• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2000

The classifying distribution by the action style was opticion 100, photoartist 100, college student 100 for the simple myopic 35%, for the simple myopic astigmatism 2%, for the compound myopic astigmatism 30.6% for the mixed astigmatism 62.6% for the compound hyperopic astigmatism 37.4% for the ratio of emmetropia 22.4% respectively. The retractive erroreye were -0.50~-2.00Dptr for the simple myopia 14%, -2.00~-6.00Dptr 16%, -6.00Dptr 5%, C-0.25(90.180)~C-2.00DptrAxis(90, 180) 2% for the simple myopicastigmatismS-0.25C-0.25DptrAxis(90, 180)~S-1.00C-1.00DptrAxis (90, 180) 22.6%, S-1.00C-1.00 DptrAxis (90, 180)~S-2.00C-2.00DptrAxis(90, 180) 8% for the compound myopic astigmatism. S+0.25C -0.25DptrAxis(90, 180)~S+2.00C-2.00DptrAxis(90,180) 6.2% for the mixed astigmatism. S+0.25C+0.25DptrAxis(90,180)~S+1.00C+1.00DptrAxis(90,180) 3.4%, S+1.00C+1.00DptrAxis(90,180)~S+2.00C+2.00DptrAxis(90,180) 0.34% for the compound hyperopic astigmatism.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.199-204
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• 1977

The patterns of fatty acid composition of lipid extracted from eight species of edible marine benthic algae; i. e. two species of green, five of brown and one of red algae, were investigated quantitatively by using gas liquid chromatography. The total lipid contents in average of the algae were $1.51\%$ in the green algae, $2.81\%$ in brown algae and $1.02\%$ in red algae respectively. Upon analyzing fatty acid composition, green algae contained the highest proportion of $C_{16:0}$ acid and comparatively higher content of $C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2}\;and\;C_{18:3}$ acids than the other algae. In brown angae, $C_{16:0}$ acid content was highest, but not more than that of green algae, and $C_{14:0},\;C_{18:1}$ acids were higher than other $C_{16:1},\;C_{18:2}\;and\;C_{18:3}$ acids while the content of $C_{18:0}$ acid was very low. Red algae showed low content of $C_{14:0},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2}\;and\;C_{18:3}$ acids, but the content of $C_{16:0}$ acid was high as a major component. In regard to the composing patterns of carbon number of fatty acid of algae; i. e. $C_{14},\;C_{15},\;C_{16},\;C_{18}\;and\;C_{22}$ and $C_{22}$ acids, the green algae contained $C_{16}$ and $C_{18}$ acids, the brown algae $C_{16},\;C_{18},\;and\;C_{22}$ and $C_{22}$ acids, and the red algae $C_{15},\;C_{16}$, and $C_{18}$ acids as the major component.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.391-398
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• 1989

Triglyceride molecular species In some vegetable oils were analyzed by capillary column gas chromatography and electron impact ionization mass spectrometry utilizing selected ion monitoring. Triglycerides were separated according to their molecular weights and their degrees of unsaturation on $25m{\times}0.25mm$ fused silica open tubular capillary column coated with a phenylmethylsilicone gum stationary phase and in an analysis time less than 13 min. Triglyceride molecular species were identified by analyzing the fragment ions having the same time on the selected ion monitoring profile . The major triglyceride molecular species in each oils were $C_{18:1}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}(OLL:18.3%),\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}(LLL;\;14.3%),\;C_{18:0}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}(SLL;\;14.1%),\;C_{16:0}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}(PLL;\;13.2%),\;C_{16:0}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:1}(PLO;\;11.6%)$ in corn oil, $C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}(LLL;\;18.0%),\;C_{18:1}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}(OLL;\;18.0%),\;C_{16:0}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}(PLL;\;17.1%)$ in safflower oil, $C_{16:0}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}(PLL;\;23.5%),\;C_{16:0}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:1}(PLO;\;13.8%),\;C_{18:0}.\;C_{18:1}.\;C_{18:1}(SOO;\;13.5%),\;C_{18:1}.\;C_{18:2}.\;C_{18:2}(OLL;\;10.6%)$ in cottonseed oil.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.612-617
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• 2013

