• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.776-779
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• 2006

Purpose: Prior to closure of the epiphysis of the distal phalanx, fracture usually occurs through the growth plate, Salter-Harris type I or II, or through the juxtaepiphyseal region 1 to 2 mm distal to the growth plate. The terminal tendon of extensor inserts into the epiphysis only, while insertion site of the flexor digitorum profundus spans both the epiphysis and metaphysis. Because of the difference between these tendon insertions, this injury mimics a mallet deformity. But, this type of injury does not involve a tear or avulsion of the extensor, unlike mallet finger of adults. Seymour was the first to describe this type of injury in children and called after his name, Seymour's fracture. This fracture is prone to infection or remain the residual deformity unless adequate treatment. Methods: We report a case of Seymour's fracture. A 9-year-old boy presented a laceration of the nail matrix, with the nail lies degloved from the nail fold on the right middle finger gotten from an impact against a door. An X-ray examination showed the fracture line lying 1 mm distal to the growth plate. The injury was treated with debridement and the fracture was reduced by applying hyperextension force. Under the C-arm, a single 0.7 mm K-wire was used to immobilize the distal interphalangeal joint. Intravenous antibiotics were applied for 5 days after surgery. Results: The K-wire was removed in the 3rd week. No infection or significant deformity was found until follow-up of 12 months. Conclusions: Seymour's fracture may be at first classically mallet deformity by its appearance. But it is anatomically different and more problematic injury. If it isn't corrected at the time of injury, derangement of the extensor mechanism, and growth deformity of the distal phalanx may occur. The fracture site should be debrided, removed of any interposed soft tissue, and the patient should be given appropriate antibiotics. Reduction should be maintained by K-wire fixation. We experienced no infection or premature epiphyseal closure.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.307-310
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• 1998

Selective lumbosacral radiculography and nerve root block techniques are very useful in determining the nerve root involved. We have done the lumbar root block to 61-year-old female who had suffered from low back pain radiating to right lower leg which was not relieved by epidural steroid injection two times. $L_5$ root block was performed under the fluoroscopic C-arm guide. When the needle was in correct position, we injected contrast medium (Isovist$^{(R)}$ - 300, Schering, Germany). After we injected 1.5 cc isovist, the S1 root was figured but L5 root was not figured. When we reinjected 1.5 cc isovist, $S_1$ root was enhanced and $L_5$ root was slightly visible due to severe disc bulging and lateral spinal stenosis.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.101-104
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• 1998

Backgrouds: Twent five years have passed since the opening of the first pain clinic in korea, in 1973 at Yonsei University Hospital. The number of pain clinics are gradually increasing in recent times. It is important to plan for future pain clinics with emphasis on improving the quality of pain management. Therefore we reviewed the patients in our hospital to help us in planning for the future of our pain clinic. Methods: We analyzed 2656 patients who had visited our Kim Chan Pain Clinic, accordance to age, sex, disease, and type of treatment block, from July 1996 to August 1997. Results: The prevalent age group was in the fifties, 27.3%, seventy years and older compromised 9.2%. The most common disease were as follows: lower back pain(46.2%); cervical and upper extremities pain(23.1%); trigeminal neuralgia(7.2%); and hyperhydrosis(5.8%) Both nerve blocks and medication were prescribed as treatment. Lumbar epidural block(16.3%) and stellate ganglion block(15.6%) were the most frequent blocks performed among various nerve blocks. Among nerve block under C-arm guidance, lumbar facet joint block(24.4%) and lumbar root block(22.5%) were performed most frequently. Trigeminal nerve block(18.4%), thoracic(17.0%) and lumbar sympathetic ganglion block(11.4%) were next most prevalent blocks performed frequent block. Conclusions: Treatments at our hospital were focused on nerve blocks and medications prescriptions. Nerve blocks are of particular importance in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain. However in future, to raise the quality of pain management, we need to fucus on a multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary team approach.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.615-621
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• 2007

