• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.183-192
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate bird community and to suggest a proper way how to manage and protect wildbirds in Chuwangsan National Park. The survey was carried out over two survey sections by the line transect method in spring, summer and autumn in 1994. Total number of observed birds were 42 species(33 species in spring, 32 species in summer, and 26 species in autumn), and the result was the same with the typical pattern of temperate bird communities. Total number of natural monument and rare birds were 7 species, which included Golden Eagle(Aquila chrysaetos), Chinese Sparrow Hawk(Accipter soloensis), Eagle Owl(Bubo bubo), etc. In breeding season, species richness was high in canopy nesting guild, and density(ea/ha) was high in hole nesting guild. Canopy foraging guild was dominated in spring and summer, ratio of bush(or ground) foraging guild was increased in autumn. Since the habitats of observed natural monuments and rare species were roughly overlapped with the nature preservation area, it is necessary to preserve the area completely and to investigate and protect these species continuously. For the protection of the bush(or ground) foraging guild, it needs to plant bushes around trails and to control users. Food plants, artificial food planting of bushs, and artificial nest are needed for the habituation of wildbirds, and as the damage of wild cats is increasing lately, it needs to control these cats.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.150-153
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• 1995

A Pinus densiflora forest in Chuwangsan was studied to determine the adequate plot area of shrub stratum for investigating forest community structure. Nineteen nested plots were set up in the studied forest, and species-area curve and performance curve were established. According to species-area curve, the minimum plot area where a given percentage increase in plot area produced less than the same percentage increase in number of species was 900$m^2$. The minimum plot area where a given percentage increase in plot area produced less than the half of the percent-age increase in number of species was 1,500$m^2$. According to performance curve of the importance values of the major species, the minimum plot area where the importance value of the major species was distinguished from each other was 1,400$m^2$. According to performance curve of species diversity, the minimum plot area was 750-1,500$m^2$. Similarity indices between plot area above 900$m^2$ and total plot area were more than 90% and similarity indices between plot area above 625$m^2$ and total plot area were more than 85%. It may be given as a conclusion that minimum plot area was about 1,500$m^2$ in case of requiring more accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.93-106
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• 1995

To investigate the forest structure in Ijontong Cholto area, twenty four plots were set up (each l0$\times$10m ) and surveyed. According to the analysis of ordination by DCA, community divided into 5 groups. The divided groups are Quercus serrata -Q. valiabilis community(I), Q. serrata - Pinus densiflora community(II), Q. mongolica - Lindera obtusiloba community(III), Carpinus laxiflora - Acer pseudo-sieboldianum community(IV) and Acer mono community(V). So the successional trends seems to be from P. densiflora through Q. serrata, Q. valiabilis, Q. mongolica to C. laxiflora, C. cordata, A. mono in canopy layer. And in the subtree and shrub layer, it was expected that from Rhododendron mucronulatum, Rh. schlippenbachii to A. pseudo-sieboldianum, L. obtusiloba. But some sites were likely to become Q. mongolica edaphic climax.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1975

F$\ddot{u}$r die Erforschllng der Variationen bei der Naturpopulationen der Pinus densifiora wurden drei Populationen aus Chuwangsan (Kyong-buk), Anmyondo (Chung-nam) und Odaesan (Kangwon) Ausgewiiblt. Bei je 20 Individuen jeder Population wurden die Variationen von der Eigenschaft der $\ddot{a}$usseren Gestalt, von der anatomischen und morphologischen Eigenschaft der Kiefernadel und von der Holzqualit$\ddot{a}$t an Bohrsp$\ddot{a}$nen untersucht. Das Ergebnis der Untersuchung konnte in den folgenden sechs Punkten formuliert werden. 1. Von den Eigenschaften der $\ddot{a}$usseren Gestalt ist die Geradheit des Baumstamms, der Durchmesser der Zweige und der Winkel der Verzweigung in der Odaesan Population wlinschenswerter als in anderen Populationen. 2. Es wird festgestellt, dass sich die drei Nadelmerkmale, Anzahl der Z$\ddot{a}$hne je 0.5 cm, Anzahl der Stomata-Reihen und Anzahl der Harzkan$\ddot{a}$le, sowohl zwischen den Populationen als auch zwischen den Individuen signignifikant unterscheiden. 3. Bei der Betrachtung des Harzkanal Index, der Schichtanzahl der Hypodermis und der Entfernung der Fibrovasalb$\ddot{u}$ndel wird aufgezeigt, dass sich alle drei gepr$\ddot{u}$ften Populationen geringf$\ddot{u}$gig von der normalen Kiefer unterscheiden. 4. Zwischen den Populationen ergibt sich ein Unterschied im Prozentanteil des Spatho lzes und im spezifischen Geswicht, jedoch zeigt die Breite der Jahresrings und die Tracheidenl$\ddot{a}$nge keinen Unterschied. Das spezifische Gewicht und die Tracheidenl$\ddot{a}$nge der Individuen jeder Population ist signifikant verschieden. 5. Bei dem Alter 11-20 ist der Prozentanteil des sp$\ddot{a}$tholzes am gr$\ddot{o}$ssten und wird aber danach immer geringer bis zum Alter 30; sp$\ddot{a}$ter zeigt sich dann keine sichtbare Ver$\ddot{a}$nderung mehr. Das spezifische Gewicht sich vergr$\ddot{o}$ssert bei der Zunahme des Jahresrings, nimmt aber dann in Anmyondo und Odaesan Populationen beim Alter 21-30 wieder ab. Die Tracheidenl$\ddot{a}$nge der drei Populationen besitzen die Neigung, sich nach der zunahme der Jahresringe zu vermehren. 6. Mit diesen hier behandelten Charakteren werden ganz allgemeinen die Unterschiede der drei Kiefer populationen festgestellt. Diese Ergebnisse sind sehr bemerkenswert betrachtet vom genetischen Gesichtspunkt der waldbaumpopulation.