• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2008

목적 : 봉한소체가 성체줄기세포의 원천이며, 봉한관이 줄기세포 수송로일 가능성을 확인함. 방법 : 쥐의 내부 장기표면에서 봉한소체와 봉한관을 채취했다. 다양한 줄기세포 표지항체를 써서 면역조직학적 분석을 했다. 결과 : mesenchymal 줄기세포에 관한 Integrin ${\beta}1$, Collagen type 1, Fibronectin의 강한 발현을 확인했다. CD54는 발현되지 않았다. 조혈줄기세포에 관련하여 Thy 1의 발현이 있었다. 결론 : 골수조직과 유사하게 mesenchymal과 조혈줄기세포의 표지가 BHC에서 확인되었고, 봉한관에서는 vWF가 발현되어 줄기세포 수송로 가능성을 확인했다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2001

저품위 광석으로부터 유가 금속을 회수하기 위한 생물용출법의 적용에 있어 미생물의 활성은 매우 중요하며, 제련미생물은 금속이온에 대해 어느 정도 내성을 가지고 있어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 대표적인 제련미생물인 Thiobacillus ferrooxidans의 철산화속도에 미치는 단독 혹은 혼합 금속이온의 영향을 조사하여, T. ferrooxidans의 금속이온에 대한 내성 특성을 조사하였다. 생장 배지에 $Zn^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Ni^{2+}$, 및 $Cd^{2+}$를 단독으로 첨가한 경우(첨가농도범위, $Zn^{2+}$ 60g/L이하, $Cu^{2+}$, $Ni^{2+}$, 및 $Cd^{2+}$ 6 g/L 이하)에는 T. ferrooxidans에 의한 철산화속도는 금속이온의 첨가량에 크게 저해 받지 않았다. $Zn^{2+}$를 제외한 $Cu^{2+}$, $Ni^{2+}$, 및 $Cd^{2+}$의 2 성분 혹은 3 성분의 혼합금속이온을 첨가한 경우에는 T. ferrooxidans의 철산화 활성에 대한 혼합 금속이온의 저해 효과는 최대 50% 정도로 크게 나타나지는 않았다. 그러나, $Zn^{2+}$을 타 금속이온과 2 성분 혹은 3 성분을 혼합하여 생장 배지에 첨가한 경우에는 T. ferrooxidans의 철산화 활성 저해에 대한 혼합 금속이온의 상승 효과가 큰 것을 밝혔다.

• 대한한방종양학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.89-110
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• 1998

Yookmijihwangtang has been widely used oriental herb prescriptions, which is healing some discuss that come from insufficiency of innate essence and deficiency of kidney Ki. The meaning of healing discusses tonification of insufficient innate essence and insufficient kidney Ki can be regarded as reinforcement of wholely power of keeping homeostasis, that is correlated with immuno-responsibility which protects subject from outer antigen to keep normal vital condition. This study was aimed to investigate correlative effects of Yookmijihwangtang water abstract on the RBC, WBC, blood CD4+ T helper cell count, blood testosterone, blood cAMP and blood cortisol. 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 5 groups(Normal, Control, Sample I, Sample II, Sample III), 6 animals in every group. Normal group was not treated anything, control group was administrated normal saline in the same dosage of Sample I. 3 Sample groups were received some of Yookmijihwangtang water abstract at one time per 24 hours during 5 days in different dosage. Sample I(1/310pack/ml), Sample II(1/62pack/ml), Sample III(1/2.4pack/ml). After finishing treatment, all experimental subjects were killed for blood sample on RBC, WBC, blood CD4+ T helper cell count, spleen CD4+ T helper cell count, axillary lymph node CD4+ T helper cell count. blood cAMP, blood testosterone and blood cortisol. The results were as follows; RBC and WBC were increased in all sample groups. Blood CD4+ T helper cell count(CD4+ T cell count in the blood/whole lymphocyte count in the blood ${\times}100%$) was Normal $46.17{\pm}5.88$, Control $44.50{\pm}4.37$, Sample I $53.00{\pm}2.28$, Sample II $53.83{\pm}3.87$, Sample III $52.17{\pm}2.93$. By the 95% Duncan ANOVA all experimental groups(sample I, Sample II, Sample III) showed slight significant difference from Normal and Control. Blood cAMP(nmol/l) were Normal $1.12{\pm}0.17$, Control $1.16{\pm}0.32$, Sample I $0.46{\pm}0.07$, Sample II $0.44{\pm}0.04$, Sample III $0.54{\pm}0.04$. All experimental groups were singificantly different from both Normal and Control groups(p<0.05). Blood cortisol(nl/ml) were Normal $100.00{\pm}2.00$ Control $90.00{\pm}4.00$, Sample I $440.00{\pm}5.00$, Sample II $520.00{\pm}40.00$, Sample III $470.00{\pm}7.00$. Blood cortisol of all experimental groups were significantly increased(p<0.05). The results suggest that Yookmijihwangtang water abstract could be administrated to patients who have some diseases insufficient essence.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2006

