• 센서학회지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.414-422
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• 1997

CSVT(close spaced vapor transport)법으로 CdS/CdTe 이종접합 태양전지의 창재에 적합한 낮은 비저항과 적절한 광투과도를 갖는 CdS막을 증착하였다. 기판온도, 분위기압, 소스온도 등의 증착조건에 따른 CdS막의 전기적 및 광학적 특성을 조사하였다. 최적 증착조건은 기판온도 $300^{\circ}C$, 분위기압 100mTorr 및 소스온도 $730^{\circ}C$였으며, 이 때 증착된 CdS 막의 비저항은 $7.21{\times}10^{3}{\Omega}cm$있으며 광투과도는 63%이상이었다. 일반적인 고진공증착법으로 제조된 CdS막에 비해서 결정성이 크게 향상되었고 비저항은 약 3승정도 감소하였으며 광투과도는 비슷하여 창재로서 우수한 특성을 나타내었다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.492-499
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• 2021

Purpose: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine caused by an abnormal immune response to gluten proteins and is often characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms. Food allergy (FA) is an adverse immune sensitivity to ingested food proteins leading to inflammation in various organs including the gastrointestinal tract. The relationship between CD and FA remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and clinical relevance of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food sensitization in children with CD. Methods: Fifty-nine children diagnosed with CD were reviewed for clinical symptoms and evidence of IgE-sensitization to food and airborne allergens using the PolyCheck method. Results: IgE-mediated sensitization has been diagnosed in 20.3% of children with CD (CD/A). In the CD/A group, 58.3% of children were sensitized to food and 66.7% to airborne allergens. Further, 41.7% of patients with CD and allergy reported gastrointestinal tract symptoms associated with the ingestion of sensitizing foods. Analysis of the clinical status revealed that the incidence of other allergic disorders in the CD/A group was as follows: atopic dermatitis (33.3%), asthma (25.0%), and allergic rhinitis (16.7%). The percentage of eosinophils was significantly higher in the CD/A group than in the CD group (0.33±0.25 vs. 0.11±0.09; p=0.006). Conclusion: The diagnosis of CD does not exclude FA. The gastrointestinal symptoms in children with CD may be the result of both CD and FA; therefore, children with CD should be evaluated for the presence of FA regardless of age.

• 환경생물
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.218-222
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• 2001

3주간 생장한 닭의장풀을 Hoagland용액 $(\pm{100\mu{M}\;Cd^{2+}$ 또는 $100\mu{M}\;Cd^{2+}+100\mu{M\; SA)$에서 4일 동안 수경 재배한 후 $Cd^{2+}$ 및 살리실릭산(SA) 처리시, 닭의장풀의 뿌리와 분리 표피에서의 $Cd^{2+}$ 농도와 nonprotein-SH 합성을 측정하였다. $Cd^{2+}$ 처리구에서는 $98\mu{M}\;Cd^{2+}/g.fr.wt$이 검출되었다. 이는 대조구에 비해 약 6배 증가한 것이다. $Cd^{2+}$을 SA와 같이 처리한 경우$Cd^{2+}$만 처리한 경우보다 뿌리에서 약 1.2배의 $Cd^{2+}$이 증가하였다. $Cd^{2+}$처리는 nonprotein-SH농도를 약 2배 이상 증가시켰다. $Cd^{2+}$을 SA와 같이 처리한 경우 $Cd^{2+}$만 처리한 경우보다 뿌리에서 nonprotein-SH농도는 약 2배 증가되었다. 분리표피에서 $Cd^{2+}$+SA 처리는 $Cd^{2+}$ 처리구에 비해 $Cd^{2+}$농도를 약 1.1배 증가시켰으며, 뿌리에서는 약 1.2배 증가시켰다. Nonprotein-SH도 합성도 뿌리와 비슷하게 $Cd^{2+}$농도에 의존하며 증가되었으며, $Cd^{2+}$+SA처리는 nonprotein-SH합성을 $Cd^{2+}$처리구에 비해 약 2배 증가시켰다. 위 결과로부터 신호전달물질인 SA처리는 $Cd^{2+}$ 흡수를 촉진시키며, 아울러 non-protein-SH 합성 과정에도 영향을 주는 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 학술대회 논문집 전문대학교육위원
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• pp.56-59
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• 2000

$CdGaInS_4$ and $CdGaInS_4:Er^{3+}$ single crystals crystallized in the rhombohedral(hexagonal) structure. with lattice constants $a=3.913{\AA},\;c=37.245{\AA}$ for $CdGaInS_4$, and $a=3.899{\AA}$ and $c=36.970{\AA}$ for $CdGaInS_4:Er^{3+}$. The optical absorption measured near the fundamental band edge showed that the optical energy band structure of these compounds had a direct and indirect band gap. the direct and indirect energy gaps are found to be 2.771 and 2.503 eV for $CdGaInS_4$, and 2.665 and 2.479 eV for $CdGaInS_4:Er^{3+}$ at 10 K. The temperature dependence of the optical energy gap was well represented by the Varshni equation. In $CdGaInS_4$, the values of ${\alpha},\;{\beta}$ of the direct and the indirect energy gap were found to be $7.57{\times}10^{-4}eV/K$. $6.53{\times}10^{-4}eV/K$ and 240K. 197K. and the values of ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ of the direct and the indirect energy gap in the $CdGaInS_4:Er^{3+}$ were given by $8.28{\times}10^{-4}eV/K,\;2.08{\times}10^{-4}eV/K$ and 425 K, 283 K, respectively.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.54-62
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• 1993

