• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.375-380
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• 2002

Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) is a member of the cytochrome P450 family of isozymes involved in the phase I drug metabolism of vertebrates. CYP1A2 is responsible for the activation of a number of aromatic amines to mutagenic and carcinogenic forms. Thus, the level of CYP1A2, which varies among different populations, may determine an individual's susceptibility to these chemicals. We have previously reported on the importance of a cis element named PRB (protected region B) in the regulation of human Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) gene, which appeared to act as a positive regulatory element. Closer examination of the PRB sequence (-2218 to -2187 bp) revealed a putative AP-1 binding site, TGACTAA, at -2212 bp (Chung and Bresnick, 1997). To elucidate the role of AP-1 in CYP1A2 regulation, we transiently overexpressed c-Jun and c-Fos transcription factors in human hepatoma HepG2 cells, and examined their influence on the CYP1A2 promoter activity by reporter gene assays. Cotransfection of the c-Jun and the c-Fos expression vectors increased the induced transactivation by five to six fold from the CYP1A2 promoter constructs. However, deletion of the PRB element did not affect the degree of activation by the c-Jun and the c-Fos. Therefore, it is unlikely that the c-Jun and the c-Fos activate the CYP1A2 promoter through this AP-1 consensus-like sequence in the PRB region.

• Cement
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• s.66
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• pp.12-15
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• 1977

석회석과 고로수재 slag을 1.6 : 1로 혼합 분쇄한 원료를 1,450$^{\circ}C$에서 소결하여 고$C_3A$ clinker를 얻었다. 이 clinker 중에는 $C_3S$ 40$\%$, $C_2S$ 31$\%$, $C_3A$ 22$\%$, $C_4AF$ 2$\%$를 함유하고 있으며 보통 크링카 보다 $C_3A$ 함량이 2$\~$3배 정도 높고, clinker 색은 연두색을 띄는 것이 특색이다. 이와 같이 $C_3A$ 함량이 높은 시멘트의 특성 및 제조 가능성을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 석회석과 slag를 1.6 : 1(61.5$\%$ : 38.5$\%$)로 사용할 경우 보통 시멘트 제조시 석회석 사용량 보다 약 28$\%$ 정도 절감되나 고품위의 석회석이 요구된다. 2) 동일 free CaO 0.4$\%$를 기준으로 소성할 경우 고$C_3A$ clinker가 보통 clinker 보다 소성 시간이 20분 단축된다. 3) carbonate 분해열을 비교하면 고$C_3A$ 시멘트 원료가 보통 시멘트 원료보다 116Kcal/$\cal{kg}$-cl 절감된다. 4) $C_3A$ 함량이 높아 가소성이 저하되고 표준연도의 시멘트 paste를 얻기 위하여서는 보통 시멘트 보다 많은 물량이 요구되며 응결시간도 빠르다. 5) Blaine 3,000$cm^3$/g으로 분쇄한 고$C_3A$ 시멘트의 3 일강도는 보통 시멘트 보다 40$\~$50$\cal{kg}$/$cm^3$ 더 높으나 28 일 강도는 다소 저하되는 경향이며 Blaine 5,000$cm^2$/g으로 분쇄한 고$C_3A$ 시멘트는 조강 시멘트와 같은 강도 수준이다.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.452-456
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• 2006

To elaborate the peroxidase activity of cytochrome c in the generation of free radicals from $H_2O_2$, the mechanism of DNA cleavage mediated by the cytochrome c/$H_2O_2$ system was investigated. When plasmid DNA was incubated with cytochrome c and $H_2O_2$, the cleavage of DNA was proportional to the cytochrome c and $H_2O_2$ concentrations. Radical scavengers, such as azide, mannitol, and ethanol, significantly inhibited the cytochrome c/$H_2O_2$ system-mediated DNA cleavage. These results indicated that free radicals might participate in the DNA cleavage by the cytochrome c and $H_2O_2$ system. Incubation of cytochrome c with $H_2O_2$ resulted in a time-dependent release of iron ions from the cytochrome c molecule. During the incubation of deoxyribose with cytochrome c and $H_2O_2$, the damage to deoxyribose increased in a time-dependent manner, suggesting that the released iron ions may participate in a Fenton-like reaction to produce $\cdot$OH radicals that may cause the DNA cleavage. Evidence that the iron-specific chelator, desferoxamine (DFX), prevented the DNA cleavage induced by the cytochrome c/$H_2O_2$ system supports this mechanism. Thus we suggest that DNA cleavage is mediated via the generation of $\cdot$OH by a combination of the peroxidase reaction of cytochrome c and the Fenton-like reaction of free iron ions released from oxidatively damaged cytochrome c in the cytochrome c/$H_2O_2$ system.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1551-1559
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• 2004

Java, a platform independent object-oriented programming language, is widely used, however it should be integrated with JNI to use system services or to reuse legacy systems. Though JNI provides the standard APIs which allow Java to be combined with C/$C^{++}$, it is very hard and cumbersome for developers to use JNI APIs. In order to address this problem, we introduce a translator named C2JNI, which converts the embedded C program into a JNI compatible C program. With C2JNI, developers can Integrate Java and C programs without JNI APIs, and it will reduce the complexity caused by JNI APIs.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.417-424
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• 1996