AMP-activated protein kinase alpha 2 (PRKAA2) plays a key role in regulation of fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism. This study investigated the porcine PRKAA2 gene as a positional candidate for intramuscular fat and backfat thickness traits in pig chromosome 6. A partial fragment of the porcine PRKAA2 gene, amplified by PCR, contained a putative intron 3 including a part of exon 3 and 4, comparable with that of human PRKAA2 gene. Within the fragment, several single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified using multiple sequence alignments. Of these, TaqI restriction enzyme polymorphism was used for genotyping various pig breeds including Korean reference family. Using linkage and physical mapping, the porcine PRKAA2 gene was mapped in the region between microsatellite markers SW1881 and SW1680 on chromosome 6. Allele frequencies were quite different among pig breeds. The full length cDNA of the porcine PRKAA2 (2,145 bp) obtained by RACE containing 1,656 bp open reading frame of deduced 552 amino acids, had sequence identities with PRKAA2 of human (98.2%), rat (97.8%), and mouse (97.5%). These results suggested that the porcine PRKAA2 is a positional candidate gene for fat deposition trait at near telomeric region of the long arm of SSC 6.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.406-412
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• 1992

조미훈연 오징어(Neon flying squid, Qmmastrephes bartrannii)의 적절한 가공조건을 찾기 위하여 일반성분변화 및 단백질 품질변화를 측정하였다. 수분, 조단백질함량은 매우 감소하였으나(p<0.05) 지방, 회분함량은 그다지 증가하지 않았다. 조미, 훈연은 TBA가의 증가를 초래하였다. 여러 가지 가공단계들은 TI함량을 크게 증가시키지는 않았다. 오징어 가공전단계를 통해 측정된 TI함량은 같은 가공단계에서의 TBA가와 서로 관련이 없었다. Steak용으로 가공한 것을 제외한 모든 가공품들의 경우, 소화율과 C-PER, DC-PER이 증가하였다. 생시료의 경우, 북태평양산 빨강오징어(몸통, 다리 양쪽 모두)의 효소 소화율은 다른 오징어종에 비해 상당히 낮았다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.578-581
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• 2015

A rigid spino-pelvic fixation to anchor long constructs is crucial to maintain the stability of long fusion in spinal deformity surgery. Besides obtaining immediate stability and proper biomechanical strength of constructs, the S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screws have some more advantages. Four Korean fresh-frozen human cadavers were procured. Free hand S2AI screw placement is performed using anatomic landmarks. The starting point of the S2AI screw is located at the midpoint between the S1 and S2 foramen and 2 mm medial to the lateral sacral crest. Gearshift was advanced from the desired starting point toward the sacro-iliac joint directing approximately $20^{\circ}$ angulation caudally in sagittal plane and $30^{\circ}$ angulation horizontally in the coronal plane connecting the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS). We made a S2AI screw trajectory through the cancellous channel using the gearshift. We measured caudal angle in the sagittal plane and horizontal angle in the coronal plane. A total of eight S2AI screws were inserted in four cadavers. All screws inserted into the iliac crest were evaluated by C-arm and naked eye examination by two spine surgeons. Among 8 S2AI screws, all screws were accurately placed (100%). The average caudal angle in the sagittal plane was $17.3{\pm}5.4^{\circ}$. The average horizontal angle in the coronal plane connecting the PSIS was $32.0{\pm}1.8^{\circ}$. The placement of S2AI screws using the free hand technique without any radiographic guidance appears to an acceptable method of insertion without more radiation or time consuming.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권5호
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• pp.568-573
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• 2018

