• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2024

Background: This study investigated the surgical outcomes associated with coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) in children. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 23 pediatric patients who underwent surgical closure of CAFs between 1995 and 2021. At presentation, 7 patients (30.4%) exhibited symptoms. Associated cardiac anomalies were present in 8 patients. Fourteen fistulas originated from the right coronary artery and 9 from the left. The most common drainage site was the right ventricle, followed by the right atrium and the left ventricle. The median follow-up duration was 9.3 years (range, 0.1-25.6 years) Results: The median age and body weight at repair were 3.1 years (range, 0-13.4 years) and 14.4 kg (range, 3.1-42.2 kg), respectively. Cardiopulmonary bypass was used in 17 cases (73.9%), while cardioplegic arrest was employed in 14 (60.9%). Epicardial CAF ligation was utilized in 10 patients (43.5%), the transcoronary approach in 9 (39.1%), the endocardial approach in 2 (8.7%), and other methods in 2 patients (8.7%). The application of cardioplegic arrest during repair did not significantly impact the duration of postoperative intensive care unit stay or overall hospital stay. One in-hospital death and 1 late death were recorded. The overall survival rate was 95.7% at 10 years and 83.7% at 15 years. A residual fistula was detected in 1 patient. During the follow-up period, no surviving patient experienced cardiovascular symptoms or coronary events. Conclusion: Surgical repair of CAF can be performed safely with or without cardioplegic arrest, and it is associated with a favorable prognosis in children.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2012.06d
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• pp.163-165
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• 2012

본 연구는 영상정보처리 프로그램을 사용하여 직접 이동하지 않고도 주변의 여러 카페들의 위치를 파악하고 각 카페의 층별 빈자리 수와 위치뿐만 아니라 메뉴, 무선인터넷 사용 가능 여부 등 카페 정보를 얻을 수 있는 모바일 어플리케이션을 설계 하고 구현한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.21-24
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• 2002

There is a trend with driveline lubricants toward improved thermal stability, vehicle component durability and fuel efficiency. These improvements can significantly reduce vehicle operating costs and improve customer satisfaction. Of these improvements, the fuel efficiency is getting a substantial attention due to recent focus on $CO_2$ emission control in Europe, Japan and $CAF{\'{E}}$ requirement in U.S.A. Lower viscosity axle oils and transmission fluids are currently being evaluated as potential solutions since these lubricants tend to reduce the churning losses and can improve the fuel efficiency. However, these lubricants should provide adequate gear and bearing protection, while increasing the overall efficiency of the driveline components. In this paper, the development of new fuel efficient axle was discussed with the focus on the effect of base oils, additives, and viscosity modifiers on the fuel efficiency of driveline components.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.402-411
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• 2005

Context-aware engineering services in ubiquitous environments are emerging as a viable alternative to traditional engineering services. Most of the previous approaches are computer-centered rather than human-centered. In this paper, we present a Ubiquitous and Context-Aware computing Framework for collaborative virtual Engineering $(U-CAF\acute{E})$ services. The proposed approach utilizes BPEL-based (Business Process Execution Language) process templates for engineering service orchestration and choreography and adopts semantic web-based context-awareness for providing human-centered engineering services. The paper discusses how to utilize engineering contexts and share this knowledge in support of collaborative virtual engineering services and service interfaces. The paper also discusses how Web services and JINI (Java Intelligent Network Infrastructure) services are utilized to support engineering service federations and seamless Interactions among persons, devices, and various kinds of engineering services.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.198-203
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• 2018

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome is a non-inherited rare condition that presents during childhood and is characterized by seizures, hemiplegia, mental retardation, cerebral hemiatrophy, calvarial thickening, and hyperpneumatization of the frontal sinuses. The present article highlights a case of a 12-year-old male child with additional clinical findings of $caf{\acute{e}}$-au-late pigmentation and ocular lipodermoid. This is the first case report of DykeDavidoff-Masson syndrome to describe oral manifestations, such as unilateral delayed eruption of teeth, hypoplasia, and taurodontism, which could be unique and characteristic of this condition. Oral health care providers and physicians should be aware of these oral observations as dental referrals could warrant early dental prophylactic care and can be useful in diagnosing the possible time of injury and type of Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.11b
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• pp.579-581
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 $11.7GHz{\sim}12.2GHz$ 주파수 대역의 무궁화 위성방송 송 수신기 정합표준 2.0과 디지털 위성방송 제한수신 정합 잠정표준을 만족하는 무궁화 위성방송 수신시스템 분야에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 상위 표준에 의거하여 제한 수신모듈을 탑재한 디지털 위성방송 수신장치 개발에 따른 타당성과 신뢰성을 검증하고자 Subscribed and Per-Per-View 채널 디스크램블링 및 가입자 관리(Subscriber Management)에 필요한 데이터 ECM, EMM, RCM 등의 데이터 축출과 처리과정을 모델링하고 모의 실험 수신기(IRD : Integrated Receiver and Decoder)를 제작하여 한국 전자통신연구원에서 작성한 "제한 수신 시스템 신뢰성 검증시험절차서"에 따라 동작반응을 시험하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.281-283
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• 2014

McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is characterized by a triad of poly/monostotic fibrous dysplasia, caf$\acute{e}$-au-lait macules and hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies including human growth hormone excess. Acromegaly as a manifestation of endocrine hyperfunction with MAS is uncommon. Surgical excision may be challenging due to the associated severe fibrous dysplasia of the skull base. Through the endoscopic procedures, we treated a case of MAS presenting with compressive optic neuropathy due to fibrous dysplasia and acromegaly caused by growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma. We reviewed the literature on GH excess in MAS to highlight its surgical and medical challenges.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.20
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• pp.347-370
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• 2010

In the latter part of the $20^{th}$ century, the road in American culture has been identified with independence, mobility, and speed, but in his seminal poem, "Song of the Open Road," Walt Whitman characterized road journeys as simultaneously physical, intellectual, and spiritual, a view embraced by Vincent Van Gogh whose Terrace of a Caf? at Night illustrates in paint what Whitman said in words. Others such as Jack Kerouac in On the Road followed in Whitman's tradition, one taken up even more recently by David Lynch, whose films are best known for a condemnation of American suburban life, but whose Straight Story evokes a profound spirituality as part of the road. This essay explores spirituality in these various texts.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.163-175
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find out how to improve the brand image and loyalty of cafe by recognizing that social culture of middle school cafe, which is an important service quality in cafe establishment, emerges as a main characteristic of new coffee business. First, reliability, confidentness, professionalism, accessibility, and socio - culturality of the service quality of coffee specialty shops improve brand image. Confidence and professionalism play an important role in enhancing brand loyalty, and brand image has a significant effect on brand loyalty. Respectively, Among the service quality, social culture has a strong influence on brand image but it is not a direct influence on brand loyalty. Second, in the relationship between brand loyalty of coffee service quality, brand image shows full mediation effect on reliability, partial mediation effect on confidence, professionalism, accessibility, socialcultural property, and mediation effect on response and empathy. Third, as a result of analyzing the moderating effects of coffee shop types on the relationship between service quality and brand image of coffee specialty shops, reliability, confidentiality, and accessibility are positive factors in the nationwide franchise. On the other hand, in the private $caf{\acute{e}}$, professionalism and socio-culturality are the main factors for improving the brand image. In the case of the local franchise, similar to the franchise in the country, the improvement of service quality for responsiveness and professionalism is a positive factor Respectively. As a result, nationwide franchise $caf{\acute{e}}s$ have priority in enhancing brand image and brand loyalty through accessibility and assurance of service quality. On the other hand, in case of local franchise $caf{\acute{e}}$, it can be seen that the service quality is enhanced and the brand image and brand loyalty can be further improved through service professionalism and accessibility. On the other hand, regional cafes are more important than national franchises or local franchise cafes, and a strategy to enhance customer loyalty is needed through service strategies emphasizing socio - cultural aspects.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.161-184
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• 2014

The dramatic rise of experience space using cultural heritage in modern architecture has been generally acknowledged in recent literature. The present study aims to investigate effective ways to enhance competitiveness in local experience space, with an emphasis on the use of cultural heritage in modern architecture. Using the case of the Sam-Rae Arts Village in Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk, this study analyzes the characteristics of the 4Es in experience economy theory. In order to arrive at findings that represent the variety of perspectives found in this context, qualitative interviews were conducted with three groups: public officials, maintenance staff in the experience center, and field experts. The results of this study revealed that the Visual Media Art Museum and Book Wooks were used for entertainment, the Corpentry Shop for education, the Book Museum for escapism, and the Design Museum Culture $Caf{\acute{e}}$ The O's for aestheticism. Additionally, depending on the commercial potential of the respective experience space, the Corpentry Shop, Book Wooks, and the Culture $Caf{\acute{e}}$ The O's were used for profit purposes while the Design Museum and the Visual Media Art Museum for non-profit. Based on the findings of the present study, effective ways to enhance competitiveness in the local experience space are suggested. First, the public nature of cultural enjoyment may be realized in a field that bears non-profit characteristics. In exhibiting works, the experience space could suggest the extra demonstration. Second, in the for-profit experience hall, the securing of tourists may help to maximize profit. In so doing, a variety of experience programs and activity spaces could be provided internally, while advertisement marketing through mobile and SNS could be reinforced externally.