The versatile, hitherto unreported 3-(4-(2-phenyldiazenyl)-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile 3 was prepared by two convenient routes: either by the reaction of ethyl 4-(2-phenyldiazenyl)-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-carboxylate 2 with acetonitrile in the presence of sodium hydride or by treatment of 4-(2-phenyldiazenyl)-3-(2-bromoacetyl)-2H-chromen-2- one 5 with potassium cyanide. Reaction of 3 with heterocyclic diazonium salts 6, 7, 14 and 17 furnished the corresponding hydrazones 8, 9, 15 and 18. The latter hydrazones underwent intramolecular cyclization into the corresponding pyrazolo[5,1- c]-1,2,4-triazine 10, 1,2,4-triazolo[5,1-c]-1,2,4-triazine 11, 1,2,4-triazino[4,3-b]indazole 16 and imidazo[2,1-c]-1,2,4-triazine 19 derivatives, respectively upon refluxing in pyridine.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.150-156
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• 2001

Nea-inositol is triclinic P???, with a =4.799(1), b=6.520(1), c=6.505(1) Å, α=70.61(1), β=69.41(1), γ=73.66(1)°, Z=1, molecular symmetry ???. Scyllo-inositol, from A, is monoclinic, P2₂/c, with a=5.089(1), c=11.948(2)Å, β=116.98(2)°, Z=2, molecular symmetry ???. Form B is triclinic, P???, with a=6.725(1), b=6.797(1), c=8.635(2)° Å, α=95.45(2), β=99.49(2), γ=99.19(2)°, Z=2, molecular symmetry ???. This crystal structure is pseudo-monoclinic, having two centrosymmetrical molecules with the almost identical conformation and orientation in the crystal lattice. The molecules have the expected chair conformations with puckering parameters of Q=0.609(2)Å for n대, 0.581(2)Å for Scyllo-A, and 0.566(2) Å for Scyllo-B. The bond lengths and angles are normal, C-C, 1.505 to 1.531 8A, C-O, 1.415 to 1.440 Å, C-C-C, 108.2 to 112.9°. The molecules are linked by systems of finite and infinite chains of hydrogen bonds.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.315-323
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• 1991

The preparation of zirconium carbide powders by the halogenide process of ZrCl4-C-Mg system (1:1:2, molar ratio) was studied between 300。 and 120$0^{\circ}C$ under Ar gas flow (200 mι/min). The formation mechanism and kinetics of zirconium carbide and characteristics of the synthesized powder were examined by TG-DTA, XRD, SEM and PSA. 1) The formation mechanism of zirconium carbide were as follows, above 30$0^{\circ}C$ ZrCl4(S)+Mg(s)longrightarrowZrCl2(s)+MgCl2(s) above 40$0^{\circ}C$ ZrCl2(S)+Mg(s)longrightarrowZr(s)+MgCl2(s) above 50$0^{\circ}C$ Zr(s)+C(s)longrightarrowZrC(s) 2) The apparent activation energy of the reduction-carbonization at temperature of 800$^{\circ}$to 100$0^{\circ}C$ was 11.9 kcal/mol. 3) The lattice parameter and the crystallite size of ZrC which was produced from the mixture powder of ZrCl4, C and Mg (1:1:2, molar ratio) at 100$0^{\circ}C$ for 1 h were 4.700A and 180A, respectively. 4) The powders obtained from the mixture powder of ZrCl4, C and Mg(1:1:2, molar ratio) at 100$0^{\circ}C$ for 1 h were agglomerate with the average size of about 13${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in SEM micrograph.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.367-377
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated a life cycle assessment (LCA) of six roof-waterproofing systems [asphalt (C1), synthetic polymer-based sheet (C2), improved asphalt (C3), liquid applied membrane (C4), Metal sheet with asphalt sheet (N1), and liquid applied membrane with asphalt sheet (N2)]for reinforced concrete building using an architectural model. To acquire accurate and realistic LCA results, minimum units of material compositions for life cycle inventory and real data for compositions of waterproofing materials were used. Considering only materials and energy demands for waterproofing systems per square meter, higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could be generated in the order of C1 > N2 > C4 > N1 > C2 > C3 during construction phase. However, the order was changed to C1 > C4 > C3 > N2 > N1 > C2, when the actual architecture model was applied to the roof based on each specifications. When an entire life cycle including construction, maintenance, and deconstruction were considered, the amount of GHG emission was in the order of C4 > C1 > C3 > N2 > C2 > N1. Consequently, N1 was the most environmental-friendly waterproofing system producing the lowest GHG emission. GHG emissions from maintenance phase accounted for 71.4%~78.3% among whole life cycle.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 1992

