• Title/Summary/Keyword: Butanol Dehydration

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Effect of Si/Al2 Ratio on 2-butanol Dehydration over HY Zeolite Catalysts (HY zeolite 촉매 상에서 Si/Al2 비가 2-Butanol 탈수반응에 미치는 영향)

  • Jung, Euna;Choi, Hyeonhee;Jeon, Jong-Ki
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.53 no.1
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    • pp.116-120
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    • 2015
  • Synthesis of butenes through dehydration of 2-butanol was investigated over HY zeolite catalysts. 2-Butanol dehydration reaction was carried out in a fixed bed catalytic reactor. 2-Butanol conversion was increased with increase of $Si/Al_2$ ratio of HY zeolite catalysts, which can be ascribed to increase of acid strength with increase of $Si/Al_2$ ratio. Selectivities to 1-butene, trans-2-butene, and cis-2-butene were not greatly influenced by the change of the $Si/Al_2$ ratio of HY zeolite. As a result, it was advantageous to use a HY zeolite catalyst with 60 $Si/Al_2$ ratio for maximizing the yield of 1-butene in the dehydration of 2-butanol. The optimal reaction temperature for maximizing the yield of 1-butene was $250^{\circ}C$ over HY (60) catalyst.

Synthesis of Butenes through Butanol Dehydration over Catalyst Prepared from Water Treatment Sludge (정수 슬러지로부터 제조된 촉매 상에서 부탄올 탈수반응을 통한 부텐 제조)

  • Kim, Goun;Bae, Junghyun;Choi, Hyeonhee;Lee, Choul-Ho;Jeon, Jong-Ki
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.53 no.1
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    • pp.121-126
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    • 2015
  • The objective of this study is to evaluate the catalytic potential of the porous material prepared from water treatment sludge. The textural properties of the catalyst were studied using $N_2$ adsorption and desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction. The pellet-type catalyst prepared using water treatment sludge is determined to be a material that contains mesopores as well as micropores. The specific surface area of the catalyst is $157m^2/g$. Acidic characteristics of the catalyst are analyzed by temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia and infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine. 2-Butanol dehydration reaction was carried out in a fixed bed catalytic reactor. Yields of 1-butene, trans-2-butene, and cis-2-butene at $350^{\circ}C$ were 25.6 wt%, 19.2 wt%, and 29.9 wt%, respectively. This catalytic activity of the catalyst based on water treatment sludge in 2-butanol dehydration is due to the acid sites composed of Bronsted acid sites and Lewis acid sites. It was confirmed that the catalyst based on water treatment sludge can be utilized to produce $C_4$ olefin through butanol dehydration.

Conservation of Excavated Lacquer-wares for using artificially water-soaked Lacquer-wares (인공수침 칠기를 이용한 고대칠기 보존연구)

  • Kim, Soo-Chul
    • Journal of Conservation Science
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    • v.21
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    • pp.49-58
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    • 2007
  • Among the treatment results of test samples of the antique lacquer-ware, the treatment with PEG#3,350 40% solution displayed excellent effect with low shrinkage ratio; in weight gain the treatment with Sucrose 19%+Glycerin 1%(t-butanol 5% in water) solution showed consistent increase. However during the impregnation process of Sucrose, the weight of the testing samples decreased by dehydration because the inner part of the test samples and the treatment solution showed concentration gradient. Therefore, we concluded longer impregnation period should be necessary to prevent dehydration. Since both higher and lower molecular weight treatment chemicals could penetrate into the wood of the lacquer-ware, air drying and conditioning after impregnation treatment with high concentration chemicals would be possible, as well as vacuum freeze-drying.

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Dehydration Behavior of Water-butanol Solutions through Asymmetric Sulfonated Po.ysulfone Membrane (술폰화된 polysulfone 비대칭막의 제조와 이를 이용한 물-부탄올 수용액의 탈수거동)

  • 변인섭;백귀찬;차시환;권창오;서종원;김용욱
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.170-177
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    • 1999
  • Asymmetric membranes for pervaporation were prepared with poly sulfone and sulfonated poly sulfone in order to separate water from 90% by weight butanol solution. Chlorosulfonic acid was reacted with trimethylchlorosilane for using as a sulfonating agent. The prepared polymers were characterized with FT-IR and $^1H$-NMR. The thermal properties of the polymers were examined with DSC and TGA. Back titration method was used for the evaluation of the degree of sulfonation or the ion ex¬change capacity. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and diethyleneglycol dimethyl ether (DGDE) cosolvent were used for the preparation of asymmetric membranes. The cross section and skin layer of the mem¬branes were examined with scanning electron michroscopy to investigate membrane structure formed with cosolvent composition in the casting solution. In this article, the selectivity of the dense films were not different from each other so much. However, the permeation rates were significantly increased as much as 80 times compared to that of dense film.

