• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.379-392
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• 2005

The size of state in Korea is like Israel, this country's venture capital is ruled by government. This venture capital's character is below: the concentration on research of venturer affect positively at quality of products. This paper lies with venture capital's risk character & performance. The results show that Korean venture capitals have lager unsystematic risk than systematic risk, which implies they specialize in specific business and/or regional areas instead of diversification. The Sharpe & Jensen measures reveal that the performances of Korean venture capitals are very low relative to even the market portfolio(Kospi) and Kosdaq Venture Index. Contrary to this, Venture firm's performance according to Entrepreneurship will cause to push up stock price.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2016

Modern society is living in material affluence after the Industrial Revolution. Meanwhile, consumer needs, in conformity with product diversification, are also being diversified. Modern consumers, unlike those of the past, are trending towards individual consumption that satisfies emotion and values instead of simple goal-oriented consumption. A model case is that of Starbucks. Starbucks has grown into the global coffee franchise it is today through emotional marketing that sells an atmosphere that is unique to Starbucks, consisting of store decorations, store music, employee service, and charming coffee aromas that are identical in every store anywhere in the world. Because this method is marketing that stimulates human emotion, it is assigned to and appeals to human senses and sensitivity. In other words, the charm of emotion marketing is that it draws out consumer emotion, produces positive reactions towards products, and leads to consumption. The utilization of emotions for products or service differentiates brand image and is becoming a key method in reinforcing brand royalty. In particular, more importance is being placed on customer service to strongly impress consumers. Intangible service is becoming the best way to impress customers.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.807-816
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• 2009

This day's research analyzed the difference between brand personality, self - image congruity, job satisfaction and their influences towards employees of family restaurants in order to suggest a plan which would induce researcher's interest as well as influencing diversification of management strategies toward dining-out business. The purpose of this research is to analyse the difference between brand personality, self - image congruity, job satisfaction and their influences towards employees of family restaurants. The survey questionnaires were distributed to 300 employees of family restaurants in Seoul from August 1th until August 30th 2009, and 257 of them were used for analysis. The top seven company's were chosen by base on data from 2009 Annual Dinner of the Korea. Statistics handling of this research used SPSS WIN 17.0 statistics package program, which performed frequency analysis, factor analysis, regrssion anlysis. The research result shows, first of all, the relationship between company's brand personality and personal self - image congruity, it shows that the company's brand personality has higher on 'ability/capability, loyalty/fidelity, and strong' the personal self - image congruity appeared higher. The relationship between company's brand personality and social self-image congruity, it shows that the company's brand personality has higher on 'ability/capability and loyalty/fidelity' the social self-image congruity appeared higher. Second of all, in a relation between the self-image congruity and job satisfaction, the personal self-image congruity has shown positive impact on job satisfaction. Third of all, in a relationship between the company's brand personality and job satisfaction, if 'interest or loyalty/fidelity' shows higher on brand personality, than job satisfaction has shown higher.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.75-93
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• 2017

Recently, global competition in the manufacturing sector is driving firms in the manufacturing sector to conduct product innovation projects to maintain their competitive edge. The key points of product innovation projects are 1) what the purpose of the project is and 2) what expected results in the target market can be achieved by implementing the innovation. Therefore, this study focuses on the performance of innovation projects with a business viewpoint. In this respect, this study proposes the "achievement rate" of product innovation projects as a measurement of project performance. Then, this study finds the best strategies from various innovation activities to optimize the achievement rate of product innovation projects. There are three major innovation activities for the projects, including three types of R&D activities: Internal, joint and external R&D, and five types of non-R&D activities - acquisition of machines, equipment and software, purchasing external knowledge, job education and training, market research and design. This study applies decision tree modeling, a kind of data-mining methodology, to explore effective innovation activities. This study employs the data from the 'Korean Innovation Survey (KIS) 2014: Manufacturing Sector.' The KIS 2014 gathered information about innovation activities in the manufacturing sector over three years (2011-2013). This study gives some practical implication for managing the activities. First, innovation activities that increased the achievement rate of product diversification projects included a combination of market research, new product design, and job training. Second, our results show that a combination of internal R&D, job training and training, and market research increases the project achievement most for the replacement of outdated products. Third, new market creation or extension of market share indicates that launching replacement products and continuously upgrading products are most important.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.273-280
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide implications for fiscal policy by comprehensively examining the relationship between the on-campus retention and university soundness items of four-year private universities in the context of financial contraction of private universities due to suppression of tuition increase. Multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the correlation of variables and the effect of financial soundness items on accounting indicators using SPSS 25. First, private university's on-campus reservations had an effect on accounting index items. Second, financial soundness items had an effect on accounting index items. Third, the financial condition factors influenced the change of accounting index by the location of the university. Fourth, according to the size of students, financial conditions had an effect on the change in accounting indicators. Government investment and support for private universities should be changed to a paradigm of securing finance through establishment of a development plan, rather than financial support through reduction of quota, and survival should be sought through income diversification policy strategies.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.105-119
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the organizational politics, resistance change, turnover intention, and organizational commitment of organizational members during mergers and acquisitions. Recently, many companies are interested in mergers and acquisitions for business diversification and market extension. A merger is a legal consolidation of two entities into one, whereas an acquisition occurs when one entity takes ownership of another entity's stock, equity interests, or assets. This research model establishes a structural equation model. This model is set in a causal relationship between manager's organizational politics, peer organizational politics, and change resistance and the change resistance has a causal relationship of turnover and tissue immersion. In particular, this study will test different of organizational politics by position. Research results, the organizational politics of managers and colleagues have shown increasing change resistance. The change resistance has resulted in a reduction of organizational commitment and an increase of turnover intention. Next, the position analysis showed that top management level, middle management level, and working-level officials showed different organizational politics. The working-level officials are influenced by their manager politics and are influenced in organizational commitment and turnover intention by change resistance. The middle manager level is influenced by the organizational politics of bosses and colleagues, and organizational commitment is weakened by change resistance. The CEO level is not affected by organizational politics in the company, but the turnover intention is strengthened and the organizational commitment is weakened by the change resistance. This study has contributed to further updating the theory of organizational politics based on mergers and acquisitions. As a practical implication, we suggest an organizational integration strategy for a new organization.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.205-224
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• 2020

