• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.9
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• pp.1048-1052
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• 2009

Plastic bronchitis is a rare disease characterized by the recurrent formation of branching mucoid bronchial casts that are large and more cohesive than those that occur in ordinary mucus plugging. Casts may vary in size and can be spontaneously expectorated, but some require bronchoscopy for removal. Plastic bronchitis can therefore present as an acute life-threatening emergency if obstruction of the major airways occurs. Three of 22 reported patients with eosinophilic casts were fatal, with death due to central airway obstruction. Here, we report a child with no history of atopy, allergy, or congenital heart disease who was diagnosed with plastic bronchitis with eosinophilic casts. Although he was administered intravenous (iv) antibiotics; iv corticosteroids; and a vigorous pulmonary toilet regimen, including chest physiotherapy and routine bronchoscopic removal of casts, he had brain death secondary to hypoxic brain damage. Plastic bronchitis can be fatal when casts obstruct the major airways, as in the present case. Clinicians should intervene early if a patient exhibits signs and symptoms consistent with plastic bronchitis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2005

Statement of problem. Anatomic landmarks have been used in the orientation of occlusal plane and the determination of vertical dimension for edentulous patients. Such as labial vestibules of anterior region and hamular notches, retromolar pads of posterior region are very useful anatomic landmarks for fabrication of occlusion rim because they are to be identified on master casts. Therefore, if average distances between landmarks of maxillae and mandible in dentate subjects are measured and applied, not only occlusal plane but also vertical dimension can be established initially. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to measure vertical distances between anatomic landmarks and to present a guide to the orientation of occlusal plane and the determination of vertical dimension of edentulous patients. Material and method. Upper and lower border-molded casts were made in 93 Korean dentulous subjects, mean age 25 years. Incisal edges of central incisors, bottoms of labial vestibules, hamular notches and the half level of retromolar pads were marked on casts. Measurements of vertical distances from incisal edge of central incisor to the bottom of labial vestibule, between upper and lower bottoms of labial vestibules, from hamular notch to retromolar pad and from hamular notch to the occlusal plane established by the incisal edge of maxillary central incisor and mesiopalatal cusps of both maxillary first molars were made on each cast. Results and conclusion. 1. The mean distance from the incisal edge of central incisor to the bottom of labial vestibule was 20.8mm(SD 1.7) on upper casts and 17.3mm(SD 1.4) on lower casts. 2. The mean distance between both bottoms of labial vestibules of upper and lower casts was 35.0mm(SD 2.7). 3 The mean distance from hamular notch to the half level of retromolar pad was 5.0mm(SD 1.3). 4. The mean distance from hamular notch to occlusal plane was 7.9mm(SD 1.5). 5. Distances from incisal edge of central incisor to labial vestibule on lower casts(P<0.01) and from hamular notch to retromolar pad(P<0.0001) were greater in male than in female.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.191-203
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• 2005

Statement of problem. In Korea, the preliminary impression trays for dental and edentulous maxillae are manufactured on the base of the statistical value of Westerners. There had been less study on the dental and edentulous arches of Koreans. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an average dental cast, preliminary impression trays, three-dimensional relation of dental and edentulous maxilla of Koreans Material and methods. The subjects for this study were 173 dental casts of maxilla (dental: 52, edentulous : 146) with ages $18\{\sim}60$ years old. Each of the master casts was measured 69 measuring points on the dental cast or maxilla, and 46 measuring points on the edentulous cast of maxilla with three-dimensional digital measuring machine. Each measuring points were analysed and were overlapped, that three dimensional dental graphic manufactured by CAD/CAM system. Results. 1. A standard of distribution to alveolar bone were width between left and right buccal border lines of the standard 3/4 line. The mean value of dental and edentulous casts were 67.27mm, 63.49mm respectively. 2. Morphological classification of dental casts were divided into three groups or V-shape, O-shape, U-shape, that proportion of distribution were 17%, 16%, 67%, respectively. Dimensional classification of the dental casts were divided into five groups of less than 63mm, 63 up to 65mm, 65 up to 67mm. 67 up to 69mm, more than 69mm, respectively. 3. Morphological classification of edentulous casts were divided into three groups or V-shape, O-shape, U-shape, that proportion of distribution were 18%, 17%, 65%, respectively Dimensional classification of the edentulous casts were divided into five groups of less than 57mm, 57 up to 61mm, 61 up to 65mm, 65 up to 69mm, more than 69mm, respectively. 4. Mean dental and edentulous cast of maxilla were overlapped, the proportion of bone resorption to alveolar bone is higher than that of palatal bone, its difference were higher anterior 2/4 area than posterior 3/4 area. Conclusion. It obtains information of preliminary impression trays for dental and edentulous maxilla of Koreans.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.41 no.1 s.404
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

Wettability of addition silicone impression material is very important property for making an accurate restoration. This study examined theimpression quality in clinical condition and the wettability of impression material. Three commercially available addition silicone impression material (Imprint; 3M, USA, Examix; GC, Japan, Perfect; Handae, Korea) were studied. A total of 90 putty/wash impressions of semi-dried premolars and wet molar teeth were examined for void production in impression body. The percentae of the sulcus reproduction ability of each material was calculated from the sulcus depths of cross-sectioned casts from the impressions with stereomicroscope. Three impression materials were used to produce die stone casts from vcid entrapment die. Voids in the stone casts were counted with the stereomicroscpe. From the experiment, the following results were obtained: 1. In direct observation, Imprint showed greatest numbers of void in impression body (P<.001).However, correlations were not found between sulcus reproduction and void production. 2. Sulcus reproduction ability of additional silicone impression material was diminished in order of Imprint, Examix, Perfect. The significant difference was found between Imprint and other material (P<.001). 3. In void entrapment laboratory test, void productions was diminished in order of Examix, Imprint, Perfect. All voids in casts were less in delayed poured cast than immediately poured cast. 4. Especially, the stone pouring time of Perfect impression material should be delayed.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 1993