The effect of a nisin-producing Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis (L. lactis) on the growth and attachment of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A and Brie 1 on stainless steel and their growth in Brain Heart Infusion broth was determined. Viable cells of Listeria decreased rapidly after 9~12 hr of incubation at $21^{\circ}C$ and after 6~9 hr of incubation at $32^{\circ}C$ in the presence of L. lactis. The number of L. monocytogenes Scott A attached to stainless steel in pure culture was $2.5{\times}10^3/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}21^{\circ}C{\;}and{\;}2.3{\times}10^3/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}32^{\circ}C$ after 48 hr of incubation, but was only $10/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}21^{\circ}C{\;}and{\;}1.1{\times}10/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}32^{\circ}C$ in the presence of L. lactis. Results from L. monocytogenes strain Brie 1 were similar to those from strain Scott A. The population of L. monocytogenes Scott A which attached to stainless steel with previously adherent L. lactis was $1.8{\times}10^2/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}21^{\circ}C{\;}and{\;}8.2{\times}10^2/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}32^{\circ}C$, whereas the population attached to sterile stainless steel was $1.2{\times}10^3/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}21^{\circ}C{\;}and{\;}2.1{\times}10^2/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}32^{\circ}C$. For L. monocytogenes Brie 1, the attached population of the control was $1.6{\times}10^4/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}21^{\circ}C{\;}and{\;}3.2{\times}10^2/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}32^{\circ}C$, and on stainless steel with adherent L. lactis, it was $1.1{\times}10/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}21^{\circ}C{\;}and{\;}6.9{\times}10/\textrm{cm}^2{\;}at{\;}32^{\circ}C$. Surface adherent L. lactis was less inhibitory to attachment of L. monocytogenes on stainless steel than a liquid culture inoculum. Listeria attached to stainless steel survived dry storage for 20 days both in the presence and absence of adherent lactococci.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.311-317
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• 1981

A new nickel(II) compound, $Ni(CH_2SiMe_3)_2((C_6H_5)_2PCH_2CH_2P(C_6H_5)_2)$, 1, has been prepared by the reaction of $NiCl_2((C_6H_5)_2PCH_2CH_2P(C_6H_5)_2)$ with $Me_3SiCH_2Li$. The compound, 1, is stable under nitrogen at room temperature both in solution and in the solid state. Thermal decomposition of 1 in solution or in the solid produces the reductive coupling product, $Me_3SiCH_2CH_2SiMe_3$ which is also afforded by the reactions of 1 with CO and $O_2$ at room temperature, and with $(C_6H_5)_2PCH_2CH_2P(C_6H_5)_2$ at 80${\circ}$C.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.86-91
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• 2005

The layered structure of organic-inorganic perovskite hybrids, $(C_nH_{2n+1}NH_3)_2CuC1_4$ (n = 6, 8, 10, 12) have synthesized. In $(C_nH_{2n+1}NH_3)_2CuC1_4$ compounds, the long-chain protonated alkylammonium ions as tilted bilayer type are inserted into perovskite-type layers of corner sharing $CuCl_6$ octahedron. Three solid phases have been characterized in the perovskite layered compound $(C_nH_{2n+1}NH_3)_2CuC1_4$ using HT-XRD and DSC. The $(C_nH_{2n+1}NH_3)_2CuC1_4$ compounds shows solid-solid phase transitions with stepwise increasing of the layer distance. Three different structures are explained by the conformational change of the long-chain protonated alkylammonium ions.