Cd2+ 이온으로 이온교환된 제올라이트 A를 650℃에서 2 ×10-6 T orr의 진공하에서 탈수한 구조 (a:l2.189(2)A)와 이 결정에 요오드가 흡착된 구조 (a:l2.168(2) A)를 21℃에서 입방공간군 Pm3m를 사용하여 단결정 X-선회절법으로 해석하고 정밀화하였다. 탈수한 가In-A의 구조 는 Full-rmoix 최소자승법 정밀화 계산에서 I > 3σ(I)인 186개의 독립반사를 사용하여 최종오차인자를 Rl:0.057, Ra:0.003 까지 정밀화 계산하였고, 이 결정을 요오드로 흡착시킨 구조는 181 개의 독립 반사를 사용하려 Rl = 0.082, R2 : 0.085가지 정밀화시켰다. 두 결정에서 단위세포당 6개의 Cd2+ 이온은 서로 다른 2개의 3회 회전축상에 위치 하고 있었다. 요오드가 흡착된 구조에서 4개의 Cd2+ 이온 은 0(3)의 (111) 평면에서 큰 동공쪽으로 약 0.68(1) A 들어간 I3- 이온이 결합하고 있고 나머지 2개의 Cd2+ 이온은 0(3)의 (111) 평면에서 소다라이트 동공 깊숙히 약 0.68(1) A 들어간 자리에 위치 하고 있다. 단위세포당 약 4개의 I이온이 큰 동공내에 흡착되었다. 각각의 I-는 6-링 Cd2+와 골조의 8-링 산소에 다리를 놓고 있으며 0(1)-I(1)-I(2) 각도는 172(1)˚로써 거의 선형이고 약한 전 하이동 착물을 골조의 8-링 산소와 이루고 있다. 큰 동공 내에 존재하는 I이온은 부분적으로 탈수된 효In-A에서 요오드 증기와 물분자가 반응하여 H+이온과 I-이온이 생성된 후 다시 I이온과 l2 분자와 반응하여 생성되었을 것이다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.87-116
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine of the effect of Kami-chungsimyeunjatang(KCSYJT) medicine on the atopy eruption control. Methods : The expression of IgE, IL-4, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, IgG2b, IgM, IgG2a and IgG1 level in serum, and $IFN-{\gamma}$ production by KCSYJT were analyzed. CD3e+/CD69+, CD4+/CD25+, B220+/IgE+ and B220+/CD23+ positive cells by flow cytometry in splenocytes were assayed and the revelation of CD3e+/CD69+, CD4+/CD8+ and CD4+/CD25+ marker in PBMC, spleen and DLN were observed. The outturn of IL-4, eotaxin 2, CCR3, TARC mRNA in splenocytes werw observed. We also analyzed NC/Nga mice's ear, DLN and neck-back skin after biopy and dye by H&E, and toluidine staining (mast cells marker) method, measured about epidermis and dermis part in comparison with control group. Results : NC/Nga mice suffered from dermatitis very similar to human AD with IgE hyperproduction. Specially, result that measure IgE content in serum on 8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks decreased remarkably than control group. After experiment end, result that observe revelation CD3e+/CD69+, CD4+/CD8+ and CD4+/CD25+ marker in PBMC, spleen and DLN establishment observed recover as normal with political background. And decreased than result control group which measure IL-4, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, IgG2b, IgM, IgG2a, IgG1 level in serum, and $IFN-{\gamma}$ production secreted in Th1 cell displayed increase by KCSYJT medicines. Ear thickness decrease than control group in result that observe effect that get in ear of a NC/Nga mouse. Course inflammation immunocyte etc.. permeated of result that effect that KCSYJT medicines get to NC/Nga mouse's skin establishment analyzes ear, DLN and neck-back skin after biopy, and dye by H&E, and toluidine staining (mast cells marker) method decreased about epidermis. and inflammation of dermis part remarkably than control group. Immunohistochemical examination of the skin lesion showed decrease by KCSYJT medicines on numbers of mast cells (CCR3) and CD4+ T cells containing IL-4 necessary for IgE. Conclusions : Th1 cell and Th2 cell was observed to be shift by secretion amount of IL-4 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ by KCSYJT medicines. Therefore, the KCSYJT medicine turned out to be useful in allergy autoimmune disease.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 1997

