• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.24 no.2 s.77
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• pp.93-103
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• 1996

In order to find out effect on the inorganic and organic compounds as a soil amendment to control Fusarium wilt of cucumber caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, this study was conducted during the last two years from 1993 to 1995. According to add 14 inorganic chemicals (1%, w/v) including $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ individually in vitro, these chemicals were confirmed their suppression, and especially Alum, CaO and $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ suppressed not only $20.9{\sim}25.0$ percent on mycelial growth of the fungus, but also inhibited $72.8{\sim}97%$ on conidial germination. $Ca(NO_3)_2$ suppressed mycelial growth only, while KCl, $K_2SO_4,\;NH_4NO_3$, and Urea suppressed conidial germination. The 7 chemicals were finally seleced. Composted pine bark (CPB) suppressed definely more than 90% on conidial germination in the different extract concentration (2,5 and 10%), although mycelial growth on extract medium of CPB and milled alfalfa leaves (MAL) were not remarkable. The antagonist Trichoderma sp. (Tr-3) mixed with an amended soil (1%, w/w) containing composted pine bark showed a good mycelial growth to compete the causal fungus. And the antagonist Pseudomonas sp. (7-1-3) was also confirmed its antagonistic ability with culture filterate. It is known that a CPB soil amendment mixed with the two antagonists (1%, w/w) controlled almost completely Fusarium wilt of cucumber in greenhouse pots and a field experiment. It is therefore expected that biocontrol on Fusarium wilt of cucumber by a soil amendment can be applied to farmmer's fields.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.1278-1287
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• 2002

To record the prevalence of macro-minerals deficiency in buffaloes, a survey was conducted in certain parts of Northern India. The prevalence of soil Ca, P, Mg, Na, P and K deficiency was 21.35%, 23.30%, 28.64%, 3.61% and 6.84%, respectively while that of fodder Ca, P, Mg, Na and K deficiency was 13.88%, 16.55%, 19.72%, 3.54% and 4.86%, respectively. The overall prevalence of serum (buffalo) Ca, P, Mg, Na and K deficiency in certain parts of northern India was 25.48%, 24.66%, 24.36%, 4.42% and 3.28%, respectively. The correlation coefficient of Ca, P, Mg, Na and K in soil, fodder and serum was significant and in most of the cases the values were above 0.6. The highest deficiency of macro-minerals i.e. Ca, P, Mg, Na and K was found in plain regions, followed by Tarai (foot hill of Himalayas) region and finally the hilly region. For therapeutic studies, three types of mineral mixture were prepared according to deficiency obtained and fed to three groups of deficient animals. Observations were recorded on 0, 30, 60 and 75 day. In group A animals normal mineral mixture was provided, where as in group C and D 10% and 25% more of Ca, P, Mg were provided, respectively. There was an increase in body weight, milk yield, haemoglobin concentration, and total erythrocyte count. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino transferase in group D animals. There was a decrease in heart rate, respiratory rate and alkaline phosphatase in group D animal after mineral supplement. Thus showing the efficacy when supplements 3 provided to group D animals.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.158-160
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• 2004

BiSrCaCuO thick films were fabricated by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, and the crystallinity and the superconducting properties were investigated. The superconductivity was achieved at 20 K with an onset temperature of around 90 K in the film prepared at 72$0^{\circ}C$. From X ray diffraction analysis, the main superconducting phase in the films was the low Tc phase at 700∼75$0^{\circ}C$ and the high Tc phase at 750 ∼ 80$0^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.66-72
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• 2024

In this study, the applicability of CCMs (Carbondioxide conversion capture materials) manufactured by reacting carbon dioxide gas with DG (Desulfurization gypsum) as a cement substitute for secondary concrete products were evaluated and the basic physical properties of CCMs-mixed mortar and concrete specimens were measured to derive the optimal mixing ratio. The main chemical oxides of CCMs were CaO and SO₃, and the main crystalline phases were CaSO₄·2H₂O, Ca(OH)₂, CaCO₃, and CaSO₄. In addition, by the results of particle size analysis and heavy metal measurement, the applicability of CCMs as a cement substitute for secondary concrete products was confirmed. As a result of measuring the strength behavior using mortar and concrete specimens with CCMs, the compressive and flexural strength decreased as the mix ratio of CCMs increased, but requirements by the standards for interlocking blocks and retaining wall blocks, which are target products in this study, were satisfied up to the optimal mixing ratio of 10 wt.% substitution. Therefore, its applicability as a cement substitute for secondary concrete products was confirmed.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 1995

