• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.517-526
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is the education applying Havruta's method for nursing students and to examine its effect on the Communication Competency, Problem-Solving Capability, and Learning Satisfaction. This study is a one-group pre-post design is use and the subjects of this sutdy were the first-grade students of this study were the first grade students of C university the department of nursing, who Anatomy nursing courses. Data of study was collected at begin and finish of semester in 2023 using the SPSS 23.0 program. Result, Communicaton Competency (t=2.11, p=.036), Problem-Solving Capability (t=2.11, p<.001) and Learning Satisfaction (t=3.12, p=.002) of nursing students using Havruta's method is statistically significantly. As Havruta's method has shown results that improve nursing students' capabilities, various studies applying the havruta's method are suggested.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.588-595
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• 2011

In this study, the effects of red ginseng extracts (RGE), which has been used as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent, on pork sausage were evaluated. The treatments were as follows; addition of 0.01% sodium ascorbate (V), 0.5% RGE (T1), 1.0% RGE (T2) and 1.5% RGE (T3) to the basal formula (C). T3 had a significantly higher pH, cooking loss and yellowness ($CIEb^*$) and lower lightness (CIE $L^*$) and redness (CIE $a^*$) than the other samples. The hardness and surface hardness values of 1.5% RGE treated sample were significantly lower (p<0.01) than those of C. However, the cohesiveness values of the RGE samples were higher than the others (p<0.05). In the sensory evaluation, no significant differences in color, taste, texture, juiciness and acceptability were observed among the tested samples, while, the aroma scores of T2 and T3 were higher than those of the C and V samples (p<0.05). The TBARS values of RGE treated groups were higher (p<0.05) than the C sample after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of storage; however, this value did not increase with storage time (p>0.05). When the RGE concentration was high, the reduction in total plate counts and VBN value at week 3 and 4 of storage (p<0.01) decreased. In conclusion, red ginseng extracts seemed to have a positive impact on lipid oxidation, aroma and the microbial characteristics of pork sausage.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.128-139
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to translate the Perinatal Infant Care Social Support (PICSS) instrument into Chinese and to verify the reliability and validity of the translated version. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design to examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the PICSS (C-PICSS). A cohort of 150 first-time mothers in China participated, attending hospital follow-up care at 6 weeks postpartum. Data were collected after obtaining informed consent from the mothers. Results: The majority of mothers were aged between 20 and 29 years, with a mean age of 26.25 (±3.90) years. An item analysis of the 19 items in the C-PICSS showed that all items had an item-total score correlation above 0.2. This resulted in a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of 0.92 and a significant Bartlett's test of sphericity (χ²=1,778.65, p<.001), confirming the suitability of the data for factor analysis. Correlation analyses revealed a strong positive relationship between infant care social support and general social support (r=.62, p<.001), and a negative relationship between infant care social support and postpartum depression (r=-. 38, p<.001). Higher scores for infant care social support were associated with reporting positive relationships with their husbands (t=3.72, p<.001) and high levels of spousal involvement (t=4.09, p<.001). In terms of structural support, spouses were identified as the primary source. Conclusion: The research results indicate that C-PICSS is reliable and valid as an indicator of social support for infant care among Chinese mothers.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.136-153
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• 2019

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of skin care foods on the synthesis of pro-collagen type I C peptide and suppression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 secretion through an in vitro study using fibroblasts (Hs68 cells) and keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). Among the three skin care foods developed in this study, three beans cookie and avocado yoghurt influenced the production of pro-collagen type I C peptide and suppressed MMP-1 secretion; however, tiger nut Galsu drink did not exhibit these effects. All skin care foods, including three beans cookie and plain yoghurt ($50{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.001) influenced the suppression of MMP-1 in addition to other commercially available breast milk production support foods examined, such as Heath Heather ($50{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.001), Happy Mama ($50{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.01), BioLys ($50{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.001), Enfamama ($25{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.0001), and Pregnagen ($25{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.001). Avocado fruit yoghurt ($25{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.05), avocado fruit jam yoghurt ($50{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.01), Enfamama ($100{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.05), and Pregnagen ($100{\mu}g/mL$, p<0.05) influenced the production of pro-collagen type I C peptide and suppressed MMP-1 secretion. This result indicates that only avocado jam yoghurt significantly influenced both the prevention of skin keratinization and acceleration of recovery of skin fibrous structure. Therefore, avocado is a favorable ingredient for nutrition-balanced dietary foods or an essential ingredient in products for revitalization of human skin.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.345-358
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• 1998