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Pervaporation of binary Water/Methanol and Water/Butanol Mixtures through Zeolite 4A Membranes: Experiments and Modeling (제올라이트 4A 분리막을 이용한 물/메탄올, 물/부탄올 혼합물의 투과증발 특성 연구: 실험 및 모형)

  • Oh, Woong-Jin;Jung, Jae-Chil;Yeo, Jeong-gu;Lee, Jung Hyun;Kim, Hyunuk;Park, Young Cheol;Lee, Dong-Ho;Moon, Jong-Ho;Cho, Churl-Hee
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.487-498
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    • 2017
  • In this study, pervaporation performances of water/methanol and water/butanol mixture were evaluated using zeolite 4A membranes manufacutred by FINETECH by experimental works and numerical modeling. Permeation and separation characteristics, such as flux and separation factor, were analyzed by gas chromatography (TCD) and liquid nitrogen traps. Experiments have shown that water is selectively separated from a mixture of water and methanol (separation factor up to approximately 250) and water and butanol (separation factor up to approximately 1,500). Generalized Maxwell Stefan (GMS) theory was implemented to predict pervaporation behaviors of water/alcohol mixtures and diffusional coefficients of zeolite layer were obtained through parameter estimation using $MATLAB^{(R)}$ optimization toolbox. Since the pore size of zeolite 4A are much larger than kinetic diameter of water molecules and smaller than those of methanol and butanol, zeolite 4A membranes can be applied to in situ water removal process such as membrane reactors or hybrid reaction-dehydration process.

A New Microassay for the Determination of Serum TBA (Thiobarbituric Acid) Value Enhanced by $FeCl_{3}$ under Anaerobic Condition (무산소상태에서 $FeCl_{3}$로 촉진된 Thiobarbituric Acid 반응을 이용한 혈청중 TBA 반응물의 새로운 정량법)

  • Lee, Joung-Won;Mo, Su-Mi;Lee, Tae-Young
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.31-40
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    • 1984
  • A new microassay was proposed for the determination of serum thiobarbituric acid(TBA) value greatly enhanced by ferric ion under anaerobic condition. One ${\mu}mole$ of $FeCl_{3}$ per $10{\mu}l$ of serum was added to the TBA reaction mixture containing serum protein precipitate. The reaction mixture was heated on boiling water-bath for 50min under $N_{2}$ flushing. The sensitivity of this assay was greatly enhanced by 40 times comparing with that of Yagi's method (1976). In favour of the enhancement, this test could be measured by colorimetry or spectrophotometry with the sample size of $10-20{\mu}l$ serum. The sensitivity and reproducibility were also improved by means of partial dehydration of the butanol extract with $(NH_{4})_{2}SO_{4}$ salting-out. Serum TBA values of healthy human at different age groups were determined by this proposed method.

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A Facile Synthesis of SAPO-34 Molecular Sieves with Microwave Irradiation in Wide Reaction Conditions

  • Jun, Jong-Won;Lee, Ji-Sun;Seok, Hwi-Young;Chang, Jong-San;Hwang, Jin-Soo;Jhung, Sung-Hwa
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.1957-1964
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    • 2011
  • Various reaction conditions uding temperature, time and type and concentration of templates have been changed in order to facilely synthesize, especially with microwave (MW) heating, SAPO-34 molecular sieves. SAPO-34 molecular sieve can be synthesized rapidly with microwave irradiation from a gel containing tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) as a template. However, other several templating molecules lead to SAPO-5 molecular sieve under microwave irradiation even though SAPO-34 is obtained by conventional electric synthesis from the same reactant gels. Moreover, SAPO-34 can be obtained more easily by increasing the TEAOH or silica concentration or by increasing the reaction temperature. SAPO-34 can be obtained within 5 min in a selected condition (high temperature of 210 $^{\circ}C$) with microwave heating, which may lead to a continuous production of the important material. SAPO-34 synthesized by microwave irradiation is homogeneous and small in size and shows acidity and a stable performance in the dehydration of methanol and 2-butanol to olefins, suggesting potential applications in acid catalysis.