGGE fingerprint 유사성은 56.3%, 납 오염 토양(CB-3M vs EB-3M) 사이의 DGGE fingerprint 유사성은 71.4%였다. 동일 $CO_2$ 농도 시료인 CA-3M과 CB-3M사이의 유사성은 53.3%, EA-3M과 EB-3M사이의 유사성은 35.8%이었다. 이러한 결과는 소나무를 식재한 토양의 세균 군집 구조는 $CO_2$ 농도보다는 납 오염 여부에 의해 더 민감하게 특성화됨을 의미한다.