• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2013

This study was carried out to contribute to the self-help and sustainability of grassroots business in Gangwon-do. To achieve this, after setting up the concept of community business, understanding the current designating status of community business and analyzing the business content and the business promotion system, I tried to analyze the continuing factors of businesses and shops, which are more than hundred years old, in Japan and seek a solution to the sustainability of community business in the province. The community business in the province, which is designated and operated, is like this; 86 preliminary social businesses, 62 town businesses, 38 social businesses. The total comes to 186. The preliminary social businesses and the social businesses are assigned more in urban area and the manufacturing sector and educational field have a lot of business contents. When it comes to the business promotion system, there are many incorporated companies and limited companies. While the town businesses are assigned more in county area, the agricultural food field and cultural world have a lot of business contents. When it comes to the main participant of business, the agricultural corporations took the first place overwhelmingly. Especially, I found out that the main participants of community business consist of 38 voluntary associations, which is 20.4 %, and we need to make up for the specialty deficiency in business management. In order to keep the continuity of community business in the province, we could achieve the results of manpower development through the case analysis research, securing good materials which can give the consumers confidence, increasing the quality of the products, maintaining high technical skills, keeping up the tradition of business and demanding forecasting. I think a successive research efforts will be required for securing good materials and increasing the quality of the products in tandem with the local community. And also we need to establish a supporting & operating system through the liaison between the business & academic world, business & administration, and business & business for securing a management specialty as an industrialist.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.104-111
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• 2014

Due to the structure of advanced installment sales of houses which is a construction industrial structure unique to Korea and the Project Financing (PF) project structure that includes construction companies' debt guarantee agreements, the changes in accounting methods resulting from the introduction of K-IFRSs are expected to act in a direction to deteriorate construction businesses' financial statements. Therefore, K-IFRSs are an important issue that can seriously affect the entire domestic construction industry and construction businesses are conceiving strategies to respond to the introduction of K-IFRSs. From this viewpoint, this study was intended to empirically analyze the effect of the introduction of K-IFRSs on construction businesses utilizing financial data applied with the K-IFRSs recently announced. In the analysis, the EDFs were calculated by business using the existing accounting standards GAAP and using K-IFRSs and the results were compared with each other. The results of the analysis indicated that most construction businesses were adversely affected by the introduction of K-IFRSs. It is also considered that businesses with relatively good financial statements under the existing accounting standards GAAP would be affected more by the introduction of K-IFRSs than other businesses. In addition, the introduction of K-IFRSs is expected to have larger effects on large construction businesses that have been providing debt guarantees for PF projects than on small or medium sized construction businesses.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.61-74
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• 2021

This study investigated the relationship between the social legitimacy and financial performance perceived for venture company. In particular, social legitimacy was classified into prior experiences, organizational competency, market-related, and government-related legitimacy according to the characteristics of venture businesses, and its effect on the financial and non-financial performance of venture businesses was verified. Data were collected by conducting a survey among 300 domestic venture businesses. According to the results it can be understood that social legitimacy affects the financial and non-financial performance of venture businesses. In other words, it was found that the acquisition of resources from external investors and governments which is justified by stakeholder and investors, venture business executives and employees' prior experience such as start-up experience, and retention of outstanding talent, etc., developing trust from the market and consumers through high organizational competency and differentiated product provision, have a positive effect on the financial and non-financial performance of venture companies. It can be interpreted that higher survival is possible through running the venture businesses with social legitimacy. In addition, this study is meaningful in that it presents a new standard for survival through measuring the relationship of the influence on substantial performance of venture businesses by expanding the existing sociological research to business management research.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.109-153
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• 1992

This paper estimates a translog cost function for the Korea's banking industry and derives various implications on the prospect for the Korean banking structure in the future based on the estimated efficiency indicators for the banking sector. The Korean banking industry is permitted to operate trust business to the full extent and the security business to a limited extent, while it is formally subjected to the strict, specialized banking system. Security underwriting and investment businesses are allowed in a very limited extent only for stocks and bonds of maturity longer than three year and only up to 100 percent of the bank paid-in capital. Until the end of 1991, the ceiling was only up to 25 percent of the total balance of the demand deposits. However, they are prohibited from the security brokerage business. While the in-house integration of security businesses with the traditional business of deposit and commercial lending is restrictively regulated as such, Korean banks can enter the security business by establishing subsidiaries in the industry. This paper, therefore, estimates the efficiency indicators as well as the cost functions, identifying the in-house integrated trust business and security investment business as important banking activities, for various cases where both the production and the intermediation function approaches in modelling the financial intermediaries are separately applied, and the banking businesses of deposit, lending and security investment as one group and the trust businesses as another group are separately and integrally analyzed. The estimation results of the efficiency indicators for various cases are summarized in Table 1 and Table 2. First, security businesses exhibit economies of scale but also economies of scope with traditional banking activities, which implies that in-house integration of the banking and security businesses may not be a nonoptimal banking structure. Therefore, this result further implies that the transformation of Korea's banking system from the current, specialized system to the universal banking system will not impede the improvement of the banking industry's efficiency. Second, the lending businesses turn out to be subjected to diseconomies of scale, while exhibiting unclear evidence for economies of scope. In sum, it implies potential efficiency gain of the continued in-house integration of the lending activity. Third, the continued integration of the trust businesses seems to contribute to improving the efficiency of the banking businesses, since the trust businesses exhibit economies of scope. Fourth, deposit services and fee-based activities, such as foreign exchange and credit card businesses, exhibit economies of scale but constant returns to scope, which implies, the possibility of separating those businesses from other banking and trust activities. The recent trend of the credit card business being operated separately from other banking activities by an independent identity in Korea as well as in the global banking market seems to be consistent with this finding. Then, how can the possibility of separating deposit services from the remaining activities be interpreted? If one insists a strict definition of commercial banking that is confined to deposit and commercial lending activities, separating the deposit service will suggest a resolution or a disappearance of banking, itself. Recently, however, there has been a suggestion that separating banks' deposit and lending activities by allowing a depository institution which specialize in deposit taking and investing deposit fund only in the safest securities such as government securities to administer the deposit activity will alleviate the risk of a bank run. This method, in turn, will help improve the safety of the payment system (Robert E. Litan, What should Banks Do? Washington, D.C., The Brookings Institution, 1987). In this context, the possibility of separating the deposit activity will imply that a new type of depository institution will arise naturally without contradicting the efficiency of the banking businesses, as the size of the banking market grows in the future. Moreover, it is also interesting to see additional evidences confirming this statement that deposit taking and security business are cost complementarity but deposit taking and lending businesses are cost substitute (see Table 2 for cost complementarity relationship in Korea's banking industry). Finally, it has been observed that the Korea's banking industry is lacking in the characteristics of natural monopoly. Therefore, it may not be optimal to encourage the merger and acquisition in the banking industry only for the purpose of improving the efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.475-476
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• 2010

