• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.56-62
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• 2003

The liver progenitor cells could form a potential target cell population fore both tumor-initiating and -promoting chemicals. Induction of drug-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes, including AhR-dependent CYP1A1, NQO-1 and AKR1C9, was detected in the rat liver epithelial WB-F344 "stem-like" cells. Additionally, WB-F344 cells express a functional, wild-type form of p53 protein, a biomarker of genotoxic events, and connexin 43, a basic structural unit of gap junctions forming an important type of intercellular communication. In this cellular model, two complementary assays have been established for detection of the modes of action associated with tumor promotion: inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) and proliferative activity in confluent cells. We found that the PAHs and PCBs, which are AhR agonists, released WB-F344 cells from contact inhibition, increasing both DNA synthesis and cell numbers. Genotoxic effects of some PAHs that lead to apoptosis and cell cycle delay might interfere with the proliferative activity of PAHs. Contrary to that, the nongenotoxic low-molecular-weight PAHs and non-dioxin-like PCB congeners, abundant in the environment, did not significantly affect cell cycle and cell proliferation; however both groups of compounds inhibited GJIC in WB-F344 cells. The release from contact inhibiton by a mechanism that possibly involves the AhR activation, inhibition of GJIC and genotoxic events induced by environmental contaminants are three important modes of action that could play an important role in carcinogenic effects of toxic compounds. The relative potencies to inhibit GJIC, to induce AhR-mediated activity, and to release cells from contact inhibition were determined for a large series of PAHs and PCBs and their metabolites. In vitro bioassays based on detection of events on cellular level (deregulation of GJIC and/or proliferation) or determination of receptor-mediated activities in both ?$stem-like^{\circ}{\times}$ and hepatocyte-like liver cellular models are valuable tools for detection of modes of action of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. They may serve, together with concentration data, as a first step in their risk assessment.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.45-63
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• 2015

An international survey of over 3600 academic researchers examined how trustworthiness is determined when making decisions on scholarly reading, citing, and publishing in the digital age and whether social media and open access publications are having an impact on judgements. In general, the study found that traditional scholarly methods and criteria remain important across the board. However, there are significant differences between younger (age 30 & under) and older researchers (over 30). Thus younger researchers: a) expend less effort to obtain information and more likely to compromise on quality in their selections; b) view open access publishing much more positively as it offers them more choices and helps to establish their reputation more quickly; c) compensate for their lack of experience by relying more heavily on trust markers and proxies, such as impact factors; d) use all the outlets available in order to improve the chances of getting their work published and, in this respect, make the most use of the social media with which they are more familiar.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.531-538
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• 2013

The coordination and control of construction projects is vital if a project is to be a success. Almost all analysis has shown that these can only be achieved if good quality communication can be maintained on a construction site. This research focuses on the role that tablet computers could play in enhancing this communication. The following points are investigated in this paper: (a) Whether a tablet computer can enable users to monitor project progress more efficiently than traditional methods, (b) How the tablet computer fits within the project management iron triangle in construction, (c) The two different psychological impacts of information transmission for the end user using a tablet computer (i) The expectancy to transmit information frequently and rapidly from tablet computer users to project members whilst working onsite (ii) The mode of information transmission to the cognition of the transmitted information to the tablet computer. Through the use of structured interviews and questionnaires, the opinions of individuals within various disciplines in construction were canvassed. The approach adopted in this paper deals with understanding both the soft and hard issues for deploying such a system. This research enabled the authors to develop a base framework incorporating the key factors which are relevant for implementing a tablet computer based on information flows primarily.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.75-88
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• 2008

This paper presents a spatial-level nonparametric multi-focus image fusion technique based on kernel estimates of input image blocks' underlying class-conditional probability density functions. Image fusion is approached as a classification task whose posterior class probabilities, P($wi{\mid}Bikl$), are calculated with likelihood density functions that are estimated from the training patterns. For each of the C input images Ii, the proposed method defines i classes wi and forms the fused image Z(k,l) from a decision map represented by a set of $P{\times}Q$ blocks Bikl whose features maximize the discriminant function based on the Bayesian decision principle. Performance of the proposed technique is evaluated in terms of RMSE and Mutual Information (MI) as the output quality measures. The width of the kernel functions, ${\sigma}$, were made to vary, and different kernels and block sizes were applied in performance evaluation. The proposed scheme is tested with C=2 and C=3 input images and results exhibited good performance.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.29-36
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• 2009

