• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of protein sources and roughage (R) to concentrate (C) ratio on in vitro fermentation parameters using a gas production technique. The experimental design was a $2{\times}5$ factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design (CRD). Factor A was 2 levels of protein sources yeast fermented cassava chip protein (YEFECAP) and soybean meal (SBM) and factor B was 5 levels of roughage to concentrate (R:C) ratio at 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:100, respectively. Rice straw was used as a roughage source. It was found that gas production from the insoluble fraction (b) of YEFECAP supplemented group was significantly higher (p<0.05) than those in SBM supplemented group. Moreover, the intercept value (a), gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), gas production rate constants for the insoluble fraction (c), potential extent of gas production (a+b) and cumulative gas production at 96 h were influenced (p<0.01) by R:C ratio. In addition, protein source had no effect (p>0.05) on ether in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD) and organic (IVOMD) while R:C ratio affected the IVDMD and IVOMD (p<0.01). Moreover, YEFECAP supplanted group showed a significantly increased (p<0.05) total VFA and $C_3$ while $C_2$, $C_2:C_3$ and $CH_4$ production were decreased when compared with SBM supplemented group. In addition, a decreasing R:C ratio had a significant effect (p<0.05) on increasing total VFA, $C_3$ and $NH_3$-N, but decreasing the $C_2$, $C_2:C_3$ and CH4 production (p<0.01). Furthermore, total bacteria, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Ruminococcus albus populations in YEFECAP supplemented group were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those in the SBM supplemented group while fungal zoospores, methanogens and protozoal population remained unchanged (p>0.05) as compared between the two sources of protein. Moreover, fungal zoospores and total bacteria population were significantly increased (p<0.01) while, F. succinogenes, R. flavefaciens, R. albus, methanogens and protozoal population were decreased (p<0.01) with decreasing R:C ratio. In conclusion, YEFECAP has a potential for use as a protein source for improving rumen fermentation efficiency in ruminants.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 1988

분무량(噴霧量) 및 유량계수(流量係數)에 관(關)한 많은 연구(硏究)가 실험결과자료(實驗結果資料)에 기초하여 수행(遂行)되어졌다. 그러나 공시체(供試體)의 노즐의 특성(特性)에 따라서 유선(流線)의 특성(特性)이 다르므로 많은 실험결과(實驗結果) 및 해석(解析)이 서로 상치되는 점이 많다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 이론분석결과(理論分析結果)가 실험결과(實驗結果)와 다소 다르더라도 노즐 설계(設計)의 실제응용면(實際應用面)에서 필요(必要)한 노즐구조(構造)의 기본기능(基本機能)을 이론적(理論的)으로 분석(分析), 이해(理解)시키고저 한다. 이론분석(理論分析)의 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 공동면적(空洞面積)은 분구경(噴口徑), 와실경(渦室徑), 중자도구경(中子導溝徑) 및 중자도구각(中子導溝角)에 관계되고 있으며, 특히 중자도구각(中子導溝角)이 공동현상(空洞現象)에 큰 영향을 미친다. $$r_r{^6}-3r_o{^2}r_r{^4}+[3r_o{^4}+\frac{r_c{^4}r_o{^2}}{(r_c-r_g)^2\;tan^2{\theta}}]r_r{^2}-r_o{^6}=0$$ 반경방향(半徑方向) 힘의 요소(要素)로 인(因)한 유량계수(流量係數)($C_t$)는 산출식(算出式)은 아래와 같다. $$C_t=[1-(\frac{r_r}{r_o})^2]^{3/2}$$ 분무각(噴霧角)(${\alpha}$)은 공동반경(空洞半徑) 및 분구반경(噴口半徑)에 의(依)하여 변화(變化)된다. $${\alpha}=2\;tan^{-1}\(\frac{r^r}{\sqrt{r_o{^2}-r_r{^2}}}\)$$분무각(噴霧角)은 특히 와실유선각(渦室流線角)의 영향을 많이 받음을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2002

최근의 내장형(embedded) 실시간 운영체제들은 응용 분야에 따라 다양하게 개발되고 있다. 이러한 운영체제들의 중요한 차이점은 시간적인 제한 사항을 제어할 수 있는 타스크 스케줄링 기능과 다양한 환경에서 사용할 수 있는 장치들의 개발에 있다. 본 연구에서는 우선순위 기반의 선점(preemption) 메커니즘을 지원하는 $\mu$C/OS-II버전 2.03에서 동일 우선 순위를 가진 다중 태스크들을 관리하기 위한 시분할 방식의 Round/Robin(R/R) 타스크 스케줄링 기능을 추가하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 $\mu$C/OS-II의 커널 구조에서 가장 중요한 이베트 대기 리스트 구조를 제안하고, 제안된 구조에 대해 동일 우선순위를 가지는 다중 타스크의 실행 결과를 제시한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.180-188
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• 1997

