• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.5-18
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• 2014

This study examines the changes in the physicochemical property and antioxidant activity of six types of vegetables (carrots, crown daisy, mugwort, cabbages, onions, and garlic) based on heat-treated cooking. According to the results, proximate contents (crude protein, fat, and ash) were lower in blanched samples than in untreated samples. Untreated cabbages showed the highest level of total dietary fiber content, which decreased by blanching and increased by high-temperature/high-pressure (HTHP) treatment. Noteworthy is that, in the case of soluble dietary fiber, blanched crown daisy and mugwort showed significantly high levels of 12.0 g and 7.3 g per 100 g(dry basis). There was no significant change in tocopherol content in heat-treated samples. The highest levels of total polyphenol and flavonoid content were 6.73 g and 5.51 g per 100 g, respectively, in the mugwort sample with HTHP treatment at $130^{\circ}C$ for 2 h. The water extract of mugwort with HTHP treatment had the strongest antioxidant effect based on three bioassays (SOD, DPPH, and ABTS). These results indicate the relative correlation between the level of physiologically active content and antioxidant activity and suggest new insights into ingredients for developing functional foods.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.289-295
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• 2003

Synthesis gas is produced commercially by a steam reforming process. However, the process is highly endothermic and energy intensive. Thus, this study was conducted to produce synthesis gas by the partial oxidation of methane to cut down the energy cost. Supported Ni catalysts were prepared by the impregnation method. To examine the activity of the catalysts, a differential fixed bed reactor was used, and the reaction was carried out at $750{\sim}850^{\circ}C$ and 1 atm. The fresh and used catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, TGA and AAS. The highest catalytic activity was obtained with the 13wt% Ni/MgO catalyst, with which methane conversion was 81%, and $H_2$ and CO selectivities were 94% and 93%, respectively. 13wt% Ni/MgO catalyst showed the best $MgNiO_2$ solid solution state, which can explain the highest catalytic activity of the 13wt% Ni/MgO catalyst.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1110-1115
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• 2005

To study the effect of feeding lactic acid producing bacteria on the performance of cattle calves, twenty four, day old male crossbred cattle calves (Bos indicus${\times}$Bos taurus), were distributed into two groups of 12 animals each. The animals were fed on calf starter containing wheat bran and green berseem ad libitum and milk as per requirement upto 8 weeks of age. The diet of calves of Group 2 was supplemented with 500 ml culture of Lactobacillus acidophilus-15. Total duration of the experiment was 31 weeks. There was no significant difference in intake and digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and crude protein (CP) between the groups. The rumen pH, protozoa numbers, concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA), ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3-N$), trichloroacetic acid precipitable nitrogen (TCA-ppt N) and activity of microbial enzymes (carboxymethylcellulase, xylanase, amylase and protease) were not affected due to probiotic supplementation. Average live weight gain of the calves was improved (about 10%) and feed:gain ratio was reduced (about 5%) in the animals given Lactobacillus culture. The data indicated that crossbred calves could be reared on a diet devoid of cereal grain and addition of Lactobacillus culture in the diet resulted in an added advantage in growth performance of the animals.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.1469-1476
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• 2007

Jeot-gal is a traditional Korean fermented seafood and has long been used for seasoning. We isolated 188 strains from shrimp, anchovy, and yellow corvina Jeot-gal, and screened sixteen strains that showed strong fibrinolytic activities on a fibrin plate. Among those strains, the strain that had the largest halo zone was chosen and identified as Bacillus licheniformis by using 16S rDNA sequencing and an API CHB kit. The fibrinolytic activity of Bacillus licheniformis was characterized and designated as bpKJ-31. The active component of bpKJ-31 was identified as a 37 kDa protein, designated bacillopeptidase F, by internal peptide mapping and N-terminal sequencing. The optimum activity of bpKJ-31 was shown at pH 9 and $40^{\circ}C$, with a chromogenic substrate for plasmin. It had high degrading activity for the $B{\beta}$-chain and $A{\alpha}$-chain of fibrin(ogen), and also acted on thrombin, but not skim milk and casein. The amidolytic activity of bpKJ-31 was inhibited by 1 mM phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, but 1 mM EDTA did not affect the enzyme activity, indicating that bpKJ-31 is an alkaline serine protease, like a plasmin. The bpKJ-31 showed approximately 14.3% higher fibrinolytic activity than the plasmin. These features of bpKJ-31 make it attractive as a health-promoting biomaterial.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.153-159
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• 2008

The limitations in current technology for generating transgenic animals, such as the time and the expense, hampered its extensive use in recombinant protein production for therapeutic purpose. In this report, we present a simple and less expensive alternative by directly infusing a recombinant adenovirus vector carrying human lactoferrin cDNA into rabbit mammary glands. The milk serum was collected from the infected mammary gland 48 h post-infection and subjected to a 10% SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. An 80-kDa protein was visualized after viral vector infection. With this method, we obtained a high level of expressed human lactoferrin of up to 2.3mg/ml in the milk. Taken together, the method is useful for the transient high-level expression recombinant proteins, and the approach established here is probably one of the most economical and efficient ways for large-scale production of recombinant proteins of biopharmaceutical interest.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.637-642
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• 2010

