• 제목/요약/키워드: CIE-Lab color system

검색결과 26건 처리시간 0.022초

Color stability of bulk-fill and incremental-fill resin-based composites polished with aluminum-oxide impregnated disks

  • Koc-Vural, Uzay;Baltacioglu, Ismail;Altinci, Pinar
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.118-124
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    • 2017
  • Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of bulk-fill and nanohybrid resin-based composites polished with 3 different, multistep, aluminum-oxide impregnated finishing and polishing disks. Materials and Methods: Disk-shaped specimens (8 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness) were light-cured between two glass slabs using one nanohybid bulk-fill (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent), one micro-hybrid bulk-fill (Quixfil, Dentsply), and two nanohybrid incremental-fill (Filtek Ultimate, 3M ESPE; Herculite XRV Ultra, Kerr) resin-based composites, and aged by thermocycling (between $5-55^{\circ}C$, 3,000 cycles). Then, they were divided into subgroups according to the polishing procedure as SwissFlex ($Colt\grave{e}ne/Whaledent$), Optidisc (Kerr), and Praxis TDV (TDV Dental) (n = 12 per subgroup). One surface of each specimen was left unpolished. All specimens were immersed in coffee solution at $37^{\circ}C$. The color differences (${\Delta}E$) were measured after 1 and 7 days of storage using a colorimeter based on CIE Lab system. The data were analyzed by univariate ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedmann tests (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: Univariate ANOVA detected significant interactions between polishing procedure and composite resin and polishing procedure and storage time (p < 0.05). Significant color changes were detected after 1 day storage in coffee solution (p < 0.05), except Quixfil/Optidisc which was color-stable after 7 days (p > 0.05). Polishing reduced the discoloration resistance of Tetric EvoCeram/SwissFlex, Tetric EvoCeram/Praxis TDV, Quixfil-SwissFlex, and all Herculite XRV Ultra groups after 7 days storage (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Discoloration resistance of bulk-fill resin-based composites can be significantly affected by the polishing procedures.

적색 안료인 탄탈륨 질화물(Ta3N5)의 특성에 도핑 물질 및 최종질화물의 산소/질소 함량이 미치는 영향 (Effects of Doping Elements and the Amounts of Oxygen/Nitrogen Contents in Final Nitrides on the Characteristics of Red Pigment of Tantalum Nitrides (Ta3N5))

  • 박은영;피재환;김유진;조우석;김경자
    • 한국분말재료학회지
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    • 제16권6호
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    • pp.396-402
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    • 2009
  • Tantalum nitrides ($Ta_3N_5$) have been developed to substitute the Cd based pigments for non-toxic red pigment. Various doping elements were doped to reduce the amount of high price Tantalum element used and preserve the red color tonality. Doping elements were added in the synthesizing process of precursor of amorphous tantalum oxides and then Tantalum nitrides doped with various elements were obtained by ammonolysis process. The average particle size of final nitrides with secondary phases was larger than the nitride without the secondary phases. Also secondary phases reduced the red color tonality of final products. On the other hand, final nitrides without secondary phase had orthorhombic crystal system and presented good red color. In other words, in the case of nitrides without secondary phases, doping elements made a solid solution of tantalum nitride. In this context, doping process controlled the ionic state of nitrides and the amount of oxygen/nitrogen in final nitrides affected the color tonality.

다른 특성을 가지는 도재가 반복소성에 따라 색조변화에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Repeated Firing on the Color Difference of a Metal-Ceramic System with Different Porcelain Powder)

