• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2013

Serum liver enzyme levels are widely used in the clinical diagnosis of liver diseases and the assessment of liver status. They also have epidemiological significance to be prospective risk factors for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease. In the previous study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several genes have been reported to be associated with serum liver enzyme levels in American population. We aimed to confirm whether the genetic variation of C16orf47 (chromosome 16 open reading frame 47) gene also influence the serum liver enzyme levels in Korean population. We genotyped variants in or near C16orf47 in a population-based sample including 994 unrelated Korean adult. Here, we performed association analysis to elucidate the possible relations of genetic polymorphisms in C16orf47 gene with serum liver enzyme levels. By examining genotype data of a total of 944 subjects in 5 hospital health promotion center, we discovered the C16orf47 gene polymorphisms are associated with serum liver enzyme levels. The common and highest significant polymorphism was rs7203412 (${\beta}$=3.68, P=3.66E-06) with glutamic oxaloacetic transferase (GOT) and rs7203412 (${\beta}$=6.2, P=7.06E-05) with glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) in all group. Furthermore, the SNP rs7203412 was consistently associated with GOT (${\beta}$=6.41, P=6.78E-08) and GPT (${\beta}$=11.53, P=2.81E-06) in men group. Consequently, we found statistically significant SNP in C16orf47 gene that are associated with serum levels of GOT and GPT. In addition, these results suggest that the individuals with the minor alleles of the SNP in the C16orf47 gene may be more elevated serum liver enzyme levels in the Korean population.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.912-919
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• 2012

Carboxymethylcellulose (CM-cellulose)와 Beechwood xylan을 각각 기질로 사용하여 trypan blue를 첨가하여 제작한 Agar-LB 배지 상에서 명확한 활성환을 형성하는 균주를 cellulase와 xylanase 생산 균주로 단리하였다. 단리한 균주 유래의 16S rRNA 유전자 및 API 50 kit를 분석한 결과 Bacillus subtilis와 약 99.5%의 높은 상동성을 보였기에 본 균주를 Bacillus subtilis로 동정하여 B. subtilis NC1로 명명하였다. B. subtilis NC1 유래 cellulase와 xylanase는 CM-cellulose와 Beechwood xylan에 대하여 각각 높은 효소 활성을 보였으며, 두 효소 모두 pH 5.0과 $50^{\circ}C$의 조건하에서 가장 높은 효소 활성을 보였다. B. subtilis NC1 균주 유래 cellulase와 xylanase 유전자를 cloning하기 위하여 shot-gun cloning 방법을 이용하여 B. subtilis NC1 염색체 DNA로부터 효소 유전자를 cloning하여 유전자 배열을 규명한 결과 cellulase 유전자는 아미노산 499개를 암호화하는 1,500 bp의 open reading frame (ORF)으로 이루어져 있었으며, 아미노산 배열로부터 추정되는 분자량은 55,251 Da 이었다. 그리고, xylanase에 대한 유전자는 아미노산 422개를 암호화하는 1,269 bp의 ORF로 이루어져 있었으며 유전자 유래 아미노산 배열로부터 추정되는 단백질 분자량은 47,423 Da 이었다. 두 효소의 아미노산 배열을 이용하여 상동성을 검토한 결과 cellulase는 glycoside hydrolase family (GH) 5에 속하는 cellulase와 xylanase는 GH30에 속하는 xylanase와 높은 상동성을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2006

A gene encoding a $\gamma-butyrolactone$ autoregulator receptor was cloned from Saccharopolyspora erythraea, and the biochemical characteristics, including the autoregulator specificity, were determined with the purified recombinant protein. Using primers designed for the conserved amino acid sequence of Streptomyces $\gamma-butyrolactone$ autoregulator receptors, a 120 bp S. erythraea DNA fragment was obtained by PCR. Southern and colony hybridization with the 120 bp fragment as a probe allowed to select a genomic clone of S. erythraea, pESG, harboring a 3.2 kb SacI fragment. Nucleotide sequencing analysis revealed a 615 bp open reading frame (ORF), showing moderate homology (identity, $31-34\%$; similarity, $45-47\%$) with the $\gamma-butyrolactone$ autoregulator receptors from Streptomyces sp., and this ORF was named seaR (Saccharopolyspora erythraea autoregulator receptor). The seaR/pET-3d plasmid was constructed to overexpress the recombinant SeaR protein (rSeaR) in Escherichia coli, and the rSeaR protein was purified to homogeneity by DEAE-Sephacel column chromatography, followed by DEAE-ion-exchange HPLC. The molecular mass of the purified rSeaR protein was 52 kDa by HPLC gel-filtration chromatography and 27 kDa by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicating that the rSeaR protein is present as a dimer. A binding assay with tritium-labeled autoregulators revealed that rSeaR has clear binding activity with a VB-C-type autoregulator as the most effective ligand, demonstrating for the first time that the erythromycin producer S. erythraea possesses a gene for the $\gamma-butyrolactone$autoregulator receptor.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 1997

Cefaclor is a second generation cephalosporin antibiotic that shows a potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, when it is orally administered. Due to its patent expiration, a number of generic drugs have been marketed, but not yet elucidated to ensure therapeutic equivalence. In this study, cefaclor capsules manufactured by Chong Kun Dang were bioequivallently assessed by comparing with $Ceclor^{TM}$ introduced originally by Daewoong Lilly. A total of 16 healthy male volunteers were evaluated in a randomized crossover manner with a 2-week washout period. Concentrations of cefaclor in plasma were measured upto 6 hours following a single oral administration of two capsules (500 mg of cefaclor) by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Although the plasma concentration at 6 hours was not detected, the computed half-life of cefaclor was approximately 0.5 hours. The area under the concentration-vs-time curve from 0 to 4 hours $(AUC_{0-4h})$ was calculated by the trapezoidal summation method. The differences in mean values of $AUC_{0-4h}$, peak plasma concentration $(C_{max})$, and time to peak concentration $(T_{max})$ between the two products were $4.63\%,\;1.84\%,\;and\3.28\%$, respectively. The least significant differences at $\alpha4= 0.05 for $AUC_{0-4h},\;C_{max},\;and\;T_{max}\;were\;6,53\%,\;4.05\%,\;and\;6.47\%$, respectively. In conclusion, the test drug was bioequivalent with the reference drug.