Bacillus subtilis C9 was selected by measuring the oil film-collapsing activity and produced biosurfactant in a medium containing glucose as a sole carbon source. The biosurfactant emulsified hydrocarbons, vegetable oils and crude oil, and lowered the surface tension of culture broth to 28 dyne/cm. A biosurfactant, C9-BS produced by B. subtilis C9 was purified by ultrafiltration, extraction with chloroform and methanol, adsorption chromatography, and preparative reversed phase HPLC. Structural analyses, IR spectroscopy, FAB mass spectroscopy, amino acid composition, and NMR analyses, demonstrated that C9-BS was a lipopeptide comprising a fatty acid tail and peptide moiety. The lipophilic part consisting of $C_{14}\;or\;C_{15}$ hydroxy fatty acid was linked to the hydrophilic peptide part, which contained seven amino acids (Glu-Leu-Leu-Val-Asp-Leu-Leu) with a lactone linkage.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.324-329
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the changes of the serological lipid-related parameters of the rats when they were fed with the high fat diets supplemented with or without rutin for five weeks. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley male rats ($272.2{\pm}7.2 g$ of body weight) were randomly divided into three groups: control (C) group and two treatment groups. Rats in the C group were fed with the high-fat diet containing 20% lard, 1% cholesterol and 0.5% sodium cholate (w/w) which was modified from the formula of the American Institute of Nutrition-76 (AIN-76) diet. Rats in treatment groups were fed with above diet supplemented with 0.75% rutin (R-0.75) or 1.5% rutin (R-1.5) on the weight to weight basis, respectively. The supplementation of rutin did not induce any significant difference on the final body weight, gain of body weight, the amount of feed intake and the feed efficiency of rats in both control and treatment groups. In addition the values of glucose concentration, total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio showed no significant differences among groups. The values of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in sera of rats in both R-0.75 and R-1.5 groups were lower than those in C group but the significances were showed in only between R-0.75 and C group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The values of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in sera of rats in both R-0.75 and R-1.5 groups were higher than those in C group but the significances were showed in only between R-1.5 and C group (p < 0.01). The values of atherogenic index(AI) of rats in both R-0.75 and R-1.5 groups were the lower than those in C group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). The values of triglyceride in sera of rats showed no significant differences among groups. The values of AST and ALT in sera of rats showed no significant differences among groups. Therefore the supplementation of rutin to high fat diet in rats reduced effectively the serum lipid levels such as TC and LDL-C which were regarded as to cause the cardiovascular diseases, and moreover it elevated effectively HDL-C value which was regarded to protect cardiovascular diseases.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.881-889
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• 2023

Hymenobacter 속(genus)은 Bacteroidota 문(phylum), Hymenobacteraceae 과(family)의 대표 속(type genus)이다. 이 속에 속하는 세균들은 붉은색 색소를 함유하는 그람 음성 간균으로서, 자연계의 다양한 환경에서 분리되고 있다. 본 연구에서 붉은색 색소를 함유하는 그람 음성 간균이 경남 창원시 소재 창원대학교 교내의 연못에서 분리되었고, 이 세균은 균주 B2로 명명되었다. 균주 B2를 계통분석 및 생화학적으로 분석한 결과, Hymenobacter 속에 속하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이 세균의 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열을 genbank의 BLAST로 분석해 본 결과, 다른 어떠한 세균과도 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열의 상동성이 새로운 미생물로 인정되는 기준인 98.7%보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 균주 B2의 지방산을 분석해 본 결과, 주된 지방산은 summed feature 3(C_16:1 ω7c and/or C_16:1 ω6c, 22.8%), iso-C_15:0(16.2%), anteiso-C_15:0(12.9%), C_16:1ω5c(12.4%) 및 summed feature 4 (iso-C_17:1 I/anteiso-C_17:1)(9.5%)인 것으로 밝혀졌는데, 결과적으로 균주 B2의 지방산 함량은 다른 Hymenobacter 종들의 지방산 함량과 뚜렷한 차이가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 세균의 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열은 genbank에 accession number OQ318247로 등록되었다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.12-13
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• 2000