We investigated the prevalence and the molecular characteristics of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from clinical samples at tertiary or general hospitals participating in a nationwide surveillance program for VISA and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) in Korea during an 8-week period in each year from 2001 to 2006. Of 41,639 MRSAs isolated, 37,856 were screened and 169 grew on brain heart infusion agar supplemented with 4 ${\mu}g/ml$ vancomycin. A vancomycin MIC of 4 ${\mu}g/ml$ was confirmed for 33 VISA isolates of the 169 isolates. Eighteen of the 33 isolates were classified as hetero-VISA (hVISA) by the population analysis profile (PAP) method. All VISA isolates were susceptible to linezolid, tigecycline, and quinupristin-dalfopristin. Most VISA isolates (MIC 4 ${\mu}g/ml$) showed a PFGE C pattern with sec, seg, and sei enterotoxin genes, including ST5-SCCmec type II, or a PFGE A pattern with sea, including ST239-SCCmec type III.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2015

The presence of phenols in treated palm oil mill effluent (POME) is an environmental concern due to their phytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity. In this study, phenol-degrading bacteria, Methylobacterium sp. NP3 and Acinetobacter sp. PK1 were immobilized on oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFBs) for removal of phenols in the treated POME. The bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS) were responsible for cell adhesion to the EFBs during the immobilization process. These immobilized bacteria could effectively remove up to 5,000 mg/L phenol in a carbon free mineral medium (CFMM) with a greater degradation efficiency and rate than that with suspended bacteria. To increase the efficiency of the immobilized bacteria, three approaches, namely activation, acclimation, and combined activation and acclimation were applied. The most convenient and efficient strategy was found when the immobilized bacteria were activated in a CFMM containing phenol for 24 h before biotreatment of the treated POME. These activated immobilized bacteria were able to remove about 63.4% of 33 mg/L phenols in the treated POME, while non-activated and/or acclimated immobilized bacteria could degrade only 35.0%. The activated immobilized bacteria could be effectively reused for at least ten application cycles and stored for 4 weeks at $4^{\circ}C$ with the similar activities. In addition, the utilization of the abundant EFBs gives value-added to the palm oil mill wastes and is environmentally friendly thus making it is attractive for practical application.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.16-25
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• 2003

In this paper, the reduction of green house effect gas CO₂ emission and NOx gas emission by using the RORO ship coastal transport of import-export container cargo was investigated. At first, the domestic CO₂ gas emission and the transportation of import-export container cargo were Investigated. Next, the characteristic of a RORO ship and CO₂ emission standard and NOx emission standard were investigated. And also, the reduction of CO₂ emission and NOx emission by the shift of coastal transport from land transport for the transportation of import-export container cargo between Kyongin area and Pusan Port were calculated. Finally, the change of CO2 and NOx gas emission due to the change of the share of coastal transportation and the load efficiency of RORO ship are investigated. The research results show that the shift of RORO ship coastal transport from land transport was very effective to reduce the CO₂ emission but it was no good to reduce the NOx emission.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2013

This study examined the expression of inhibitor of DNA-binding (Id) proteins and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ovary according to female age using a mice model as the first step in investigating the potential role of Ids and VEGF in ovarian aging. C57BL inbred female mice of three age groups (6-9, 14-16, and 23-26 weeks) were injected with 5 IU pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) in order to synchronize the estrus cycle. After 48 h, ovarian expression of Ids and VEGF was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry. Ovarian apoptosis was examined by ovarian expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Expression of Id-1 and VEGF was decreased with advancing female age, but not Id-2, Id-3, and Id-4. In particular, their expressions were significantly decreased in aged mice of 23-26 weeks compared with the young mice of 6-9 weeks (p < 0.05). In contrast, ovarian apoptosis was greatly increased in the aged mice compared to the young mice. This result suggests that Id-1 may have an implicated role in ovarian aging by associating with VEGF.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.9.1-9
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• 2001

Concerning the development of suitable healthcare equipment for a aged people at their homes in order to reduce the labor and increase the efficiency in the homehelpers' work, we conducted a study on the actual conditions of healthcare in Kyoto city (healthcare in taking a meal and excretion, moving and taking a bath by using a hand-powered lift, moving by a wheelchair, shower carrier healthcare, assistance in body care and housework) by digital video filming, interviews and layout investigations. On the base of those investigations by using methods for analysis of video pictures, we divided the healthcate work into scenes and e exctracted the main problems in terms of health care equipment, information, environment, healthcare skills, mental burden, social s system, family burden, ete. Furthermore the questionnaire survey of home helpers (18 persons - 50% answers) clarified that more than half of them have lumbago pains and the biggest load in the everyday healthcare c comes from moving the patients or getting them into or out of t the equipment for moving. Finally we considered concrete proposals appropriate for each h healthcare scene image, based on evaluation toward efficiency (design guidelines) for suitable healthcare equipment for aged people at their homes: 1) Design toward a proper posture 2) Design toward self-help possibility 3) Design toward patient active participation 4) Design toward rationality of the whole process 5) Design toward place-appropriate healthcare equipment 6) Design toward healing of mind 7) Good level of healthcare skills 8) Economic, systematic rationality