  • 황재선
    • 대한치과기공학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.23-36
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    • 2009
  • The goal of esthetic restoration is to achieve morphologic, optical, and biologic acceptance. Creation of a natural looking ceramic restoration, which blends harmoniously with surrounding dentition, is not always achieved. A successful color match is an important aspect of any esthetic dental restoration. Since natural enamel has inherent translucency, it is important that ceramic restorations reproduce the translucency and color of the natural teeth. However, the final color match of porcelain crowns to adjacent natural dentition remains some problem. Difficulties related to color matching arise from the structural differences that exist between metal ceramic crowns and natural teeth, the limited range of available ceramic shades, inadequate shade guides, different types of metal alloys, repeated firing, the condensation technique, and varying compositions of ceramic materials. Many factors contribute to the esthetic success of dental restoration: optical properties such as color and its elements of hue, value, and chroma; translucency and opacity; light transmission and scattering; and metamerism and fluorescence. The purpose of this study was to determine the color changes of metal-ceramic system with different veneering porcelain powder after repeated firing. The objectives of this in vitro study were to measure the lightness($L^*$), chromaticity($a^*$), chromaticity($b^*$), chroma($C^*$), hue(h), reflectance(%), color difference(${\Delta}E$). The following conclusions were obtained: 1. An increase in the number of firings resulted in decrease in lightness($L^*$) but increase in chromacticity($a^*$) with all porcelain. After the second sintering resulted in decrease in chromacticity($b^*$) with opaque-dentin porcelain and dentin porcelain but in increase with enamel porcelain and translucency porcelain. And after the second sintering resulted in decrease in chroma($C^*$) with opaque-dentin porcelain and dentin porcelain, but on the whole side in decrease with enamel porcelain and translucency porcelain. 2. After the second firing, a increase in the number of firings resulted in decrease reflectance(%) in all wavelength. 3. There were noticeable color differences(${\Delta}E$) between first sintering and multiple firings(dentin porcelain: 5.29~8.15, opaque-dentin porcelain: 4.83~8.2, enamel porcelain: 8.93~13.15, translucency porcelain: 9.37~12.91), but the color difference(${\Delta}E$) after second sintering were down to 4.87 in all porcelain. 4. Given the NBS Criteria, a 'trace' was not found this study but a 'slight' was found 2-3, 3-5 in dentin porcelain, 2-3 in opaque-dentin porcelain, 3-5, 5-10 in enamel porcelain and translucency porcelain, a 'noticeable' was 2-5, 3-10, 5-10 in dentin porcelain and opaque-dentin porcelain, 2-3, 2-5, 3-10 in enamel porcelain 2-3, 3-10 in translucency porcelain, an 'appreciable' was 1-2, 1-3, 2-10 in dentin porcelain 1-2, 1-3, 2-10, 3-10 in opaque-dentin porcelain, 2-10 in enamel porcelain, 2-5, 2-10 in translucency porcelain, a 'much' was 1-5, 1-10 in dentin porcelain and opaque-dentin porcelain, 1-2, 1-3, 1-5 in enamel porcelain 1-2, 1-3, 1-5, 1-10 in translucency porcelain, a 'very much' was 1-10 in enamel porcelain.

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구강양치용액이 복합레진의 색조 안정성과 표면미세경도 및 표면조도에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Oral Rinsing Solution on the Color Stability, Surface Microhardness and Surface Roughness Change of Composite Resin)

  • 이혜진;김민영;양달님
    • 융합정보논문지
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    • 제9권7호
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    • pp.159-167
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구는 구강양치용액이 복합레진의 색조 안정성과 표면미세경도 및 표면조도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 하였으며, 실험실 연구로 Filtek P60과 Filtek Z250의 두 종류의 복합레진으로 시편을 제작하였다. 각 시편은 10개씩 8개 그룹으로 나누었다. 실험전 모든 시편을 colorimater를 이용하여 색조($L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$)를 측정하였다. 대조군으로 증류수, 실험군으로 무색소, 녹색 및 보라색을 띄는 시판 구강양치용액을 사용하여 14일간 색변화, 표면미세경도, 표면조도 등을 측정하여 수집된 자료들 분석하였다. 녹색 및 보라색을 띄는 구강양치용액에서 눈에 띄는 색변화를 보였고, 모든 구강양치 용액군에서 표면미세경도는 감소하고 표면조도는 거칠어진 양상이 관찰되었다. 따라서 구강양치용액을 2주 이상 장기간 사용하게 되면 복합레진 표면에 변화를 야기할 수 있으므로, 안전한 사용을 위하여 짧은 기간 사용을 권장해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

지능형 검색엔진을 위한 색상 질의 처리 방안 (Color-related Query Processing for Intelligent E-Commerce Search)