Peripheral bood stem cell collection (PBSCC), including peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT), has been utilized worldwide as a very beneficial treatment method instead of allogenic Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) because it has many advantages such as rapid bone marrow engraftment and hematopoietic recovery, easy and safe accessibility and lower risk of rejection compared with allogenic BMT. In order to identify most the observable parameter in PBSCC, we analyzed various hematological parameters before and after PBSCC, and evaluated the correlation between the time of bone marrow engraftment and the number of CD34+ cells. Thirteen patients, who underwent 54 PBSCCs from January, 2003 to August, 2004 at Chungnam National University Hospital due to various systemic neoplasms, were analyzed in aspects of various hematological parameters including CD34+ cells using by Flow Cytometry (FCM). PBSCC harvests are described below: Mononuclear cells (MNC) $2.3{\pm}1.4{\times}10^8/kg$ and CD34+ cells $0.63{\pm}0.35{\times}10^6/kg$ on average, respectively. There was a statistical significance in Hb and Hct before and after PBSCC, but not in WBC and platelet counts. The period to reach the hematological bone marrow engraftment was 13.4(10~21) days and 19.5(11~38) days according to the criteria of absolute neutrophile counts (ANC) ${\geq}500/uL$ and platelet counts ${\geq}50,000/{\mu}L$ in peripheral blood, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the numbers of CD34+ cell and ANC (p<0.05), and a borderline significance between MNC and ANC (p=0.051). We found that a group of patients, who were infused with CD34+ cells more than $3.5{\times}10^6/kg$, reached more rapidly the period of bone marrow engraftment in platelet counts (p=0.040). This present study suggested that Hb and Hct were the most useful parameters and should be closely monitored before and after PBSCC, that a PBSCT with the dosage of more than $3.5{\times}10^6/kg$ of CD34+ cells was needed to perform successful bone marrow engraftment, and additionally that platelet counts could be more useful in indicating bone marrow engraftment than ANC.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2010

경남지역 논 토양의 중금속 관리를 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 260 지점을 대상으로 1999년부터 2007년까지 4년 주기로 분석하였다. 논 토양의 중금속 평균 함량은 Cd 0.426 (범위 0.003-1.379) mg $kg^{-1}$, Cr 1.189 (0.003-3.264) mg $kg^{-1}$, Cu 9.68 (0.05-22.38) mg $kg^{-1}$, Ni 2.64 (0.01-7.36) mg $kg^{-1}$, Pb 23.7 (0.7-54.1) mg $kg^{-1}$, Zn 20.8 (0.7-131.2) mg $kg^{-1}$, As 1.054 (0.001-2.110) mg $kg^{-1}$ 였다. 장기적인 변동조사 결과 경남지역 논 토양의 Cd, Ni 및 Zn 함량은 유의적으로 증가한 반면, Cr, Cu 및 As 함량은 유의적으로 감소하였고 Pb 함량은 큰 변화가 없었다. 논 토양 As 함량은 Cu 및 Pb와 고도로 유의적인 정의상관을 보인 반면, Cr 및 Ni 함량과는 유의적인 부의상관을 나타냈다. 경남지역 논 토양 중금속의 주성분 분석결과 고유값이 1.0 이상인 주성분은 3개였고 제 1주성분 (PC1)에 속하는 토양 중금속은 Cd (0.550), Ni (0.490), Zn (0.452) 및 Pb (0.422) 등 4개였으며 제 2주성분 (PC2)에 속하는 토양 중금속은 As (0.760) 및 Cr (-0.375)등 2개였고 제 3주성분 (PC3)에 속하는 토양 중금속은 Cu (0.740) 였다. 논 토양 중금속 함량의 특성은 제 1주성분이 34.3%, 제 2주성분이 17.5%로서 전체 51.8%의 자료를 설명할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2008

