• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.439-447
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• 2020

We investigated the immune restoration activity of Undaria pinnatifida fucoidan-rich extract in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 80 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide (CP) and orally administered with either drinking water (DW), red ginseng extract (RG), or one of three different doses of Undaria pinnatifida fucoidan-rich extract (DSU02 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg). After 14 days, liver, spleen, and whole blood were isolated from each animal. The frequencies of NK and CD³⁺, CD⁴⁺, and CD⁸⁺ T cells were significantly increased in splenocytes isolated from the DSU02 100 mg/kg and DSU02 150 mg/kg groups (NK1.1+, 5.4% or 4.9% vs 3.8%; CD³⁺, 39.3% or 37.9% vs 32.3%; CD4+, 22% or 20.2% vs 17.4%; CD8+, 12.7% or 11.6% vs 10.1%). NK cytotoxicity was enhanced in the DSU02-fed groups at all doses (CP-treated DW, 93.4%; RG, 107.2%; DSU02 50, 107.3%; DSU02 100, 107.3%; DSU02 150, 107.1%), and the proliferation of T cells (CD³⁺, CD⁴⁺, and CD⁸⁺) was also greater in the DSU02 100 mg/kg and DSU02 150 mg/kg administered groups compared with the unfed group. Plasma concentrations of TNF-α, IgM, and total IgG from the DSU02 150 mg/kg group were also significantly higher compared with the other groups (TNF-α: CP-treated DW - 21.5 pg/ml, DSU02 150 - 47.1 pg/ml; IgM: CP-treated DW - 82.9 ng/ml, DSU02 150 - 110.8 ng/ml; total IgG: CP-treated DW - 114.4 ng/ml, DSU02 150 - 162.7 ng/ml). We suggest that Undaria pinnatifida fucoidan-rich extract could be a promising candidate for a marine natural immune stimulator.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.206-210
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• 2022

Calystegia dahurica (Herb.) Choisy is a natural product that has not been studied for efficacy or active ingredients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the activation effect of natural killer cells using a natural extract composition based on Calystegia dahurica (Herb.) Choisy extract (CDCE). We evaluated the activity of natural killer cells in natural products using PBMCs from healthy participants. All natural products were extracted with 50% ethanol. Based on the results of the cell viability assay, PBMCs of healthy participants were treated with extracts at various concentrations. Then, analysis was performed using flow cytometry to measure the cd107a surface expression of natural killer cells. As a result, treatment with a single extract of PBMCs increased the expression of cd107a in a concentration-dependent. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the treatment of the extract composition showed the highest expression of cd107a. In conclusion, it is expected that the extract composition containing CDCE according to this study can be used for prevention or treatment of cancer cells, tumor cells, and immune diseases.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2019

We report the fabrication of a CdS/CuInGaSe (CdS/CIGS) structure with carbon nanotubes and its application as a photocathode for photoelectrochemical water splitting. CIGS thin films were fabricated using co-evaporation by RF magnetron sputtering, while CdS was fabricated by chemical bath deposition. Spray coated multi-wall carbon nanotube (CNT) film on CdS/CIGS thin film was investigated as a photocathode. The CNT-coated CdS/CIGS showed superior photocurrent density and exhibited improved photostability.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.309-313
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• 2001

카드뮴 내성 식물을 선별하기 위하여 5종류의 야초류의 카드뮴 내성검정을 실시하였다. 카드뮴 용액에 14일간 노출된 야초류의 발아율, 유식물의 뿌리와 지상부의 생장율, 생체량을 측정하였다. 어저귀와 털비름의 발아율은 모든 농도에서 90%이상으로 나타났으나 자귀풀과 물피, 식용피는 15 mgCdSO₄ /L에 노출되었을 때부터 감소하기 시작했다. 뿌리와 지상부의 길이 생장은 농도가 증가할수록 모두 감소하였으며, 생체량의 경우 물피, 식용피, 털비름은 대조구와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 어저귀와 자귀풀은 60 mgCdSO₄ /L에 노출되었을 때부터 크게 감소하였다. 또한 어저귀, 자귀풀, 털비름의 EC/sub 50/(Effective Concentration 50%)은 뿌리성장에서는 54 mgCdSO₄ /L, 77.5 mgCdSO₄ /L ,44.5 mgCdSO₄ /L이고, 지상부 성장에서는 114 mgCdSO₄ /L, 73.5 mgCdSO₄ /L, 38.6 mgCdSO₄ /L였으며, 생체량에서는 107.5 mgCdSO₄ /L, 67.5 mgCdSO₄ /L, 60 mgCdSO₄ /L였다. 야초류 간의 카드뮴에 대한 sensitivity는 뿌리 > 생체량 > 지상부 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 어저귀가 카드뮴에 대한 내성을 가지고 있음을 나타낸다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.100-107
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• 1998

A numerical analysis of thermal stress over temperature variations near the crystal-melt interface is carried out for a floating-zone growth of Cadmium Telluride (CdTe). Thermocapillary convection determines crystal-melt interfacial shape and signature of temperature in the crystal. Large temperature gradients near the crystal-melt interface yield excessive thermal stresses in a crystal, which affect the dislocations of the crystal. Based on the assumption that the crystal is elastic and isotropic, thermal stresses in a crystal are computed and the effects of operating conditions are investigated. The results show that the extreme thermal stresses are concentrated near the interface of a crystal and the radial and the tangential stresses are the dominant ones. Concentrated heating profile increases the stresses within the crystal, otherwise, the pulling rate decreases the stresses.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.107-116
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• 1974