A human-specific retroposon SINE-R.C2 has been derived from a human endogenous retrovirus HER V-K 10. It is absent in the genome of nonhuman primates and present within the third intron of the human C2 gene that is located in the class III region of the major histocompatibility complex. In the present study, we determined the regional location of the human C2 gene. The analysis of the Genebridge 4 radiation hybrid mapping panel using PCR amplification located the C2 gene between D6S1422 (10.1 cR) and CHLC.GATA4A03 (21.3) with a lod score of>3.0. This allowed us to localize C2 gene on the human chromosome 6 band p21.31.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.110-114
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• 2010

알제리에서 출토되는 소듐-교환된 Maghnia 점에 대한 2개 염기성 염료인 RB5와 BG4의 흡착평형을 조사한 결과, 최대 흡착능은 각기 465.13 와 469.90 mg/g 으로 나타났다. ADMI 방법을 사용한 BR5 and BG4의 동시 흡착 실험에서 3개 다른 초기 농도비R (R=$C_{(BR5)}/C_{(BG4)}$) 2.5/1, 1/1, 1/2.5 을 사용하였다. 염료혼합물로부터 등온흡착 여부를 조사하여 경쟁 흡착인지를 알수 있다. 점토 표면 위 흡착 활성자리를 위한 BR5 and BG4 간 매우 강한 상호작용(R = 1/1)이 관찰되었다. RB 5 와 BG 4의 흡착능의 비율 R' (R'=$Qe_{(mixture)}/Qe_{(single)}$)은 초기 농도 비율 R (R=$C_{(BR5)}/C_{(BG4)}$)이 2.5/1, 1/1 and 1/2.5 인 경우에 대해 각기 0.86, 0.74 and 0.84 로 얻어졌다. Langmuir 와 Freundlich 모델이 각기 염료 뿐만 아니라 염료 혼합물의 흡착 거동에 잘 들어 맞음을 알 수 있었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.788-795
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• 2011

병원균에 대한 정확한 동정은 임상 연구실에서 필수적인 요소의 하나이다. Chyseobacterium indologenes에 대한 동정을 포함한 분자생물학적 분석과 리보솜의 16S rRNA 유전자로 한국에서 추출한 17검체와 GenBank에서 Chyseobacterium속 검색을 통해 이들과 계통관계를 평가하였다. C. indologenes의 배당 서열은 1,176 nucleotides였다. C. indologenes 내의 서열 변이는 주로 염기 치환이었다. 한국의 C. indologenes 검체는 다른 나라의 동 종과 크게 다르지 않았다. 그런데 한국의 C. indologenes의 치환율은 GenBank에 있는 동종보다 높았다. C. indologenes는 C. isbiliense, C. hominis, C. hispanicum, C. molle, C. hungaricum, and C. pallidum과 자매종을 형성하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.199-208
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• 1987

The chemotherapeutic efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ($Bactrim^{\circledR}$) in mice experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gcndii was evaluated. The average survival days and survival rate of mice infected intraperitoneally with $1{\times}10^5$ trophozoites and treated with $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ were compared with those of untreated group. The hematologic findings of blood samples of experimental mice were observed for comparison of side elects between $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ and pyrimethamine ($Daraprim^{\circledR}$), the latter of which has been one of the favorable drugs for the treatment of toxoplasmosis. The results are summarized as follows: 1. $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ showed a strong evidence of potent anti-Toxoplasma activity. The survival rate of mice administered with 24 mg of $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ per mouse per day for 7 days, was 83.3%, and the rate was increased to 100% in mice administered with two-fold concentrated dose of the drug. 2. The average numbers of white blood cells (W.B.C.) in the mouse groups treated with $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ or $Daraprim^{\circledR}$ were more increased than those only infected with T. gondii. The mice treated with $Daraprim^{\circledR}$ however, showed remarkably decreased numbers of W.B.C. as compared with those treated with $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ . 3. The average numbers of red blood cells (R.B.C.) and platelets both in the drug-treated and untreated T. gondii-infected mice were decreased as compared with normal mice. The numbers of R. B. C. in $Daraprim^{\circledR}-treated$ mice, however, were more decreased than in $Bactrim^{\circledR}-treated$ mice. 4. The average levels of hemoglobin both in the drug.treated and untreated T. gondii-infected mice were decreased, compared with normal mice. But there was no difference in the levels of hemoglobin between $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ and $Daraprim^{\circledR}-treated$ groups. In conclusion, trimethoprim.sulfamethoxasole ($Bactrim^{\circledR}$) was proven to be effective and safe for the treatment of murine toxoplasmosis. The efficacy was comparable with pyrimethamine ($Daraprim^{\circledR}$), but bone marrow depression was less severe with $Bactrim^{\circledR}$ treatment.