CdS/CuInSe2 태양전지에서 창측재료로 1μm 두께의 CdS박막을 1x10-3mTorr의 진공하에서 CdS source 온도를 800-1100'C로 하고 기판의 온도를 50-200℃로하여 진공증차겁으로 제조하였다. 증착된 CdS박막의 구조적, 전기적, 광학적 특성조사는 x-ray diffractometer(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM), 전기비저항 측정, Hall measurement 그리고 optical transmission spectra로 행하였고, 각막들의 성분분석은 energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX)를 가하나, 광투과도는 감소하였다. 이때 증착된 CdS 박막들은 모두 hexagonal 구조를 가지고 있었으며, 결정성은 기판유리를 딸 (002)면으로 형성되었다. CdS Source 온도가 1000℃에서 증착된 CdS 박막이 0.9(S/cm)의 가장 높은 전기 전도도를 나타내었다. 또한 기판온도를 100'C로 제조한 CdS 박막이 전기비저항은 40(Ω,cm)이었고 광투과도는 80% 이상의 값을 나타내어 CdS/CuInSe2 태양전지의 창측재료로 적합했다.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.188-192
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• 2012

in-situ 무유화 유화중합 및 후속 CdS 코팅 공정으로 이루어진 방법을 이용하여 CdS로 코팅된 PMMA 나노입자를 제조하고 그 특성을 분석하였다. 합성된 CdS/PMMA 나노입자의 크기는 201.7 nm 였으며, TGA 및 원소 분석 결과 10.37 wt%의 CdS를 함유하고 있었다. PMMA 입자 표면에 코팅된 CdS 나노결정의 크기는 3.55 nm였으며 주로 (111) 결정면으로 성장되었다. UV-vis 분석 결과 blue-shifting 현상이 관찰되었으며, 이는 CdS/PMMA 하이브리드 입자상태에서의 CdS는 벌크 상태의 CdS가 갖는 2.41 eV의 밴드갭 에너지보다 큰 2.70 eV를 갖기 때문에 발생하는 양자구속효과에 의하여 기인하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.127-128
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• 2015

Tumor metastasis involves circulating and tumor-initiating capacities of metastatic cancer cells. Hepatic TM4SF5 promotes EMT for malignant growth and migration. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarkers remain unexplored for metastatic potential throughout metastasis. Here, novel TM4SF5/CD44 interaction-mediated self-renewal and circulating tumor cell (CTC) capacities were mechanistically explored. TM4SF5-dependent sphere growth was correlated with $CD133^+$, $CD24^-$, ALDH activity, and a physical association between CD44 and TM4SF5. The TM4SF5/CD44 interaction activated c-Src/STAT3/ Twist1/ B mi1 signaling for spheroid formation, while disturbing the interaction, expression, or activity of any component in this signaling pathway inhibited spheroid formation. In serial xenografts of less than 5,000 cells/injection, TM4SF5-positive tumors exhibited locally-increased CD44 expression, suggesting tumor cell differentiation. TM4SF5-positive cells were identified circulating in blood 4 to 6 weeks after orthotopic liver-injection. Anti-TM4SF reagents blocked their metastasis to distal intestinal organs. Altogether, our results provide evidence that TM4SF5 promotes self-renewal and CTC properties supported by $CD133^+/TM4SF5^+/CD44^+^{(TM4SF5-bound)}/ALDH^+/CD24^-$ markers during HCC metastasis.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권5호
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• pp.711-719
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• 2010

We investigated physiological responses and phytoextraction ability of Pinus thunbergii in cadmium contaminated soil as part of our efforts in identifying plant materials for the restoration and revegetation of forest soil contaminated by heavy metals. Thirty seedlings (ten per treatment) were assigned to three treatments (control, 0.3 and 0.6 mM $CdSO_4$ solution) at first year experiment. At second year, ten seedlings per treatment treated with Cd during the first year experiment were divided by two groups (no Cd-treated and consecutive Cd-treated group). At first experiment, photosynthetic pigment content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities have significantly reduced by Cd application, and the reduction rate was increased much higher as the rate of Cd application increased. On the other hand, thiol and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly increased at the application of 0.6 mM of Cd. At the second year experiment, a general increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid content was observed with Cd treatment while SOD and GR activities showed a relative reduction compared to the control. Similar to the first year measurement, thiol and MDA contents also increased considerably due to Cd treatment. At harvest, dry matter was significantly reduced by Cd treatment especially at the rate of 0.6 mM Cd, but dry yield of P. thunbergii treated with 0.3 mM Cd was less affected and it was comparable with the control seedling. Cadmium concentration in seedling tissues increased with increasing Cd application rate while Cd uptake was higher in seedlings supplied with 0.3 mM Cd, which could be ascribed to their high dry matter. Overall, our study has demonstrated the unique physiological response of P. thunbergii to Cd-prolonged exposure by showing that the changes in photosynthetic pigment content and antioxidative enzyme activities were dependent on the concentration and duration of treatment. In addition, our results have demonstrated the potential of P. thunbergii to withstand up to 0.3 mM Cd (equivalent to cumulative Cd concentration of 134.4 to 268 mg $kg^{-1}$) without showing growth reduction, hence it might be used for phytoremediation of Cd contaminated areas.