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2015

To determine the effect of employment stability by business incubator manager on the service level and management performance by new businesses, the survey of 215 businesses at 50 business incubator centers over the country was conducted. This study is to confirm that employment stability by business incubator manager is one of significant variables to support growth of new businesses. As a result of study, with respect to the effect of employment stability by business incubator manager on the supportive service level and management performance by new businesses, the group with higher employment stability by manager revealed statistically more significant effect than the group with less did, and the group with higher employment stability showed higher manager performance as well. Furthermore, as a result of analyzing the relationship between supportive service level and management performance and performance by manager, as performance by manager is higher, the service satisfaction and management performance by new businesses were higher. This indicates that to support successful new business by the business incubator, the center shall ensure employment stability of a manager to establish the condition of stable support for new businesses, and that through enhancement of professionalism by a manager, the foundation to support growth of new businesses shall be prepared as well.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.261-279
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• 2005

This study tried to examine the possibility of rural tourism policy in Nam-Hae county and to provide a strategy for development of the local economy. It was carried out on a basis that the rural tourism businesses are operated by the local government(Nam-Hae county office). In doing so, this study investigated social, cultural and geographical characteristics and the regional tourism resources of Nam-Hae area. Based on the survey, it classified the types of rural tourism and suggested provisional tourist maps by the type. This study assumed that the local government has a full responsibility for the rural tourism businesses from the initial stage of setting up development plans to the operation of the businesses. Rural tourism theme courses of each small-position area provided tourists with tour courses and time schedules depended on geographical features of the areas. It produced a map that actually makes possible the theme rural tourism. The conclusion of this study is that the quality of living in Nam-Hae county would be improved with the rural tourism businesses which lead to increase in farm household income and to develop local settlement areas.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.927-939
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• 2020

This study aims at investigating the effects of internal control effectiveness on business survival of food businesses in Thailand through the mediators of productivity improvement and value creation. In this study, 155 food businesses in Thailand are the samples of the study. The results show that internal control effectiveness has a significant influence on productivity improvement and business survival. Productivity improvement critically affects value creation and business survival while value creation is an important determinant of business survival. However, internal control effectiveness has no relationship with value creation. Also, productivity improvement explicitly mediates the internal control effectiveness-business survival relationships. In summary, internal control effectiveness can enhance firms' sustainable competitive advantage, superior performance and long-term survival. Firms need to focus on internal control effectiveness through investing their assets and resources and utilizing their abilities, competencies and capabilities in order to continuously develop and improve their appropriate concepts and characteristics in an organization. Better internal control effectiveness definitely leads to more long-term survival. To generalize the research results, future research needs to collect data from other businesses and industries. Increased response rate of the study is important for future research to verify and confirm the research results.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.17
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• pp.45-65
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to contribute to a fundamental prevention of tax avoidance behaviors by individual businesses. For the purpose, this researcher surveyed factors surveyed individual business managers' disposition(type) of tax avoidance to determine factors influencing the avoidance, and proposed direction for further studies. Several hypotheses suggested here were verified to find that factors such as tax system, tax psychology, tax knowledge, social culture and the expectation of tax avoidance had effects on individual businesses' disposition of such avoidance. The multiple regression analysis made here showed that such factors as tax psychology, tax system and the expectation of tax avoidance affected the disposition of such avoidance and that the disposition was most influenced by tax system, followed by the expectation of tax avoidance and tax psychology in order. In conclusion, factors that have positive relations with tax avoidance, or tax burden and tax administration and those that have negative relations, or tax ethics and sanction are not helpful to preventing the avoidance. This is not consistent with previous results. Now behaviors of tax avoidance by individual businesses are prevailing and becoming more serious. In this sense, objective measurement devices should be developed to make possible further scientific studies about such behaviors. For the development, support by appropriate policies is needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1430-1435
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• 2010

Korea has achieved the current economy growth based on the industrial structure which was focused on large companies. However, small businesses can be of great importance in the national economy and also the information for small businesses can promote improvement in productivity and reinforcement of the capability at a time. Currently the national policy for strengthening information capabilities of small businesses is being confronted with various difficulties including a decrease in a national budget. In this paper I will examine the present policy related to the information for small businesses and draw several issues of it. Based on them, finally I will suggest a new policy direction with three categories, which are diversification of the consumer-directed support policy, efficiency of the performance-oriented support policy and long-term dynamic force for growth.