생쥐 小腸의 deoxycytidine-2-$^14 C$ (CdR-2-$^14 C$)와 deoxyuridine-2-$^14 C$ (UdR-2-$^14 C$)의 代謝를 관계酵素의 熱處理에 대한 영향과 관련해서 in vitro에서 고찰하였다. CdR-2-$^14 C$는 CdR-aminohydrolase의 作用에 의해서 먼저 nucleoside level에 급속히 deamination된 후, nucleosidase의 作用에 의해 uracil로 分解된다. 생쥐 小腸에서는 nucleosidase 가 CdR과 CR에는 親和力이 없기 때문에 이들 cytosine nucleoside의 N-pentose 結合을 分解하지 못하는 것으로 보인다. CdR-aminohydrolase는 $80^\\circ C$ 높은 不活性化溫度를 나타냈으며, 이에 반해서 nucleosidase는 $60^\\circ C$에서 不活性化가 되었다. 品種이 다른 생쥐의 여러 組織에 있는 CdR-aminohydrolase는 모두 $80^\\circ C$에서 不活性化됨이 관찰되었으나, 토끼 組織에서는 $80^\\circ C$에서도 不活性化가 일어나지 않는 점으로 미루어 不活性化溫度에는 "屬"特異性이 있는 것으로 짐작된다. 哺乳類의 分化된 組織에서 CdR-aminohydrolase 가 出現하는 生物學的 意味는 주로 分解過程과 有關한 것으로 생각된다. 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.106-107
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• 2006

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) films have been prepared on Corning 7059 glass, molybdenum (Mo), and polyimide (PI) substrates by r.f. magnetron sputtering technique. The influence of the sputter pressure on the structural and optical properties of these films was evaluated. In addition, a comparison of the properties of the films deposited on fferent substrates was performed.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2007

4-1BB (CD137), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is expressed on activated T-cells, and 4-1BB signaling due to interaction with 4-1BB ligand or ligation with anti-4-1BB monoclonal antibody (mAb) costimulates T cells. It has been shown that administration of anti-4-1BB mAb induces anti-tumor immunity in mice, but the nature of the cellular subsets responsible for this immunity is uncertain. In this study we found that anti-4-1BB mAb administration to B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice induced marked expansion of $CD11c^+CD8^+$ T-cells in parallel with suppression of pulmonary tumors. The mAb-treated mice produced higher levels of $IFN-{\gamma}$ in their tumor tissues, spleen and lymph nodes than mice exposed to control antibody. When the $CD11c^+CD8^+$ T-cells were purified and re-stimulated in vitro, they produced high levels of the Th1 cytokines, $IFN-{\gamma}$ and IL-2, but low levels of the Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10. Furthermore, they expressed high levels of 4-1BB and CD107a, a marker of activated cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Our results suggest that $CD11c^+CD8^+$ T-cells play a role in the anti-tumor immunity induced by anti-4-1BB mAb.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7857-7861
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• 2014

Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in anti-tumor immunity. Interleukin (IL)-18 is an immunoregulatory cytokine that induces potent NK cell-dependent anti-tumor responses when administrated with other cytokines. In this study, we explored the effects of combining IL-18 and IL-2 on NK cytotoxicity as well as expression levels of the NK cell receptor NKG2D in vitro. Freshly isolated PBMCs were incubated for 48 h with IL-18 and IL-2, then CD107a expression on $CD3^-CD56^+$ NK cells was determined by three-colour flow cytometry to evaluate the cytotoxicity of NK cells against human erythroleukemia K562 cells and human colon carcinoma HT29 cells. Flow cytometric analysis was also employed to determine NKG2D expression on NK cells. The combined use of IL-18 and IL-2 significantly increased CD107a expression on NK cells compared with using IL-18 or IL-2 alone, suggesting that the combination of these two cytokines exerted synergistic enhancement of NK cytotoxicity. IL-18 also enhanced NKG2D expression on NK cells when administered with IL-2. In addition, blockade of NKG2D signaling with NKG2D-blocking antibody attenuated the up-regulatory effect of combining IL-18 and IL-2 on NK cytolysis. Our data revealed that IL-18 synergized with IL-2 to dramatically enhance the cytolytic activity of human NK cells in a NKG2D-dependent manner. The results appear encouraging for the use of combined IL-18 and IL-2 in tumor immunotherapy.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.107.1-107.1
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• 2014

We have developed and commercialize a time-of-flight - medium energy ion scattering spectrometry (TOF-MEIS) system (model MEIS-K120). MEIS-K120 adapted a large solid acceptance angle detector that results in high collection efficiency, minimized ion beam damage while maintaining a similar energy resolution. In addition, TOF analyzer regards neutrals same to ions which removes the ion neutralization problems in absolute quantitative analysis. A TOF-MEIS system achieves $7{\times}10^{-3}$ energy resolution by utilizing a pulsed ion beam with a pulse width 350 ps and a TOF delay-line-detector with a time resolution of about 85 ps. TOF-MEIS spectra were obtained using 100 keV $He^+$ ions with an ion beam diameter of $10{\mu}m$ with ion dose $1{\times}10^{16}$ in ordinary experimental condition. Among TOF-MEIS applications, we report the quantitative compositional profiling of 3~5 nm CdSe/ZnS QDs, As depth profile and substitutional As ratio of As implanted/annealed Si, Ionic Critical Dimension (CD) for FinFET, Direct Recoil (DR) analysis of hydrogen in diamond like carbon (DLC) and InxGayZnzOn on glass substrate.