• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 1985

The productivity and growth pattern of Sargassum confusum (Phaeophyta, Sargassaceae) was investigated in Ohori, east coast of Korea, from March 1983 to April 1984. S. confusum shows an obvious seasonal variation of the growth by passing through the germinative, vegetative, reproductive and decaying phases for about an year. The mean length of tagged individuals shows a positive correlation with the water temperature during the growing period. The growth is depressed at less than 1$0^{\circ}C$ in February, and accelerated at above 15$^{\circ}C$ in May. The rapid growth (1.29 cm/dry) occurs at 15-l8$^{\circ}C$ during May-June and the maximum length is shown at 20-21$^{\circ}C$ in early August. Daily net production estimated by the oxygen light and dark bottle method is 11.2 g C/$m^2$/ day in June. The annual value calculated by the integration of the daily net production, growth rate and biomass is 745 gC/$m^2$/yr. Net production estimated from the biomass change only is 287 gC/$m^2$/yr. But this must be an underestimated value, because the loss of considerable biomass by shedding is not included.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2012

The purpose of the present paper is to investigate mapping properties of an integral operator in which we show that the function g defined by $$g(z)=\{\frac{c+{\alpha}}{z^c}{\int}_{o}^{z}t^{c-1}(D^nf)^{\alpha}(t)dt\}^{1/{\alpha}}$$. belongs to the class $S(A,B)$ if $f{\in}S(n,A,B)$.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2000

In association with the international validation program to establish a rodent uterotrophic assay, we conducted preliminary uterotrophic assay proposed by GECD using immature female rats. In the present study, oral and subcutaneous routes were chosen to compare the effects of estrogenic com-pounds in the two dosing regimens. The reference compound ethinyl estradiol (EE) and the antagonist ZM189154(ZM) were administered by gavage or subcutaneously (s.c.) to immature female SD rats from 20 to 22 days of age. For each study, sixty-six female rats were randomly assigned to eleven groups: Untreated control, EE 0,0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0,3.0 and 10.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg, EE 3.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg(gavage)/0.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg(s.c) & ZM 0.1 mg/kg, and EE 3.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg(gavage)/0.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg (s.c) & ZM 1.0 mg/kg. There were no treatment-related changes in clinical signs, body weights, food consumption, and necropsy findings in any groups of two studies. The wet and blotted uterus weights increased dose-dependently. Histopathological examination revealed that diameter of uterine duct, height of uterine luminal epithelium. and height oj vaginal epithelium increased dose-dependently. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoreactive cells were increased in number dose-dependently. The estrogenic effects observed in the present studies occurred at $\geq$ 0.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg of oral dose and $\geq$ 0.1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg of s.c. dose. An antagonistic effect of ZM against EE was found in both uterus weight and histopathological parameters. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that dose-dependence of the uterotrophic assay using EE and ZM was well demonstrated by gavage and subcutaneous administration and that the estrogenic effects of EE by s.c. dose were higher than those by gavage administration. In addition, blotted uterus weight was more sensitive than wet uterus weight and vaginal epithelial height was found to be the most sensitive parameter among the parameters examined.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.92-92
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• 2003

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.555-560
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• 2014

This study investigates the effect of sodium bicarbonate ($NaHCO_3$) on growth of S.dimorphus. $NaHCO_3$ concentration was varied from 0 to 2 g-C/L. As a result, the increase in concentration of $NaHCO_3$ up to 1.5 g-C/L increased dry weight of algae. The highest specific growth rate of S. dimorphus was $0.36day^{-1}$ which was obtained at concentration of 0.5 g-C/L $NaHCO_3$. pH showed a large variation range at the concentrations lower than 0.5 g-C/L $NaHCO_3$ whereas inorganic carbon, nitrate and phosphorus removal rates were almost same at the concentrations higher than 0.5 g-C/L $NaHCO_3$ (0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 2 g-C/L $NaHCO_3$). Their average inorganic carbon, nitrate and phosphorus removal rate were 70 mg-C/L/d, 11.3 mg-N/L/d, and 1.6 mg-P/L/d, respectively. Thus, $NaHCO_3$ didn't effect on inorganic carbon, nitrate and phosphorus removal rate of S. dimorphus.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.95-95
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• 2004

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.203-208
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• 2004

The dominant isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from the red pepper anthracnose(both of the diseased plants and debris) was more pathogenic than the isolates of Colletotrichum acutatum of minorly isolated from Gyeong-buk, Korea. There were both of the G and R strains of cultural variants of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the G strain was more pathogenic than R strain. The cultivars of red-pepper, cv. 'Kumsegi' was the most susceptible and cv. 'papet' was the least susceptible in the pathogenicity test. The isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from other host plant such on sesame, safflower, yam, strawberry could infect to the red pepper plant also.