The evolution of surface roughness and morphology in epitaxial Si and $Si_{0.7}Ge{0.3}$ alloys grown by UHV opm-beam sputter deposition onto nominally-singular, [100]-, and [110]-mi-scut Si(001) was investigated by stomic force microscopy and trasmission electron microscopy. The evolution of surface roughness of epitaxial Si films grown at $300^{\circ}C$ is inconsistent with conventional scaling and hyperscaling laws for kineti roughening. Unstable growth leading to the formation of mounds separated by a well-defined length scale is observed on all substrates. Contraty to previous high-temperature growth results, the presence of steps during deposition at $300^{\circ}C$ increases the tendency toward unstable growth resulting in a much earlier development of mound structures and larger surface roughnesses on vicival substrates. Strain-induced surface roughening was found to dominate in $Si_{0.7}Ge{0.3}$ alloys grown on singular Si(001) substrates at $T_S\ge450^{\circ}C$ where the coherent islands are prererentially bounded along <100> directions and eshibt {105} facetting. Increasing the film thickness above critical values for strain relaxation leads to island coalescence and surface smoothening. At very low growth temperatures ($T_s\le 250^{\circ}C$), film surfaces roughen kinetically, due to limited adatom diffusiviry, but at far lower rates than in the higher-temperature strain-induced regime. There is an intermediate growth temperature range, however, over which alloy film surfaces remain extremely smooth even at thicknesses near critical values for strain relaxation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.8284-8291
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to explore degree of nursing student's mental health and the factors influencing mental health of those surveyed. A total of 186 nursing student B, C city were surveyed. All of this data is analyzed by using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, multiple regression analysis with SPSS WIN/18.0. The results were as fallows. The mean score for Mental health was $2.25{\pm}0.65$. There were negative correlation between Mental health and self-efficacy(r=-434, p<.001), social support(r=-.393, p<.001). Regression analysis showed 24.7% of variance in nursing student's mental health can by experience of dating with self-efficacy and social support. The fallow-up survey about various factors influencing nursing student's mental health is needed and mental health increasing education and program developing are required.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.1205-1214
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• 1999

Whole lupinus albus seeds were pressure toasted at temperatures of 100, 118 and $136^{\circ}C$ for 3, 7, 15 and 30 min to study rumen degradation and post-rumen digestion and to determine optimal heating conditions for the Dutch dairy feed industry. In sacco nylon bag and mobile bag techniques were employed for rumen and intestine incubations to determine ruminal degradation characteristics and intestinal digestion of crude protein (CP) in 4 lactation rumen cannulated and 4 lactating intestinal cannulated Dutch dairy cows fed 47% hay and 53% concentrate according to Dutch dairy requirements. Measured rumen degradation characteristics were soluble fraction (S), undegradable fraction (U), potentially degradable fraction (D), lag time (T0) and rate of degradation (Kd) of insoluble but degradable fraction. Percentage bypass feed protein (BCP), ruminal microbial protein synthesized based on available nitrogen (N_MP) and that based on available energy (E_MP), true protein supplied to the small intestine (TPSI), truly absorbed BCP (ABCP), absorbed microbial protein (AVP) in the small intestine, endogenous protein losses in the digestion (ENDP), true digested protein in the small intestine (TAP or DVE in Dutch) and degraded protein balance (PDB or OEB in Dutch) were totally evaluated using the new Dutch DVE/OEB System. Pressure toasting decreased (p<0.001) rumen degradability of CP. It reduced S (p<0.05) and Kd (p=0.06), increased D (p<0.05) and U (p<0.01) but did not alter T0 (p>0.05), thus resulting in dramatically increased BCP (p<0.001) with increasing time and temperature from 73.7 (raw) up to 182.5 g/kg DM ($136^{\circ}C/15min$). Although rumen microbial protein synthesized based on available energy (E_MP) was reduced, true protein (microbial and bypass feed protein) supplied to the small intestine (TPSI) was increased (p<0.001) from 153.1 (raw) to 247.6 g/kg DM ($136^{\circ}C/15min$). Due to digestibility of BCP in the intestine not changing (p>0.05) average 87.8%, the absorbed BCP increased (p<0.001) from 62.3 (raw) to 153.7 g/kg DM ($136^{\circ}C/15min$). Therefore DVE value of true digested protein in the small intestine was significantly increased (p<0.001) from 118.9 (raw) to 197.0 g/kg DM ($136^{\circ}C/15min$) and OEB value of degraded protein balance was significantly reduced (p<0.001) from 147.2 (raw) to 63.1 g/kg DM ($136^{\circ}C/15min$). It was concluded that pressure toasting was effective in shifting degradation of CP of lupinus albus from the rumen to small intestine without changing intestinal digestion. Further studies are required on the degradation and digestion of individual amino acids and on the damaging effects of processing on amino acids, especially the first limiting amino acids.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 1998