  • 홍정아;구교정;차지원;서아정;여운영;김종우
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.109-125
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    • 2019
  • 지능형 전자상거래 검색 엔진에 대한 관심이 커지면서, 검색 상품의 특징을 지능적으로 추출하고 활용하기 위한 연구들이 수행되고 있다. 특히 전자상거래 지능형 검색 엔진에서 상품을 검색 할 때, 제품의 색상은 상품을 묘사하는 중요한 특징 중에 하나이다. 따라서 사용자의 질의에 정확한 응답을 위해서는 사용자가 검색하려는 색상과 그 색상의 동의어 및 유의어에 대한 처리가 필요하다. 기존의 연구들은 색상 특징에 대한 동의어 처리를 주로 사전 방식으로 다뤄왔다. 하지만 이러한 사전방식으로는 사전에 등록되지 않은 색상 용어가 질의에 포함된 경우 처리하지 못하는 한계점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 사용하던 방식의 한계점을 극복하기 위하여, 실시간으로 인터넷 검색 엔진을 통해 해당 색상의 RGB 값을 추출한 후 추출된 색상정보를 기반으로 유사한 색상명들을 출력하는 모델을 제안한다. 본 모델은 우선적으로 기본적인 색상 검색을 위해 671개의 색상명과 각 RGB값이 저장된 색상 사전을 구축하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 모델은 특정 색상을 검색하는 것으로 시작하며, 검색된 색상이 색상 사전 내 존재하는 지 유무를 확인한다. 사전 내에 검색한 색상이 존재한다면, 해당 색상의 RGB 값이 기준 값으로 사용된다. 만일 색상사전 내에 존재하지 않는다면, Google 이미지 검색 결과를 크롤링하여 각 이미지의 특정 영역 내 RGB값들을 군집화하여 구한 평균 RGB값을 검색한 색상의 기준 값으로 한다. 기준 RGB값을 앞서 구축한 색상 사전 내의 모든 색상의 RGB 값들과 비교하여 각 R, G, B 값에 있어서 ${\pm}50$ 내의 색상 목록을 정렬하고, RGB값 간의 유클리디안 거리 유사도를 활용하여 최종적으로 유사한 색 상명들을 출력한다. 제안 방안의 유용성을 평가하기 위해 실험을 진행하였다. 피설문자들이 생각하는 300 개의 색상 이름과 해당 색상 값을 얻어, 본 연구에서 제안한 방안을 포함한 총 네가지 방법을 통해 얻은 RGB 값들과 피설문자가 지정한 RGB값에 대한 비교를 진행했다. 인간의 눈을 반영하는 측정 기준인 CIELAB의 유클리드안거리는 평균 13.85로 색상사전만을 활용한 방안의 30.88, 한글 동의어사전 사이트인 워드넷을 추가로 활용한 방안의 30.38에 비해 비교적 낮은 색상 간의 거리 값을 보였다. 연구에서 제시하는 방안에서 군집화 과정을 제외한 방안의 색 차는 13.88로 군집화 과정이 색 차를 줄여준다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 기존 동의어 처리 방식인 사전 방식이 지닌 한계에서 벗어나기 위해, 사전 방식에 새로운 색상명에 대한 실시간 동의어 처리 방식을 결합한 RGB값 기반의 새로운 색상 동의어 처리 방안을 제안한다. 본 연구의 결과를 활용하여 전자상거래 검색 시스템의 지능화에 크게 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

Mulberry Low-Fat Ice Cream Supplemented with Synbiotic: Formulation, Phytochemical Composition, Nutritional Characteristics, and Sensory Properties

  • Kittisak Thampitak;Rattanaporn Pimisa;Pongsanat Pongcharoen;Suppasil Maneerat;Noraphat Hwanhlem
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제50권3호
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    • pp.361-374
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    • 2022
  • For this study, we designed and produced mulberry low-fat ice cream supplemented with synbiotics (MLF-ISS). The sensory characteristics and physical, chemical, and microbiological qualities of MLF-ISS were then determined. Mulberry juice inoculated with or without probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 926 and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745) was also tested at 37℃ for 24 h to determine probiotic growth rate, pH, total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (AA). Only the TAC of mulberry juice inoculated with S. boulardii CNCM I-745 increased considerably (p < 0.05) among these parameters. MLF-ISS was produced with varied mulberry fruit concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, or 40%) (w/w). The MLF-ISS prepared with 30% mulberry fruit (w/w) (30-MLF-ISS) had a higher score in appearance, color, and sweetness (p < 0.05) when sensory qualities were measured using the 9-point hedonic scale method. In the CIE lab system (L*, a*, b*), the color values of 30-MLF-ISS were 27.80 ± 0.26, 12.99 ± 0.59, and 1.43 ± 0.05, respectively. The 30-MLF-ISS was also subjected to a proximate analysis. The melting rate of 30-MLF-ISS was 0.29 ± 0.03 g/min and the time it took for the first drop to fall was 37.00 ± 7.00 min. TAC, TPC, and AA of 30-MLF-ISS were observed to alter significantly (p < 0.05) during varied intervals of storage at - 18℃ (0, 30, and 60 days). The viability of probiotics in 30-MLF-ISS slightly decreased after storage at -18℃ for 8 weeks, but remained about 6 log CFU/g. During storage at -18℃ for 0 and 120 days, no pathogenic bacteria were detected in 30-MLF-ISS. These findings show that 30-MLF-ISS has nutritional and functional value, is free of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, is safe for consumers' health, and is suitable for application in the ice cream and related food industries.