• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.191-196
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• 2019

Humans use images on a daily basis-so much so that images are integral to their lives. Seeing is represented by an image, created or lived in it. Images required and developed a new paradigm from past to present. Today, images are in digital formats, and new techniques are increasing. Among them, cinemagraphs can find features that differ from previous images. The keywords found by comparing them in the image development are analyzed in detail through four characteristics in this paper. Cinemagraphs appearing in the keywords are interpreted in terms of each keyword and, through the example, the cinemagraph image can be approached concretely.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.87-99
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• 2020

The study aims to investigate factors that determine dividend payout policy using 336 non-financial firm year observations covering the period 2005 to 2016 in Malaysia. We found a significant positive relationship between corporate board size, board members average age, board tenure and dividend payout policy. We also found a strong negative effect and statistically insignificant relationship of board diversity, board independence, CEO duality and dividend payout policy. Additional, financial leverage has a negative effect on dividend payout policy. It is also noticed that firms with diverse boards are more likely to pay dividends and tend to pay larger dividends than those with non-diverse boards. Our results suggest that board diversity has a significant impact on dividend payout policy. Impact of board diversity on dividend payout policy is particularly conspicuous for firms with potentially greater agency problems. Our findings are consistent with the argument that corporate board traits enhancement positively affect the dividend payout policy which is beneficial for shareholders. This study offers useful insights into the current global debate on board traits and its implications for firms. The dividend payout policy signals good news to investors. Corporate board traits and firm's financial decision are the factors that disrupt the dividend decision.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.167-181
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• 2020

The relationship between corporate board attributes and dividend payout is already established yet mediating role of leverage in not been examined in Malaysian market. Therefore, this study aims to examine the mediating effect of financial leverage on the relationship between corporate board attributes and the dividend pay-out policy. A sample of 203 non-financial firms listed on the BURSA Malaysia between 2005 and 2018 were analysed using SmartPLS 3.0. The findings show that there is a partial mediating effect of financial leverage on the relationship between board members age, board diversity and dividend pay-out policy. Financial leverage also mediates the relationship between number of women on board, CEO-duality and dividend pay-out policy. However, financial leverage doesn't mediate the relationship between board size and dividend pay-out policy. This study offers insights to policy-makers to develop a better corporate governance as well as a guidance to firms in the construction and implementation of their corporate governance policies in relation to financial leverage. This study also shed light on the influence of efficient corporate board attributes on dividend pay-out policy and financial leverage for firm growth. This study concludes that corporate board attributes impact capital structure and thus, firms may change its payout policy.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.861-872
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• 2021

This study examines the relationship between board characteristics and capital structure. Data was collected from the annual reports of listed companies in the Stock Exchange of Thailand, from 2015 to 2017, which totaled 1,264 firm-year observations. The study uses multiple regression analysis to analyses the data by using independent variables, including board size, outside directors, managerial ownership, CEO duality, frequency of board meetings, board experience, and gender to measure board characteristics and the total debt ratio for capital structure. Research findings show that the more independent the directors are, the lower the cost of debt financing is, as they control the management team more strictly about debt financing than directors with less independence do. Additionally, the results reveal that the higher the percentage of managerial ownership, the higher the level of leverage and debt financing, whereas board size and board meetings have a negative relationship to capital structure. Further research showed that firm size, growth opportunities and corporate governance rating all had a positive significant impact on capital structure. The findings of this study suggest that the presence of proper corporate governance leads to better funding mechanisms as it ensures that the company is in a better position to obtain external funding.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.89-102
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• 2022

Purpose - We examine empirically the relationship between the board of directors and the corporate performance using board characteristics related variables. Design/methodology/approach - We empirically test the hypotheses using fixed effects models (FEM), using data of 3,703 listed non-financial companies in China from 2010 to 2019. Findings - First, the ownership of board of directors is positively related to ROA. Second, the size of the board of directors is positively related to ROA. Third, there is no evidence that interaction between characteristic variables related to the board of directors affect the corporate performance. Research implications or Originality - These results show that as the board of directors has larger ownership, the degree of identity of interest between stock holders and the board becomes bigger to reduce agency cost, then it lets the board make decisions to improve the corporate performance. In addition, as the board of directors becomes bigger, the board has strong independence to play the role of monitoring and advising, then it leads to improvement of corporate performance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2022

The current study is at the forefront of examining the theory of principal-agent framework and financing constraints to explain the level of corporate innovation. To boost the firm's level of innovation, this study uses corporate governance and corporate performance as driving factors. The study's secondary goal is to give information on the parallel relationship between corporate governance and the level of corporate innovation. This study used a two-step least square (TSLS) regression analysis to examine such a simultaneous association using secondary data from Indonesian listed businesses from 2000 to 2021, which totaled around 1,910 observations. This study uses the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) tool to test cumulative variances of potential corporate governance indicators such as the total commissioner of the firm (TCOM), total independent commissioner of the firm (INDPCOM), the proportion of institutional ownership (INSOWN), total female commissioner (FEMCOM), CEO duality (CEODUAL), and type of the firm (SOE). As a result, PCA reveals that four of these variables, omitting CEODUAL and SOE, were a corporate governance construct. Furthermore, the study discovered that the amount of firm innovation and corporate governance are related.