목 적: 종양 괴사 인자(TNF-${\alpha}$)에 대한 단 클론 항체인 infliximab으로 소아의 난치성 크론병에서의 치료와 관해 유도 치료제로서의 효과에 대한 치료 경험을 보고 하고자 한다. 방 법: 2001년 3월부터 2007년 8월까지 삼성서울병원에서 크론병으로 진단 받은 소아 청소년 중 기존 약제에 관해 유도되지 않는 불응성 크론병(스테로이드 의존성 포함)과 중증 활성 크론병을 가진 16명에서 infliximab (Remicade$^{(R)}$) 5 mg/kg를 관해 유도(0, 2, 8주) 주입하였으며 필요한 경우 8주 간격의 유지 치료를 시행하였고 누공성 크론병의 경우 누공의 상태에 따라 비정기적으로 주입하였다. 대상 환자들의 특징 및 치료 전 후의 질병 활성도, Hct, ESR, CRP, albumin을 paired t test를 이용하여 비교하였다. 결 과: 16명의 남녀비는 13/3이고 중앙 연령은 13세 (21개월~15세)였다. 투여 적응증은 불응성 크론병 7명(스테로이드 의존성 3명 포함), 중증 활성형 크론병의 관해 유도 7명, 누공성 크론병 2명이었다. Infliximab 투여 횟수는 평균 5.19${\pm}$3.41회(3~15회)였고 크론병 진단 후 infliximab 치료 시행까지의 기간 중앙값은 6.5개월(1개월~54개월)이었다. 환자들의 infliximab 투여 전PCDAI (pediatric crohn disease activity index)는 평균 34.19${\pm}$14.96이었으며 마지막 투여 후 2~4주 이내 PCDAI는 6.88${\pm}$10.31로 투여 후 통계적으로 유의한 호전을 보였다(p=0.000). 다른 혈액학적 표지자로 ESR (p=0.000), serum albumin (p=0.016), CRP (p=0.009)가 투여 전후로 의미 있는 호전을 보였으며 적혈구 용적률 (hematocrit)의 호전은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다(p=0.075). 고식적인 치료에 관해 유도 되지 않았던 난치성 환자 4명 중 2명에서 관해 유도가 가능하였으며 스테로이드 의존성 환자 3명 중 2명에서 스테로이드 중단 1명에서 스테로이드 감량이 가능하였다. 누공이 동반되거나 중등도 이상의 크론병에서 스테로이드를 포함하는 다른 면역 조절제 사용 전에 top-down 요법을 시행한 7명 모두에서 6주 이내에 관해가 되었다. 난치성 누공 치료에서도 10명 중 9명에서 호전되었다. 결 론: Infliximab을 사용하여 소아 불응성 크론병에서 관해 유도와 유지 및 스테로이드 감량 또는 중단이 가능하였으며 중등도 이상의 크론병에서 top-down 관해 요법으로도 비교적 효과적이었다. 앞으로 장기간의 추적 관찰을 통한 효과 판정 및 부작용 관찰을 요한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 1991

Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase(CGTase) derived from Bacillus macerans was immobilized by (1) covalent linkage on chitosan and chitin with glutaraldehyde, (2) adsorption on DEAE-cellulose and Amberite IRA 900 after succinylation, and (3) entrapment on alginate and polyacrylamide by cross linking. Adsorption on Amberite IRA 900 and covalent linking on chitosan were identified to be the most suitable immobilization methods considering the yield of activity and stability of immobilized CGTase. The enzymatic properties of immobilized CGTase were investigated and compared with those of the soluble CGTase. Thermal stability of CGTase immobilized on chitosan was increased from 50 to $55^{\circ}C$, and the optimum temperature of CGTase immobilized on Amberite IRA 900 was shifted from 55 to $50^{\circ}C$. The effect of molecular size of soluble starch (substrate) on immobilized CGTase investigated using partially liquefied substrates with different dextrose equivalent(DE). Cyclodextrin(CD) conversion yield augmented according to the increase of DE level for immobilized CGTase on Amberite IRA 900. CD conversion yield of partially cyclized starch with soluble CGTase was higher compared with liquefied one with ${\alpha}-amylase$.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2008

Adsorption experiment was carried out to find the adsorption capacity and characteristics of heavy metals(Cd, Pb) onto soil and mixed soil with food compost. Result showed that mixed soil having higher organic content adsorbed more heavy metal than soil, indicating that food compost can be used effectively to prevent soil pollution. Linear adsorption isotherm which adopted to find the adsorption characteristics was used to calculate Retardation Factor(R). The value of Retardation Factor(R)s of Pb and Cd in mixed soil, found as 34.54, 24.42 respectively, are higher than those in soil which were found as 4.64, 3.67, respectively. The value of Retardation Factor(R) using Freundlich adsorption isotherm could be presented by the functions of concentration and showed similar result as the linear one. But Freundlich adsorption isotherm showed higher relationship than linear one and the retardation factor(R) from freundlich adsorption isotherm was thought as more effective method to assess adsorption capacity because it could reflect gradient and intercept of the isotherm.

• ALGAE
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.349-354
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• 2003

This paper reports that the heavy metal accumulation in marine seaweeds. Algal samples collected from Korean coast were analyzed to determine the concentrations of Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn and Pb. In general, heavy metals were found to be concentrated in many kinds of Korean seaweeds. The concentration levels of accumulated heavy metals in the marine seaweeds was in the following order: Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Cd. The concentrations of the heavy metals in the seawater were the highest in Iyajin harbor. Sargassum horneri, a brown alga accumulated high concentrations of Cu (80.66 ${\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dw) and Cr (31.54 ${\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dw). The high concentrations of heavy metals were accumulated in the brown algae.

• 환경생물
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2005

The population of river otter (Lutra lutra) has been declined most of the world due to hunting, habitat destruction and indirect or direct influences of eutrophication, acidification and toxic chemicals. This study is conducted to identify the population decline of river otter in Korea with relation to environmental pollution caused by accumulation of heavy and flared metals. The field survey was conducted during Jan~Dec, 2004 at a monthly basis by collecting spraints. A total of 228 spraints were collected and analysis was done by ICP-AES. The concentrations of fourteen metals (Cr, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe, Co, Mn, Mg, Cu, Al, Ba Hg, As) have been determined. Annual concentrations of Cd $(1.38{\mu}g\;g^{-1}),\;Zn\;(599.06\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1}),\;Pb\;(5.54\;{\mu}g\;g^{-1})$ at Gucheon were higher than those of Yeonchocheon. Concentrations of $Cr\;(5.01{\mu}g\;g^{-1}),\;Ni\;(1.91{\mu}g\;g^{-1}),\;Co\;(0.25{\mu}g\;g^{-1})$ were higher at Yeonchocheon. Most metals in winter were significantly increased (P<0.05) as season progressed from spring to winter. $Pb\;(15.58{\mu}g\;g^{-1}),\;Cu\;(15.15{\mu}g\;g^{-1}),\;a;Guchoen\;and\;Cr\;(5.77{\mu}g\;g^{-1})$ at Yeonchocheon were high in the downstream of winter.