• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.538-543
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• 2004

To improve the levels of ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in germinated brown rice, chitosan and glutamic acid were treated during the brown rice germination. The GABA contents in germinated brown rices were 425.7 nmole/g and 637.0 nmole/g at germination temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ and germination time of 72 hrs. Response surface methodology(RSM) was used to monitor characteristics of germination from brown rices. As glutamic acid and chitosan concentration were increased, the GABA content was also increased. The ranges of optimum conditions were $105{\sim}160\;ppm$ in chitosan concentration and $200{\sim}290\;ppm$ in glutamic acid concentration. Predicted values at the optimized conditions were acceptable in comparison with experimental values.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1743-1749
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cucumber beverage intake on fluid-regulating hormones and CRP in amateur marathoners between the ages of 47~49. Among research subjects, 8 male middle-aged marathoners who have completed the full marathon course over 5 times and who have run for over 50 months were selected. In two marathon races, they received firstly water and secondly cucumber beverage: 10 ml before the race, 50 ml every 5 km, and 200 ml after the race, adding up to 10 drinks and 710 ml in total amount of beverage taken. For statistics, one-way ANOVA within the group was conducted through SPSS 12.0; for post-examination, Duncan was utilized; and for inter-group examination, an independent t-test was used. Before, right after, and after the marathon, the cucumber beverage intake group had a significantly decreased serum ADH concentration compared to the water intake group. Both the cucumber beverage and water intake groups had significantly increased serum rennin levels before, right after, and after the marathon. Both the cucumber beverage and water intake groups had significantly increased aldosterone before, right after, and after the marathon. CRP levels didn't show change. In conclusion, intake of cucumber beverage during a marathon race was found to help with fluid-regulating hormones. This research has attempted to continue to study the influence on hormones that control body fluids.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.448-448
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• 2005

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2004

Organic smectite was hydrothermally synthesized by treating the opal-rich siliceous mudstone from the Pohang area with TMAOH solutions and 1:1 solutions of TMAOH+NaOH at $80^{\circ}C$ and concentrations ranging 10∼15%. Smectite was solely formed without accompanying any mineral products in case of TMAOH, whereas NaP and hydroxysodalite was synthesized together with smectite under the blending solution of TMAOH+NaOH. The synthesized smectite is identified as an organic smectite intercalating $TMA^{+}$ within its interlayer site, specifically corresponding to monmorillonite species, through mineralogical characterization by XRD, DTA, and IR analyses. The experimental results indicate that main precursor of the synthesized smectite is undoubtedly opal-CT, and the original sedimentary smectite included as considerable amounts in the mudstone seems to play a major role as Al-sources necessary far the smectite formation. Original inert components such as quartz and mica do not affect mostly to the synthesis reaction, and thus, are resultantly found as impurities in the synthetic products. These experimental results may imply that a new effective method for the low-temperature (less than $100^{\circ}C$) hydrothermal synthesis of organic smectite will be established if some Al-sources adequate for this synthetic system are available.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1605-1610
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined exercise program and garlic pill intake on Body Composition, CRP and Adiponectin in obese high school male students. Twenty-one male students in city B volunteered to participate, and the signed consents were received before the study. Experimental groups were garlic pill intake with combined exercise group (n=7), combined exercise group (n=7), control group (n=7). The total experimental period was 16 weeks. The combined exercise group exercised 3 times a week for 16 weeks with intensity of RPE 7~15. Each exercise was 70 minutes long. A 5 g garlic pill was consumed after lunch and dinner every day. For statistics, two-way repeated test within the group was conducted through SPSS 12.0; for post-examination, Scheffe was utilized; and for inter-group examination, a paired t-test was used. The conclusions of this study are as follows. Between groups, combined exercise with garlic pill group had a significant decrease in %body fat. Within each group, combined exercise with garlic pill group had a significantly greater decrease in %body fat than the control group. Between groups, combined exercise with garlic pill group had a significant decrease in LBM. Between groups, combined exercise with garlic pill group had a significant decrease in CRP. Between groups, combined exercise with garlic pill group, combined exercise and control group showed a decrease in adiponectin. In conclusion, regular exercise and garlic pill intake improved % body fat in obese high school male students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.255-262
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• 1992