Ecological role of earthworms in red pine forest was investigated with emphasis on the population size, cast production and changes of physicoKDICical properties of soil by earthworm's activities. The density of earthworms was 62.8/m2 in August, 1992. Average biomass of earthworms was 16.3 g/m2. N and P concentrations in the tissue of earthworms were 28.5 mgN/g and 0.5 mgP/g, respectively. Cast production continued from April to November, with a peak in August. Annual production of earthworm casts was 5,379 g/m2. Bulk density of surface soil decreased due to the earthworm's cast-forming activity. Clay fraction in surface soil increased by addition of casts. Soil KDICical properties were significantly different between the surface soil and the earthworm casts. The amounts of organic matter, N, P, K, Ca and Mg added to the soil via earthworm casts during one year were 9.3t/ha, 11.29 kg/ha, 0.78 kg/ha, 12.36 kg/ha, 140.29 kg/ha and 20.96 kg/ha, respectively. Earthworms can feed on waxy and resinous litter when it became palatable by decomposing processes.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.317-328
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was performed to measure the accuracy of adjustable dental impression trays by a scanning laser three-dimensional digitizer. Materials and Methods: Metal stock tray and adjustable stock trays were used for 40 stone casts(10 casts each) duplicated a resin master model of mandible and maxilla. The type IV dental stone was poured in a allginate impressions and allowed to set for one hour. The casts were digitized using an optical digitizer. The distance between the reference points were measured and analyzed on the graphic image of 3-D graphic software (CATIA version 5.0). The statistical significance of the differences between the groups was determined by a two-way ANOVA. Results: There were no significant differences between the accuracies of the adjustable stock tray and the master model except anterior arch width of the upper arch and the diagonal arch length and arch length(one side) of the lower arch. Conclusion: The adjustable stock trays showed clinically acceptable accuracies of the study casts produced by them.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2019

Purpose: The goal of this study was to assess the accuracy and reliability of a low-cost portable scanner (Scanify) for imaging facial casts compared to a previously validated portable digital stereophotogrammetry device (Vectra H1). This in vitro study was performed using 2 facial casts obtained by recording impressions of the authors, at King's College London Academic Centre of Reconstructive Science. Materials and Methods: The casts were marked with anthropometric landmarks, then digitised using Scanify and Vectra H1. Computed tomography (CT) scans of the same casts were performed to verify the validation of Vectra H1. The 3-dimensional (3D) images acquired with each device were compared using linear measurements and 3D surface analysis software. Results: Overall, 91% of the linear Scanify measurements were within 1 mm of the corresponding reference values. The mean overall surface difference between the Scanify and Vectra images was <0.3mm. Significant differences were detected in depth measurements. Merging multiple Scanify images produced significantly greater registration error. Conclusion: Scanify is a very low-cost device that could have clinical applications for facial imaging if imaging errors could be corrected by a future software update or hardware revision.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.101-109
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• 1999

In order to investigate the possibility of treating the different mixture ratios of apple pomace and nightsoil sludge by vermicomposting was performed and the stability of worm casts, and availability of worm casts as plant growth media was evaluated by the analysis of chemical composition. The results were obtained as follows ; 1. The value of cast production at 100% apple pomace treatment was higher than those of other mixture ratios of apple pomace and nightsoil sludge. 2. The highest values of increasing rate and reproductive efficiency were obtained at mixture ratios of 60% apple pomace with 40% nightsoil sludge. 3. The value of increasing rate at 100% nightsoil sludge treatment was lower that those of other mixture ratios of apple pomace and nightsoil sludge. 4. Organic matter, available inorganic nutrients and stability of worm casts showed high values in all treatments. It means that worm casts are an excellent plant growth media source with a high chemical composition and their stability.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.18-29
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• 2002

As the inaccuracy which was made in implant impression prevented passive fit, it needed to solder the sectioned framework at several locations to correct the inaccuracy. Many clinicians have suggested impression techniques which could make passive fit between implant and superstructure. The purpose of this research was to measure and compare the accuracy of three methods of taking impression with the strain amplifier. The experimental groups were classified as follows : Group I : splinted the two parts with $Futar^{(R)}D$ Occlusion. Group II : splinted the two parts with $DuraLay^{(R)}$. Group III ; didn't splint the two parts. The results were as follows ; 1. The values of strain in the vertical and horizontal surfaces were increased in the order of group I, group II and group III. 2. Group 1 showed higher accuracy of the duplicated casts in the vortical and horizontal sur faces than group II and group III (p<0.05). 3. There were no significant differences in the accuracy of the duplicated casts between group II and group III. From the above results, it is considered that the splinting method of impression copings could make an influence on the accuracy of the master casts. To improve the accuracy of the master casts, splinting the squared impression copings with the additional silicone occlusion materials is recommendable.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.375-380
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• 2003

In this study. we have intended to control the properties of surface reaction zone generated between pure titanium and oxide investment moulds. Commercially pure titanium was centrifugally casted and silica$.$alumina based phosphate bonded investment was used as the mould material. The effect of cooling methods after casting on the surface reaction zone and mechanical properties of casts were investigated. The resulting casts showed the multilayered surface reaction zone regardless of cooling method. Especially. water cooling method produced the titanium casts with thinner surface reaction zone. weaker strength. and higher elongation properties compared to air cooling. It can thus be known that the resulting casts had satisfactory mechanical properties as dental materials. From these results, the cooling rate dependence of interfacial and mechanical properties can be attributed to the diffusion of oxygen from casting environment, which control the reaction of titanium and mould.