• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1139-1143
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• 2015

In order to explore the association between cadherin 13 (CDH13) gene promoter methylation and lung carcinoma (LC) risk, we carried out a meta-analysis with searching of PubMed, Web of Science. Ultimately, 17 articles were identified and analysised by STATA 12.0 software. Overall, we found a significant relationship between CDH13 promoter methylation and LC risk (odds ratio=6.98, 95% confidence interval: 4.21-11.56, p<0.001). Subgroup analyses further revealed that LC risk was increased for individuals carrying the methylated CDH13 compared with those with unmethylated CDH13. Hence, our study identified a strong association between CDH13 gene promoter methylation and LC and highlighted a promising potential for CDH13 methylation in LC risk prediction.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.304-310
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• 1986

CL 배지에서 자란 A. calcoaceticus C10은 glucose dehydrogenase(GDH)와 cyclohexanol dehydrogenase(CDH)를 모두 생산하였다. A. calcoaceticus C10에 의한 사이클로헥사놀의 산화가 비특이적인 GDH에 의한 것인지를 알아보기 위하여 GDH와 CDH의 차이를 조사한 결과 GDH는 $NAD^+$와 $NADP^+$를 모두 조효소로 이 용하였으나 CDH는 $NAD^+$만을 조효소로 이용하였으며 $NADP^+$를 이용하지 못하였다. GDH는 LB 배지와 0.2%의 포도당 또는 사이클로헥사놀을 첨가한 LB 배지 및 CL 배지에서 모두 생산되었으나 CDH는 사이클로헥사놀을 첨가한 배지에서만 생산되었으며 7.5% polyacrylamide 젤 전기영동 결과 GDH와 CDH는 서로 다른 활성 밴드를 나타내었다. 이로써 GDH와 CDH는 서로 다른 것이며 사이클로헥사놀의 산화는 비특이적인 GDH에 의한 것이 아님을 확인하였다. LB 배지에서 A. calcoaceticus C10을 4시간 배양 후 사이클로헥사놀을 첨가할 경우 배양 24시간에 LB 배지에서보다 약 8배의 CDH 활성을 나타내었으며 생육도는 약 2배의 증가현상을 나타내었다. CDH는 사이클로헥사놀, 사이클로헥사논 cyclohexan-1,2-diol 및 cyclohexene oxide에 의해 유도되었으나 ${\varepsilon}-caprolactone$과 adipate에 의해서는 유도되지 않았다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2008

CDH-13(T-cadherin), which is one of a kind among the 20 cadherins, can be found mainly in wall of aorta, neuron, spleen, blood vessel etc. It is also called H-cadherin. This structural difference can explain that CDH-13 is thought to play a key role in maintaining mutual relation between extra and intra-cellular environment rather than in cell adhesion. The main function of CDH-13 is to participate in blood vessel function. Additionally, it is known to regulate cell growth and cell contact inhibition. When cells are proliferating, cell surface perceives other cells so that substance such as CDH-13 can inhibit their growth or proliferation resulting in homeostasis without endless proliferation or invasion of connective tissue boundaries. However, tumor cell itself appears to be different from normal cells' growth, invasion or transmission. Therefore, it can be diagnosed that these characteristics are closely related to expression of CDH-13 in tumor cells. This study is to investigate expression of CDH-13 in SCC and its correlation with promoter methylation. 20 of tissue species for the study are excised and gathered from 20 patients who are diagnosed as SCC in department of OMS, dental hospital, dankook university. To find development of CDH-13 in each tissue samples, immunohistochemical staining, RT-PCR gene analysis and methylation specific PCR are processed. The results are as follows. 1.Immunohistochemical staining: In normal oral squamous epithelial tissue, strong expression of CDH-13 was found in cell plasma membrane of basal cell layer. On the other hand, in case of low-differentiated oral SCC, development of CDH-13 was hardly seen. 2.The development of CDH-13 gene: In 9 of samples, expression of CDH-13 gene could be seen and 2 of them showed low expression compared to the others. And rest of the 11 samples showed no expression of CDH-13 gene. 3.Methylation of CDH-13 gene: Among 9 samples which expressed CDH-13 gene, 7 of them showed unmethylation. In addition, among 11 samples without CDH-13 gene expression, 10 showed methylation. According to the results stated above, promoter methylation were found in 13 samples(65%) among 20 of oral SCC samples. In low-differentiated SCC, suppression of gene expression could be seen accompanying promoter methylation. These phenomenon of gene expression was proved by immunohistochemical investigation. Finally, for development of oral SCC, conclusions can be made that suppression of CDH-13 played a main role and suppression of gene expression was originated from promoter methylation. Considering this, it is expected that suppression of CDH-13 from promoter methylation to be utilized as a good diagnostic marker of oral SCC.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2024