Purpose - This study aimed to identify the effects of ownership structures on agency costs in internationally diversified firms listed on the KOSDAQ market. Design/methodology/approach - A total of 5,824 samples were finally selected and empirically analyzed for a total of nine years from 2011 to 2019, during which the International Accounting Standards had been mandatory for firms listed on the KOSDAQ market. Findings - The results of this study showed that the effects of ownership structures on the ratio of asset turnover are positive for the major share and foreign equity ratios of international diversified firms. Moreover, by selecting the ratio of entertainment expenses as a proxy for agency expenses, this study confirmed that the effects of the ownership structure of an international diversified entity on entertainment expenditure were determined to show a significantly negative relation to entertainment expenditure, thus indicating that the higher the ratio of major shareholders, the more appropriately control the expenditure of entertainment expenses through arbitrary private deviations of the management.Furthermore, considering the effect of the ownership structure on the expenditure of sales and administrative expenses as a proxy variable for agency costs, this study verified that the majority share ratio of international diversified firms was negative to the expenditure of sales and administrative expenses, confirming that the higher the share of major shareholders, the lower the selling and administrative costs, but insignificant.Finally, as a result of determining whether the ownership structure of an international diversified firm affects the holding of free cash, the majority share of this firm shows a significantly negative relation to the ratio of the holding of surplus cash, indicating that the higher the proportion of major shareholders, the more appropriately control the holding of the entity's free cash through arbitrary private deviance by the manager. Research implications or Originality - Major shareholders of an internationally diversified firm listed on the KOSDAQ market play a positive role in the firm's performance by properly controlling agency costs that may be incurred by the management.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.233-242
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• 2020

We posit that employee ownership through defined contribution (DC) plans results in managerial entrenchment, and then examine the effect of the enactment of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 on the relation between the employee ownership and firm performance. By conducting Ordinary Least Square regression with the data from Form 5500 over the period of 1999-2014, we find that firms with large employee ownership increase their firm value measured by Tobin's Q after the adoption of the Act. These findings suggest that the adoption of the Act has been effective to mitigate the negative effect of managerial entrenchment by decreasing the employee ownership and reinforcing the fiduciary duty of plan trustees. Given the fact that we test the effects of the diversification rule on employee ownership using firm performance, further research could aim to examine the effects of the rule on employee ownership using stock return or market reaction.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.557-566
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate Jinju silk companies, production items, and silk industry supporting projects from 2019 to 2021 in order to discuss the current status of the silk industry. The following are this study's methods: First, a list of Jinju silk companies that have been operating for the past three years (2019-2021) was prepared to investigate the current status of the Jinju silk industry. Second, an investigation was conducted into the representative products produced in Jinju over the past three years; this investigation was conducted using direct interview. Third, an investigation was conducted on the projects that supported the Jinju silk industry over the past three years, and the list of members of the Gyeongnam Textile and Jinju Silk Industry Cooperative Association-a facility of Gyeongsangnam-do Province, the Jinju City Hall brochure (2019), and the SMINFO(SMall business status INFOrmation System) were utilized for this purpose. The following are the results: First, Jinju silk companies are classified into four categories, namely weaving, dyeing, twisting, and designing companies. According to data from 2021, 83% (34 of 41) of silk companies were weavers. Second, the demand for solid fabrics has increased over the past three years. The demand for patterned jacquard fabrics in producing Hanbok and Western-style clothing has decreased. Third, support for the Jinju silk industry could be classified into five categories: support for the operation of silk research institutions, support for the diversification of Jinju silk, support for the promotion of Jinju silk, support for the operation of silk manufacturers, and others.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.254-261
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• 2023

Purpose: With the diversification of modern society, it is difficult to predict crime types, and the limitations of the state's functions, such as human limitations and lack of budget, are increasing. Method: However, as the number of private investigation companies that do not use illegal means to solve the request increased, attempts were made to introduce a public detective system that would manage and supervise it and compensate for the gap in public power. Result: However, due to the nature of the Private Investigator system, legislation has not progressed as the National Police Agency and the Ministry of Justice are at odds with existing laws that guarantee existing jobs such as lawyers and credit research. Conclusion: Therefore, this study analyzes the bills related to the authorized detective to the National Assembly, examines major issues such as the scope of work of the authorized detective business, the selection of management and supervisory authorities, and suggests ways to improve the successful settlement of the Private Investigator system.