In vitro digestibility of filefish, protein was substantially decreased by fiber constituents in the follow-ing order : pectin (9.97%), gum karaya (7.03%), sodium alginate (6.12%),and cellulose (1.52%). The order of reduction by fibrous residues from vegetables ranked as follows : sea tangle (12.36%), Ro-maine lettuce (11.12%), perillar leaf (8.96%), and green pepper (5.15%). The inhibitory effect of the dietary fibers towards filefish protein digestion, expressed as soybean trypsin inhibitor equivalents, in-creased with added levels, but the inhibition differed with the sources of dietary fibers. Sea tangle and sodium alginate were most active in decreasing the concentration of essential amino acid from filefish protein hydrolysis. Sodium alginate exerted an inhibitory effect on the activity of trypsin, but the other fiber constituents did not have an inhibitory potency on trypsin and bacterial pretense (Streptomyces griceus). Results supported that dietary fiber components may reduce protein digestibility through the interaction of dietary fiber components with filefish protein.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2010

Purpose : Adiponectin is an endogenous modulator of vascular remodeling that suppresses vascular inflammation. However, the role of adiponectin in Kawasaki disease (KD) has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between serum adiponectin level and several parameters, such as interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$, lipid profile, and C reactive protein (CRP), and to clarify the association between adiponectin and cardiac function. Methods : Twenty-two KD patients (22 patients in acute phase and 20 patients in subacute phase) were enrolled in the study group. The control group consisted of 31 subjects (13 febrile patients and 18 healthy children). Both groups underwent blood sampling and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Results : CRP was significantly increased in the KD group compared with the control group. There were no significant differences in serum $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6, and adiponectin levels between groups. However, a negative correlation was found between adiponectin level and CRP level or platelet count. Systolic myocardial velocity and A myocardial velocity measured by TDI were decreased significantly in the acute KD group compared with the subacute KD group and control group. Positive correlations were found between adiponectin level and systolic myocardial velocity or A myocardial velocity. Conclusion : In acute KD patients, low adiponectin level was related to severe inflammatory reactions and decreased left ventricular functions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.574-578
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• 2001

Myofibrillar proteins were prepared from red muscle and white muscle of fresh water fish and sea water fish, and their thermostabilities and effect of temperature on the myofibrillar ATPase activities were compared. Differences in temperature dependency of myofibrillar ATPase activities were found between two species. Thermodynamic data for inactivation of myofibrillar proteins, such as D value, Z value, $\Delta$ $H^{{\neq}}$, $\Delta$ $G^{{\neq}}$ and $\Delta$ $S^{\neq}$ revealed that thermostabilities of myofibrillar proteins from fresh water fish were higher than those from sea water fish, and that myofibrillar proteins from red muscle were more heat labile than those from white muscle.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.321-326
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• 2016

This study aimed to analyze the changes of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) measured in acute infection within four weeks post artificial joint surgery to predict potential infection in early stages, provide rapid treatment, and prevent the abuse of antibiotics. This study included 50 patients with acute infection and 50 patients without any symptoms of infection, among patients who received artificial joint replacement surgery on the lower limbs in a four-week period. CRP was the highest two-to-three days after surgery. with $5.77{\pm}3.69$ and $5.17{\pm}3.48$, respectively, in those with infection and without infection. Thereafter, the value rapidly reduced in those without infection. However, it increased again to $3.16{\pm}2.87$ in the group with infection according to the bimodal curve (p<0.001). ESR was the highest two-to-three days after surgery, with $58.8{\pm}24.63$ and $44.08{\pm}21.48$, respectively. Thereafter, the value slowly reduced in those without infection. However, it was increased again to $47.62{\pm}26.26$ in those with infection according to the bimodal curve p<0.001). As this study shows, if there is an increasing trend for CRP and ESR after artificial joint replacement surgery, it may be possible to question whether patients are acutely infected post surgery. In particular, this result is expected and regarded as a useful factor for diagnosing infection due to the high level of sensitivity and uniqueness for CRP.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.794-798
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• 1995

Deamidation by neutrase on glutaminyl and asparaginyl residues of protein was examined. The optimum pH and temperature for BSA(bovine serum albumin) deamidation by neutrase were 10 and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. The incubation for 3 hrs under the optimum condition removed 24% of amide groups and hydrolyzed 2.9% of peptide bonds. Deamidation by neutrase was superior to that by pronase, bromelain, or ficin. Deamidation degrees of egg albumin, soy protein isolate and casein by neutrase under the optimum condition were about 20%, 14% and 14%, respectively. However, relatively high degree of peptide hydrolysis was accompanied with casein deamidation.