Background: Little is known about the frequency and impact of the persistent headache and about the incidence of chronic daily headache (CDH) after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this prospective cohort study was to assess the incidence, risk factors, characteristics, and impact of CDH in patients with COVID-19. Methods: In the first stage, 288 patients were interviewed by telephone after the acute phase of COVID-19. Subsequently, 199 patients who presented headache were reinterviewed at least one year after COVID-19. Headaches that persisted beyond the acute phase of COVID-19 for three or more months and presented frequency ≥ 45 days over the first three months were considered to be CDH. Results: One hundred and twenty-three patients were included, 56% were females; median age: 50 years (25th and 75th percentile: 41;58). The headache persisted beyond the acute phase of COVID-19 in 52%, and 20.3% had CDH (95% confidence interval: 13.6-28.2). Individuals who previously had headaches and who had headaches of greater intensity during the acute phase were at higher risk of developing CDH. The group with CDH included more females, greater impact of headache, more persistence of headache beyond the 120th day of COVID-19 and less throbbing headache than did the other individuals whose headache persisted. Conclusions: Patients who had COVID-19 had a high incidence of CDH. Previous headache and greater intensity of headache were associated with higher risk of CDH.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.320-330
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• 2017

Porous nanosilica (PNS) has been identified as a potential candidate for controlled drug delivery. However, unmodified PNS-based carriers exhibited an initial release of loaded bioactive agents, which may limit their potential clinical applications. In this study, the surface of PNS was functionalized with adamantylamine (ADA) via disulfide bonds (-S-S-), PNS-S-S-ADA, which was then modified with cyclodextrin (CD)-heparin (Hep) (CD-Hep), PNS-S-S-CDH, for redox triggered rhodamine B (RhB) delivery. The obtained samples were then characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ($^{1}H\;NMR$), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). These results showed that PNS-S-S-CDH was successfully formed with spherical shape and average diameter of $45.64{\pm}2.33nm$. In addition, RhB was relatively encapsulated in the PNS-S-S-CDH (RhB@PNS-S-S-CDH) and slowly released up to 3 days. The release of RhB, in particular, was triggered due to the cleavage of -S-S- in the presence of dithiothreitol (DTT). It might be anticipated that the modified PNS can be used as redox-responsive drug delivery system in cancer therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6397-6403
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• 2014

Background: Aberrant promoter hypermethylation has been recognized in human breast carcinogenesis as a frequent molecular alteration associated with the loss of expression of a number of key regulatory genes and may serve as a biomarker. The E-cadherin gene (CDH1), mapping at chromosome 16q22, is an intercellular adhesion molecule in epithelial cells, which plays an important role in establishing and maintaining intercellular connections. The aim of our study was to assess the methylation pattern of CDH1 and to correlate it with the expression of E-cadherin, clinicopathological parameters and hormone receptor status in breast cancer patients of Kashmir. Materials and Methods: Methylation specific PCR (MSP) was used to determine the methylation status of CDH1 in 128 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) paired with the corresponding normal tissue samples. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of E-cadherin, ER and PR. Results: CDH1 hypermethylation was detected in 57.8% of cases and 14.8% of normal adjacent controls. Reduced levels of E-cadherin protein were observed in 71.9% of our samples. Loss of E-cadherin expression was significantly associated with the CDH1 promoter region methylation (p<0.05, OR=3.48, CI: 1.55-7.79). Hypermethylation of CDH1 was significantly associated with age at diagnosis (p=0.030), tumor size (p=0.008), tumor grade (p=0.024) and rate of node positivity or metastasis (p=0.043). Conclusions: Our preliminary findings suggest that abnormal CDH1 methylation occurs in high frequencies in infiltrating breast cancers associated with a decrease in E-cadherin expression. We found significant differences in tumor-related CDH1 gene methylation patterns relevant to tumor grade, tumor size, nodal involvement and age at diagnosis of breast tumors, which could be extended in future to provide diagnostic and prognostic information.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2018

Purpose: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is rare but potentially fatal. The overall outcome is highly variable. This study aimed to identify a simple and dynamic parameter that helps predict the mortality of CDH patients in real time, without invasive tests. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 59 CDH cases. Maternal and fetal information included the gestational age at diagnosis, site of defect, presence of liver herniation, and lung-to-head ratio (LHR) at 20 to 29 weeks of gestational age. Information regarding postnatal treatment, including the number of days until surgery, the need for inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and survival, was collected. The highest respiratory severity score (RSS) within 24 hours after birth was also calculated. Results: Statistical analysis showed that a younger gestational age at the initial diagnosis (P<0.001), a lower LHR (P=0.001), and the presence of liver herniation (P=0.003) were prenatal risk factors for CDH mortality. The RSS and use of iNO and ECMO were significant factors affecting survival. In the multivariate analysis, the only remaining significant risk factor was the highest preoperative RSS within 24 hours after birth (P=0.002). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.9375, with a sensitivity of 91.67% and specificity of 83.87% at the RSS cut-off value of 5.2. The positive and negative predictive values were 82.14% and 92.86%, respectively. Conclusion: Using the RSS as a prognostic predictor with simple calculations will help clinicians plan CDH management.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.348-355
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• 2021