The fuzzy controller of the FFH(Fuel Fired Heater) used for vehicle is designed in this study. Two of the most important things of the pre-heater are how fast it can be at the set temperature and how to reduce the temperature deviation in the space to a minimum. The temperature deviation of the existed FFH with PI controller for temperature controller was reduced. Also, the fuzzy controller improved the response characteristics, and then the performance was inspected. When setting the temperature in this designed fuzzy controller, it took 12 minutes in the existed PI control method to reach $25^{\circ}C$. However, it took 9 minutes and 20 seconds in the fuzzy control method. Therefore, it is proved that the fuzzy controller is better than the existed one with fast response performance as 2 minutes 40 seconds. The temperature deviation was $2.4^{\circ}C$ in the existed control method but $1.6^{\circ}C$ in the designed fuzzy controller. Accordingly, the temperature deviation was improved too.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.05
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• pp.326-329
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• 1997

This paper describes a new ECG monitor that has a TFT LCD panel as its display unit. The monitor is thinner, smaller and lighter than most commonly used CRT-based monitors. In addition to portability, the system can be expanded to measure blood pressure and oxygen saturation through its flexible design.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.12
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• pp.1764-1770
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• 2013

Use of the 5.1 channel audio signals suitable for the television system is improper for the radio broadcasting system, which uses the stereo audio system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an audio down-mixer to convert 5.1 multi-channel audio signals to stereo signals for radio broadcasting. In this paper, a development of an audio down-mixer was carried out to convert 5.1 multi-channel audio signals to stereo signals. The down-mixer which was developed can use the audio signals separated from video signals, including sound signals or individual signals provided from 3-channel AES/EBU signals including Left(L), Right(R), Left Surround(Ls), Right Surround(Rs), Center(C) and Low Frequency Effect(Lfe) sounds as mixer inputs.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.635-639
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• 2010

A multi-resonance antenna for wireless communications is reported. By using double inverted-L strips, the antenna demonstrated compact size (15 mm ${\times}$ 14 mm) including the ground, multi-band operation for IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/p applications, and wide bandwidth of 1.7 GHz at 5 GHz band. Good radiation features of omni-directional patterns and 1.98 and 2.29 dBi peak antenna gains for the lower and upper bands, respectively, have been achieved.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.05c
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• pp.1891-1894
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• 2003

종단-대-종단 사용자간에 사용되는 데이터 형태가 상이하며 전송 프로토콜 또한 상이한 구조가 많이 발생한다. 그러나 종단 사용자가 거래하는 모든 사용자들의 환경을 고려하여 개발하는 것은 매우 비효율적이다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 상이한 데이터 형태와 프로토콜 변환을 제공하는 중앙서버를 설계하여 보다 편리한 서비스를 제공하고자 한다. 제안된 시스템은 3-tier로 구성되며, 외부에서 DB 시스템을 직접 접속할 수 없도록 하였다. 시스템 내 처리되는 메시지 단위는 XML이나 다양한 사용자 데이터 형태를 지끈하며, TCP/IP는 기본으로 제공하며 HTTP와 FTP도 지원하였다.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.570-578
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• 1999

This paper aims at developing remote control system to control and monitor distributed various devices t through Internet or information communication network. SNJV!P(Simple Network l\ilanagement Protocol) and R Rectifier system with SN:\IP are adoptL'Cl for applied system with network management protocoJ, respectiveJy. F For controJling and monitoring distributed devices in realtime, Java environment software is constructed. Also g general--purpose interface controller between network device and applied device is pro[XJsed. The ProPOSL'Cl c controller is also able to control various devices with communication network remotely.