Susceptibility of soybean cultivars to Calonectria illicicola was evaluated in a greenhouse by inoculating seedlings with mycelium in agar discs placed on the stems at the soil line. A range of responses was detected among cultivars following inoculation with a virulent isolate of C.ilicicola. Rankings of cultivars between greenhouse tests 1 and 2 were similar for disease severity and areas under the disease progress curves (AUDPC). In addition, rankings of cultivars for Final disease severity were highly correlated with AUDPC in test 1 ($r_s$ =0.88, t =5.48, p<0.001), test 2 ($r_s$ =0.99, t =22.10, p<0.001), and when tests were combined ($r_s$=0.89, t=5.82, p<0. 001). Final disease severity and AUDPC consistently identified Asgrow 7986, Braxton, Cajun, and Forrest as soybean cultivars least susceptible to red crown rot. In 1993 and 1994 field tests, a range in disease susceptibility was observed for tested cultivars but none was completely resistant. Soybean cultivars Braxton, Cajun, and Forrest, which were least susceptible to red crown rot in greenhouse tests, also ranked among cultivars with the lowest disease incidence and AUDPC in field tests. Comparisons .between rankings of the eight cultivars common to greenhouse and field tests showed a correlation between final disease severity from combined greenhouse tests and both final disease incidence ($r_s$=0.63, t =1.99, p<0.1) and AUDPC ($r_s$=0.60, t =1.82, p < 0.2) from the combined field tests. However, AUDPC from greenhouse tests did not correlate with either final disease incidence or AUDPC from field tests. The green-house screening method provided consistent results between greenhouse and field tests and successfully identified the least susceptible cultivars Braxton, Cajun, and Forrest.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.792-799
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• 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of persimmon peel on the physicochemical properties of ground pork stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. Four types of ground pork were evaluated: T0 without dried persimmon peel powder, and T1 with 0.3%, T2 with 0.7%, and T3 with 1.0% dried persimmon peel powder. The pH increased during storage, with the pH of T3 being the lowest (p<0.01). The L-value and b-value were not significantly changed, but the a-value decreased during storage. On the 10th day of storage, the a-values were significantly higher for T2 and T3 than for T0 and T1 (p<0.001). TBARS significantly increased during storage, with lower values for T2 and T3 than for T0 and T1 (p<0.001). DPPH free radical scavenging activity decreased during storage, with T0 having the lowest value (p<0.001). The VBN content increased during storage, and the VBN content of T0 was the highest at the 10th day (p<0.05). The water-holding capacity decreased and cooking loss increased during storage. Hardness and chewiness increased, while springiness and gumminess decreased during storage. The results of this study showed that the addition of persimmon peel during the process of making ground pork had antioxidant effects that maintained redness and physical quality. A 0.7% addition was the most appropriate.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.148-156
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• 2019

This study identified the effects of Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Sleep on Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) in nursing students. Totally, 213 students of a nursing college located in C do, Korea, were enrolled for the study, which was accomplished through a questionnaire. Data were collected from May 20 to 30, 2019. The collected data were compiled using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 statistic program by applying Chi-square test, Paired t-test, Pearson's Coefficient, and Multiple logistic regression. The following results were obtained. The mean score for EDS was 8.95(±4.56), and Prevalence of EDS was determined to be 40.8%. The mean scores obtained for the affecting factors were Depression 10.05(±7.85), STAI-S 46.09(±9.50), STAI-T 46.47(±9.93), and Quality of Sleep 6.51(±2.95). Depression, STAI-S, STAI-T, and Quality of Sleep were significantly different for EDS and Non-EDS students (t=1.955, p=0.024; t=5.446, p<0.001; t=1.716, p=0.007; t=12.168, p<0.001; respectively). Multiple logistic regression revealed that factors associated with EDS were STAI-S and Quality of Sleep (adjusted odds ratio=1.04, 95% Confidence Interval=1.01-1.08; adjusted odds ratio=1.16, 95% Confidence Interval=1.04-1.29; respectively). These findings indicate the necessity to improve the quality of sleep and manage anxiety alleviation of nursing students, to reduce excessive daytime sleepiness.