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare disease often requiring mechanical ventilation after birth. In severe cases, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) may be needed. This study analyzed the outcomes of patients with CDH treated with ECMO and investigated factors related to in-hospital mortality. Methods: Among 254 newborns diagnosed with CDH between 2008 and 2020, 51 patients needed ECMO support. At Asan Medical Center, a multidisciplinary team approach has been applied for managing newborns with CDH since 2018. Outcomes were compared between hospital survivors and nonsurvivors. Results: ECMO was established at a median of 17 hours after birth. The mean birth weight was 3.1±0.5 kg. Twenty-three patients (23/51, 45.1%) were weaned from ECMO, and 16 patients (16/51, 31.4%) survived to discharge. The ECMO mode was veno-venous in 24 patients (47.1%) and veno-arterial in 27 patients (52.9%). Most cannulations (50/51, 98%) were accomplished through a transverse cervical incision. No significant between-group differences in baseline characteristics and prenatal indices were observed. The oxygenation index (1 hour before: 90.0 vs. 51.0, p=0.005) and blood lactate level (peak: 7.9 vs. 5.2 mmol/L, p=0.023) before ECMO were higher in nonsurvivors. Major bleeding during ECMO more frequently occurred in nonsurvivors (57.1% vs. 12.5%, p=0.007). In the multivariate analysis, the oxygenation index measured at 1 hour before ECMO initiation was identified as a significant risk factor for in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.04; p=0.05). Conclusion: The survival of neonates after ECMO for CDH is suboptimal. Timely application of ECMO is crucial for better survival outcomes.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2011

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been utilized in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) patients with severe respiratory failure unresponsive to conventional medical treatment. We retrospectively reviewed 12 CDH patients who were treated using ECMO in our center between April 2008 and February 2011. The pre ECMO and on ECMO variables analyzed included gestational age, sex, birth weight, age at the time of ECMO cannulation, arterial blood gas analysis results, CDH location, timing of CDH repair operation, complications and survival. There were 9 boys and 3 girls. All patients were prenatally diagnosed. Mean gestational age was $38.8{\pm}1.7$ weeks and mean birth weight was $3031{\pm}499$ gram. Mean age at the time of ECMO cannulation was $29.9{\pm}28.9$ hours. There were 4 patients who survived. Survivors showed higher 5 min Apgar scores ($8.25{\pm}0.96$ vs. $7.00{\pm}1.20$, p=0.109), higher pre ECMO mean pH ($7.258 {\pm}0.830$ vs. $7.159{\pm}0.986$, p=0.073) and lower pre ECMO $PaCO_2$ ($48.2{\pm}7.9$ vs. $64.8{\pm}16.1$, p=0.109) without statistical significance. The hernia was located on the left side in 10 patients and the right side in 2 patients. The time interval from ECMO placement to operative repair was about 3~4 days in 5 early cases and around 24 in the remaining cases. There were 3 cases of post operative bleeding requiring re operation and 2 cases of abdominal compartment syndrome requiring abdominal fascia reopening. ECMO catheter reposition was required in 4 cases. Three cases of arterial or venous thrombosis were detected and improved with follow up. Our data suggests that ECMO therapy could save the lives of some neonates with CDH who can not be maintained on other treatment modalities. Protocolized management and accumulation of case experience might be valuable in improving outcomes for neonates with CDH treated with ECMO.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2011

Experimental tracheal ligation (TL) has been shown to reverse the pulmonary hypoplasia associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and to normalize gas exchange. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the TL would correct the surfactant deficiency present in the fetal rabbit model of CDH by using lamellar body count. Lamellar bodies are synthesized and secreted by the type II pneumocytes of fetal lung. The phospholipids present in these bodies constitute the major component of pulmonary surfactant. Twenty-one pregnant New Zealand rabbits underwent hysterotomy and fetal surgery on gestational day 24. Two fetuses of each pregnant rabbit were operated. In the fetus of one end of bicornuate uterus, left DH was created by excision of fetal diaphragm through open thoracotomy (DH Group). In the fetus of the other end of bicornuate uterus, left DH and TL were created (TL Group). The fetuses were delivered by Cesarean section on gestational day 31. Fourteen in control group, 12 in the DH group and 13 in TL group were born alive. En bloc excision of lungs, bronchi and trachea was done in all newborn rabbits. A five Fr catheter was inserted through trachea and repeated irrigations with 10 cc normal saline were done. The irrigated fluid was centrifuged at $280{\times}g$ for 5 minutes and the lamellar bodies were counted with the upper level fluid in platelet channel of electronic cell counter. The average lamellar body counts were $37.1{\pm}14.2{\times}10^3/{\mu}L$ in control group, $11.5{\pm}4.4 {\times}10^3/{\mu}L$ in DH group, and $6.5{\pm}0.9{\times}10^3/{\mu}L$ in TL group. Lamellar body count in DH group was lower than in control group and did not increase after TL. This study shows TL has no therapeutic effect on decreased surfactant level of CDH and the pregnant rabbit is appropriate for the animal model of CDH.