Objective : Thoracic pedicles have special and specific properties. In particular, upper thoracic pedicles are positioned in craniocaudal plane. Therefore, manipulation of thoracic pedicle screws on the left side is difficult for right-handed surgeons. We recommend a new position to insert thoracic pedicle screw that will be much comfortable for spine surgeons. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 33 patients who underwent upper thoracic pedicle screw instrumentation. In 15 patients, a total of 110 thoracic pedicle screws were inserted to the upper thoracic spine (T1-6) with classical position (anesthesiologist and monitor were placed near to patient's head. Surgeons were standing classically near to patient's body while patients were lying in prone position). In 18 patients, a total of 88 thoracic pedicle screws were inserted to the upper thoracic spine with the new standing position-surgeons stand by the head of the patient and the anesthesia monitor laterally and under patient's belt level. All the operations performed by the same senior spine surgeons with the help of C-arm. Postoperative computed tomography scans were obtained to assess the screw placement. The screw malposition and pedicle wall violations were divided and evaluated separately. Cortical penetration were measured and graded at either : 1-2 mm penetration, 2-4 mm penetration and >4 mm penetration. Results : Total 198 screws were inserted with two different standing positions. Of 198 screws 110 were in the classical positioning group and 88 were in the new positioning group. Incorrect screw placement was found in 33 screws (16.6%). The difference between total screw malposition by both standing positions were found to be statistically significant (p=0.011). The difference between total pedicle wall violations by both standing positions were found to be statistically significant (p=0.003). Conclusion : Right-handedness is a problem during the upper thoracic pedicle screw placement on the left side. Changing the surgeon's position standing near to patient's head could provide a much comfortable position to orient the craniocaudal plane of the thoracic pedicles.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.929-935
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• 1990

Violence in our society, combined with improving transport system, resulted in increased numbers of patients with cardiac wounds reaching the hospital alive. Most patients with penetrating cardiac injury, rather than blunt injury, present with a syndrome of either hemorrhagic shock or cardiac tamponade. And they should be operated upon as soon as possible. Often the atrioventricular valves and other important cardiac structures are also damaged by the penetrating instruments or missile. Both intracardiac communications and atrioventricular fistulas may result in significant left-to-right shunts accompanied by congestive heart failure, necessitating surgical correction. Usually, retained cardiac foreign bodies, which are almost always bullets or fragments of missiles, may lie within a cardiac chamber or in the myocardium. Emboli of bullets or other missiles from distant sites to the right side of the heart are numerous enough to require attention. Recently we experienced a case with intracardiac foreign body due to penetrating cardiac injury. A 19 year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to penetrating anterior chest wound by iron segment. The roentgenogram of the chest revealed a radio-opaque metallic shadow in left lower chest around the cardiac apex, mild blunting of left costophrenic space, but no cardiomegaly. During operation the foreign body was noted to be present in the cardiac chamber by the portable C-arm fluoroscopy. But during the manipulation it moved into left inferior pulmonary vein from left ventricle by way of left atrium. So we could manage to remove it from left inferior pulmonary vein by direct approach to the vein. It was iron segment, sized 0.lcm x0.6cmx0.5cm, with sharp margins. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery except for chylopericardium and was discharged.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1405-1408
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• 2005

An embedded system has been applied to many fields including households and industrial sites. In the past, user interface products with simple functions were commercialized .but now user demands are increasing and the system has more various applicable fields due to a high penetration rate of the Internet. Therefore, the demand for embedded system is tend to rise In this paper, we Implementation of an embedded system for image tracking. This system is used a fixed IP for the reliable server operation on TCP/IP networks. A real time broadcasting of video image on the internet was developed by using an USB camera on the embedded Linux system. The digital camera is connected at the USB host port of the embedded board. all input images from the video camera is continuously stored as a compressed JPEG file in a directory at the Linux web-server. And each frame image data from web camera is compared for measurement of displacement Vector. That used Block matching algorithm and edge detection algorithm for past speed. And the displacement vector is used at pan/tilt motor control through RS232 serial cable. The embedded board utilized the S3C2410 MPU Which used the ARM 920T core form Samsung. The operating system was ported to embedded Linux kernel and mounted of root file system. And the stored images are sent to the client PC through the web browser. It used the network function of Linux and it developed a program with protocol of the TCP/IP.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 1999

The complex [Ni(L2)(H2O)]Cl·H2O (1) (L2=3,14-dimethyl-2,6,13,17-tetraazartricyclo [14,4,01.18,07.12]docosane-N-acetic acid) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. 1 crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P, with a=11.274(1), b=13.851(1), c=17.159(6) , α=90.24(2), β=101.10(2), γ=92.11(1)o V=2682.5(11) 3, Z=4, R1=0.042 and wR2=0.111 for 9432 observed reflections with [I>2σ(I)]. The central nicke(II) ion is six-coordinated octahedral geometry with bonds to the four amine nitrogen atoms the carboxylic oxygen atom of the macrocyclic ligand and to the water molecule occupying a position trans to the pendant arm.