Recently, we reported that GS 389 has vasodilating action without cardiac inotropic action (Chang et al., Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 72, 327-334, 1994). However the mechanism of action of GS 389 has not been thoroughly evaluated. In the present study, we performed functional study of GS 389 in rat trachealis, thoracic aorta, pig coronary artery by isometric tension and in human platelets by aggregation experiments. We also tested if GS 389 influences on $Ca^{2+}$movement and inositol phosphate metabolism. In rat trachealis, GS 389 concentration-dependently relaxed carbachol (0.1 $\mu$M)- and high $K^{+}$(65.4 mM)-induced contraction with p$IC_{50}$/ of 4.43$\pm$ 0.19 and 4.11$\pm$0.12, respectively. In $Ca^{2+}$-free media, GS 389 inhibited carbachol-induced phasic contraction. In rat thoracic aorta, GS 389 inhibited $^{45}$ Ca uptake due to norepinephrine and high $K^{+}$, indicating that GS 389 has direct inhibitory action of $Ca^{2+}$movement. Furthermore, GS 389 competitively inhibited U46619-induced contraction in rat thoracic aorta and pig coronary artery with K, values of 5.23$\pm$0.12 and 5.56$\pm$0.14, respectively, and inhibited U 46619-induced phosphatidylinositide (PI) turnover in rat aorta. GS 389 also concentration-dependently inhibited the human platelet aggregation against U 46619 with p$IC_{50}$/ 5.66$\pm$0.02. These results indicate that GS 389 has thromboxane $A_2$ antagonistic action in vascular and platelets as well as direct action on $Ca^{2+}$ movement, which may account, at least in part, for relaxing action of rat trachealis. trachealis.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 1982

The effect of parathyroid hormone on calcium and phosphate metabolism have been widely investigated, however less attention has been paid to the effect on urinary excretion. This study was performed for the purpose determining urinary excretion of Na, K, Ca, and $Po_4$, of 18 thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) rabbits, which were TPTX previously 7 to 10 days compared with the same normal ones. After TPTX 0.2 mg/day of synthyroid was donated to the rabbits. The concentration of electrolytes in the serum and urine was determined by the following method; Na and K were determined by means of flame photometry, Ca was by EDTA titration $method^{19)}$, and $Po_4$ by Fiske and Subba-Raw $method^{20)}$. The results as follows. The concentrations of electrolytes in the serum were 1) In the normal control rabbits (N = 25) (data, $Mean{\pm}S.E.$) $Na\;131.72{\pm}1.33\;mEq/L$, $K\;3.59{\pm}0.28\;mEq/L$, $Ca\;12.58{\pm}0.29\;mg%$, $Po_4\;4.50{\pm}\;0.45mg%$. 2) In the TPTX rabbits(N= 18) $Na\;140.6l{\pm}2.56\;mEq/L$, $K\;3.38{\pm}0.36\;mEq/L$, $Ca\;l2.18{\pm}0.45\;mg%$, $Po_4\;3.92{\pm}\;0.35\;mg%$. There was no significant change between the normal and TPTX rabbits. The concentration of elelctrolytes in the urine were variously changed. 3) In the normal rabbits. $Na\;8.40{\pm}1.09\;mEq/L$, $K\;81.59{\pm}10.19\;mEq/L$, $Ca\;16.02{\pm}3.12\;mg%$, $Po_4\;13.16{\pm}2.89mg%$. 4) In the TPTX rabbits, $Na\;14.57{\pm}3.39\;mEq/L$ slight ncreased, $K\;116.06{\pm}12.77\;mEq/L$ significant increased (P<0.05), $Ca\;18.90{\pm}5.44\;mg%$ no significant increased, $Po_4\;43.38{\pm}8.67\;mg%$ significant increased (p<0.01). The effect of TPTX was assumed that it affected upon increasing tubular secretion of $K^+$ and inhibition of the tubular reabsorption of $Po_4$.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.59-72
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• 2001