The present study was done to examine the involvement of protein kinase C and protein tyrosine kinase in intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ mobilization in C5a-stimulated neutrophils. Although protein kinase C inhibitors, staurosporine and H-7 inhibited intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ release in C5a-stimulated neutrophils, they did not affect $Ca^{2+}$ influx across the plasma membrane and elevation of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ C5a-induced intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ release and $Ca^{2+}$ influx were inhibited by protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors, genistein and methyl-2,5-dihydroxycinnamate. ADP-evoked elevation of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ was inhibited by genistein and methyl-2,5-dihydroxycinnamate but was not affectd by staurosporine and H-7. Genistein and methyl-2,5-dihydroxycinnamate reduced the store-regulated $Ca^{2+}$ influx in thapsigargin-treated neutrophils, while the effect of staurosporine and H-7 was not detected. When neutrophils were preincubated wih phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, the stimulatory effect of C5a on the elevation of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ was reduced. These results suggest that protein tyrosine kinase may be involved in control of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ release and $Ca^{2+}$ influx across the plasma membrane in C5a-activated neutrophils.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.372-376
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• 2008

Vacuum deposited 4,4',4"-tris(N-(2-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino)-triphenylamine (2-TNATA), used as a hole injection (HIL) material in OLEDs, is placed as a thin interlayer between indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and a hole transporting layer (HTL) in the devices. C60-doped 2-TNATA:C60 (20 wt%) film was formed via co-evaporation process and molecular ordering and topology of 2-TNATA:C60 films were investigated using XRD and AFM. The J-V, L-V and current efficiency of multi-layered devices were characterized as well. Vacuum-deposited C60 film was molecularly oriented, but neither was 2-TNATA:C60 film due to the uniform dispersion of C60 molecules in the film. By using C60-doped 2-TNATA:C60 film as a HIL, the current density and luminance of a multi-layered ITO/2-TNATA:C60/NPD/$Alq_3$/LiF/Al device were significantly increased and the current efficiency of the device was increased from 4.7 to 6.7 cd/A in the present study.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1219-1224
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• 2015

Background: To date several common mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 associated with breast cancer have been reported in different populations. However, the common BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among breast cancer patients in Iran have not been described in detail. Materials and Methods: To comprehensively assess the frequency and distribution of the most common BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Iranian breast cancer patients, we conducted this meta-analysis on 13 relevant published studies indentified in a literature search on PubMed and SID. Results: A total of 11 BRCA1 and BRCA2 distinct common mutations were identified, reported twice or more in the articles, of which 10 (c.2311T>C, c.3113A>G, c.4308T>C, c.4837A>G, c.2612C>T, c.3119G>A, c.3548A>G, c.5213G>A c.IVS16-92A/G, and c.IVS16-68A/G) mutations were in BRCA1, and 1 (c.4770A>G) was in BRCA2. The mutations were in exon 11, exon 13, intron 16, and exon 20 of BRCA1 and exon 11 of BRCA2. All have been previously reported in different populations. Conclusions: These meta analysis results should be helpful in understanding the possibility of any first true founder mutation of BRCA1/BRCA2 in the Iranian population. In addition, they will be of significance for diagnostic testing, genetic counseling and for epidemiological studies.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.230-234
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• 1999

Ti(CN)-0.3mole% $Mo_2C$ ceramics were prepared by pressureless sintering. $Mo_2C$ dissolved in Ti(CN) more easily in a nitrogen environment than in the other environment because nitrogen forced Mo to form a solid solution, (Ti, No)(C, N). A "core-rim" structure developed within the grains. The boundary between the "core" and the rim was delineated by thermal etching in the sample with more than 2 mole% $Mo_2C$. The rim thickness and the grain size decreased as the $Mo_2C$ content increased. The hardness and the flexural strength showed maxima of 18.2 GPa and 1.23 GPa, respectively when the $Mo_2C$ content was 2 mole%. The post-sintering heat treatments improved the properties.oved the properties.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.67-71
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• 1992

The crystal structure of the title compound was determined from single crystal X-ray dirt fraction study : C16H16NO3, Mr=271.316, orthorh ombic, Aba2, a=15.750(3), b=13.470(2), c=13.356 (2) A, V=2833A, Z=8, Dx=1.26 Mgm-3, λ(MoK a) =0.71069A, r=0.51mm-2, F(000)=1136, T=291 K, R=0.0414 for 728 unique observed [F≥3e(F)] reflections and 240 parameters. The molecule is nearly planar within 0.2 A with the torsion angle -179(2)°for C(4)-C(7)-C(8)-C(9).The into rmolecular interactions are mainly by van der Waals force with the nearest intermolecular distance 3.647A between O(3) and C(4) translated by half unit along band c-axes.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.278-284
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• 1984

The triglyceride compositions of peach kernel and apricot kernel oil have been investigated by a combination of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas liquid chromatography(GLC). The triglycerides of peach kernel and apricot kernel oil were first separated by thin layer chromatography(TLC), and fractionated on the basis of their partition number(PN) by HPLC on a C-18 ${\mu}-Bondapak$ column with methanol-chloroform solvent mixture. Each of these fractionated groups was purely collected and analyzed by GLC according to acyl carbon number(CN) of triglyceride. Also the fatty acid compositions of these triglycerides were determined by GLC. From the consecutive analyses of these three chromatography techniques, the possible triglyceride compositions of peach kernel and apricot kernel oil were combinated into fifteen and thirteen kinds of triglycerides, respectively. The major triglycerides of peach ternel oil were those of $(3{\times}C_{18:1}\;30.9%)$, $(2{\times}C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2},\;21.2%)$, $(C_{18:1},\;2{\times}C_{18:2}\;10.6%)$, $(3{\times}C_{18:2}\;3.8%)$, $(C_{18:0},\;2{\times}C_{18:1},\;1.8%)$, $(C_{16:0},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2},\;1.5%)$, $(C_{18:0},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2},\;1.1%)$ and those of apricot kernel oil were $(3{\times}C_{18:1},\;39.5%)$, $(2{\times}C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2},\;24.5%)$, $(C_{18:0},\;2{\times}C_{18:2},\;14.2%)$, $(3{\times}C_{18:2},\;2.0%)$.