• The Korean Journal of Rheology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.175-185
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• 1991

Sodium octylbenzenesulfonate(SOBS)와 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate(SDBS)를 폴리프로필렌(PP) 용융액에 각각 균일하게 서로 다른 함량으로 섞어 넣은 후에 용융압착법 으로 PP 필름을 제조하였다. 저장 점성도(η＇) 저장탄성률(G＇) 및 손실 탄성률(G＂)을 진 동식 레오미터를 사용하여 170~195$^{\circ}C$에서 측정하였다. 실험온도 범위내에서 첨가제를 함유 한 PP와 순PPrks에 Cole-Cole 플롯(G＇에 대한 G＂의 log-log 플롯)에는 차이가 없었다. 그러나 광범위한 전단속도에서 SOBS의 첨가량이 8%를 넘어서면서 η＇과 G＇은 증가하였 다. 이러한 현상은 PP 중에서의 첨가제의 응집효과로 설명되었으며 이것은 SOBS와 SDBS 를 함유하는 PP 필름의 시차 주사열량법 및 주사전자 현미경 관찰결과로 확인되었다. SDBS를 8% 미만 함유하는 PP로부터 섬유의 용융방사가 가능하였으나 SDBS3% 이상 함 유PP 방사섬유는 연신 과정중에 섬유의 절단이 이따금 일어났다. PP 기질내에 있어서의 SDBS의 뜨거운 물에대한 견뢰성을 SDBS와 C. I. Basic blue 41사이의 이온결합 형성 거동 에 바탕을 두어 가시분광법에 의하여 검토하였다.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 1994

A semiselective agar medium (XCO) was developed for the isolation of bacterial blight pathogen, Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae, from rice seed. The medium contained yeast extract 1.0 g, peptone 2.0 g, sucrose 5.0 g, sodium glutamate 1.0 g, FeSO4.7H2O 0.05 g, Fe.EDTA 1 mg, cephalexin 20 mg, Evan blue (0.1%) 1.5 ml, bromcresol purple (0.1%) 2.5ml, cycloheximide 100 mg and agar 15.0 g per liter. Colonies of X. c. pv. oryzae were 4~5 mm in diameter, smooth, round, blue (darker center) and convex after 6 days incubation at 28$^{\circ}C$. The recovery of 6 isolates of X. c. pv. oryzae on the XOC medium ranged from 81% to 120% (mean 98.2%) in comparison to Wakimoto's medium. The number of saprophytic bacteria from 10 rice seed lots on XCO medium was reduced to 70.4% of that on Wakimoto's medium. The recovery of X. c. pv. oryzae added to rice seed on XOC medium ranged from 67% to 87% (mean 75.6%) of that on Wakimoto's medium.

• Annals of Fuzzy Mathematics and Informatics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.301-316
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• 2018

In this paper, the concept of connected geodesic number, $gn_c(G)$, of a fuzzy graph G is introduced and its limiting bounds are identified. It is proved that all extreme nodes of G and all cut-nodes of the underlying crisp graph $G^*$ belong to every connected geodesic cover of G. The connected geodesic number of complete fuzzy graphs, fuzzy cycles, fuzzy trees and of complete bipartite fuzzy graphs are obtained. It is proved that for any pair k, n of integers with $3{\leq}k{\leq}n$, there exists a connected fuzzy graph G : (V, ${\sigma}$, ${\mu}$) on n nodes such that $gn_c(G)=k$. Also, for any positive integers $2{\leq}a<b{\leq}c$, it is proved that there exists a connected fuzzy graph G : (V, ${\sigma}$, ${\mu}$) such that the geodesic number gn(G) = a and the connected geodesic number $gn_c(G)=b$.