적황색토와 플라이애쉬의 혼합비율에 증가에 따라 건조밀도도 증가하며 최적함수비는 감소하는 경향이고 2차 첨가재인 소석회 및 시멘트 첨가에 의한 건조밀도의 증가는 보이나 처리토의 경량화의 범위는 1:03~1:0.5 정도임을 확인할 수 있었다. 프라이애쉬의 혼합비율이 증가해도 프라이애쉬의 고유산화칼슘(CaO)의 함유량이 적으면 유리산화칼슘의 증가도 크지 않으나, 2차 첨가재인 소석회 및 시멘트 첨가량의 증대에 따라 증가한다. 이는 첨가재에 의한 수화반응의 증가로 확인되며, 본 처리토는 Ion 교환작용과 Pozzolan 반응 생성물인 규산칼슘석회수화물(5CaO.6SiO$_2$.5$H_2O$, Tobermorite)과 알민산유산석회수화물(3CaO.Al$_2$O$_3$.3CaSO$_4$.32$H_2O$, Ettringite)가 주된 반응생성물이며 확인된 알민산유산석회수화물(Ettringite)의 회절 X-선 강도는 2차 첨가재의 첨가에 따른 수화반응으로 수화물은 점차 증가하며 상대적으로 일축압축강도도 상응한 강도발현을 하여 고결화 효과에 기여하고 있음을 보여준다.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.67-72
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• 2008

Objectives : This study presents a high performance liquid chromatography methods for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA) in Perilla frutescens var. japonica and var. acuta. Methods : Chromatographic separation was performed using a mixture of methanol, water and formic acid (35 : 64.2 : 0.8) with a reversed-phase column (Gemini C18, 4.6 ${\times}$ 150 mm, 3 ${\mu}m$). The analyses were detected at UV (280 nm). Results : The samples were extracted with 50% EtOH under reflux for 1 h, and simultaneous determination for RA and CA in hyang-so-san and haeng-so-san was possible without interference peaks Conclusions : According the results, we developed a determination method for RA and CA in Perillae Folium. Owing to Perilla frutescens var. japonica and var. acuta did not show significant difference in contents of RA and CA, both Perilla frutescens could be available as herbal medicine.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.509-518
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• 2011

This study was intended to investigate dietary behavior, health related behavior and the effects of nutrient intake of female college students. Dietary behavior, health related behavior and the perception of the body conditions were surveyed with anonymous questionnaires, and 24hrs recall method for nutrient intake was obtained from 161 female college students in Chungbuk area. The mean height and weight of the subjects were $161.4{\pm}5.0$cm and $53.8{\pm}7.4 $kg, respectively. The dietary behavior of female college students was generally inadequate. More specifically, irregularity of meals, indifference of dietary balance, and skipping breakfast, showing $4.77{\pm}2.20$for dietary behavior score, $11.76{\pm}3.89$ for DVS and $3.58{\pm}0.82$ for DDS, respectively. It was found that almost 63% of subjects did not anything for health care and the frequency of exercise of subjects was low. The perception of body conditions of the subjects seemed to be generally positive. However, satisfaction levels on body shape was very negative showing that only 12.4% of subjects answered as 'very satisfied' and 'satisfied'. When nutrient intake of the female college students was compared with Dietary Reference Intake for Korean, folate(45%), potassium(55%), vitamin C(59%), Ca(72%), fiber(72%), Fe(79%) and energy(80%) were found to be insufficient. But protein(138%), P(122%) and Na(179%) were found to be oversupplied. The nutrient intake of fiber, plant Ca, vitamin A, ${\beta}$-carotene, vitamin B6, vitamin C, folate and vitamin E were significantly higher, and those of Fe, Zn and protein were a little high in the high score group of dietary behavior. Also Food group intake, DDS and DVS were higher in the high score group of dietary behavior.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.205-211
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• 1973

General physical and chemical characteristics of eleven apple orchard soils derived from granite, granodiorite, diorite, arkose sandstone and shale were investigated in relation to soil profile. The results are summerized as follows: 1. Soils were mostly sandy and showed pH 4.35 to 6.75, 1.14 to 5.58 of organic matter, 0.065 to 0.209% of nitrogen. All properties decreased with depth. 2. Total exchangeable bases of surface soils were comparablly low (4.89 to 17.81me/100g, Ca>Mg>K>Na). Cation exchange capacity ranged from 7.74 to 21.72 mg/100g and base saturation percentage from 22.52 to 94.62%. 3. Phosphorus content of surface soil was very low (less than 35.5 mg/100g). The contents of potassium (7.2-79.2 mg/100g), available copper (1.0-16.9 ppm) and water soluble boron (0.18-0.72 ppm) were high in surface soil but low with depth. The content of manganese showed clear difference with pH, that is, at pH 4 to 6 water soluble manganese ranged from 0.42 to 17.8 ppm and exchangeable manganese from 9.82 to 66.38 ppm but above pH 6 the water soluble was less than 0.70 ppm and the exchangeable less than 22.25 ppm.