• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.21-44
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• 2022

Purpose - This study quantifies sources of trade balance dynamics over the business cycle in Korea. Specifically, we quantify the relative importance of domestic and foreign factors on trade balance dynamics using a small open economy real business cycle (SOE-RBC) model and provide policy implications for stabilization policies. Aggregate productivity and interest rate spreads are considered domestic factors affecting the trade balance. A world interest rate (the U.S. interest rate) is considered a foreign factor. Design/methodology - Following Neumeyer and Perri (2005), we build the SOE-RBC model with three types of shocks: aggregate productivity, interest rate spread, and world interest shocks. The model is estimated by the generalized method of moments (GMM) using relevant business cycle statistics. The estimated model is used for quantifying the relative importance of domestic and foreign factors on trade balance dynamics in Korea. Findings - Our main findings can be summarized as follows: 85.64% of the trade balance fluctuations in Korea are explained by domestic factors, the remaining 14.35% by foreign factors. Particularly, trade balance dynamics are mostly accounted for by the change in aggregate productivity shocks (85.58%). World interest rate shocks considerably explain trade balance (14.35%), whereas the role of interest rate spread shocks that represent domestic risks is limited (0.08%). Although aggregate productivity is key in explaining trade balance dynamics in Korea, interest rates still have an essential role. This is because aggregate productivity changes induce interest rate spread variations and, thus, the trade balance significantly. The results suggest that government policies mitigating fluctuations in aggregate productivity would be effective for stabilization policies in Korea by reducing the trade balance volatility. Originality/value - Existing studies on the emerging market business cycle examine mostly Latin American countries, and the main object of the studies is the volatility of consumption rather than trade balance dynamics. Conversely, our study examines Korea rather than Latin American countries. Additionally, we examine sources of trade balance dynamics, which are relatively more important in Korea, rather than those of the volatility of consumption. Hence, we estimate the model to explicitly match moments related to trade balance in the data.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.931-941
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• 2021

The study focuses on the relationship between SB, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and the emerging economy. Thereafter it highlights the types, principles, and funding cycle of SB with the evidence from Grameen Bank, which is a globally well-recognized microfinance venture in Bangladesh established by the Nobel Laureate Dr. Muhammad Yunus. This study employs qualitative analysis to illustrate an architectural overview of the SB model by collecting secondary data from various publications related to the topic and published data of Grameen Bank. Finally, this paper illustrates the SB model along with specified characteristics, systematic framework, and main approaches for sustainable context, which could be applied as a conceptual framework for SB in any context of the emerging economy. The findings of this study suggest that the SB model is the workflow having a hierarchy of five phases namely need identification, goal setting, solution-based business plan, business plan assessment, and business plan execution. Analyzing a range of social business interventions in a developing country, Bangladesh, through the lens of five key aspects demonstrates that social business is the most efficient way to sustainably maximize the social benefits and minimize specific social issues poverty of the people affected.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.26-47
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• 2014

The paper examined effect of age cohort on life cycle financial planning. A total of 990 questionnaires were distributed with a 55.2% return rate. Seven hypotheses were analysed using hierarchical and ordinary regression analysis. The results revealed that age cohort variables made significant contribution to life cycle financial planning as well as personal orientation towards retirement planning, particularly the younger age cohort. Age cohorts do affect personal orientation towards retirement planning with the confidence level making a significant impact. Current financial resources do have a strong positive impact on consumption for all age cohorts. On the other hand, no significant effect was found between age cohorts and current financial resources but older age cohorts were relatively more significant predictors. The implication was that not only should their individual perceptions of financial planning become an increasingly important part of people's long-term commitment throughout their life-cycle, it must also assume the role as a self-directed life-long learning process, in view of the ever-changing and complicated financial environment.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제17권1호통권73호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 IT 관련 Cycle을 체계적으로 분석하는 데 있다. 연구 범위 및 분석내용은 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 1990년 1사분기에서 2000년 4사분기까지 효율적인 Band Pass 필터링에 의하여 IT Cycle을 정의하였고, Business Cycle과의 상관관계 그리고 몇 가지 IT Cycle 특징을 Co-Spectra 분석을 통하여 동태적 관점에서 분석하였다. 둘째, 우리나라 수출 안정화 측면에서 주요 5개 산업 수출 Cycle과 IT 수출 Cycle을 중심으로 서로 간의 동태적 상관관계를 분석함으로써 산업 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.497-504
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• 2021

This extended study aims to analyze empirically the influence of firm diversification on firm performance moderated by the stages of the firm life cycle, which consists of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. The target population of this study is the firms listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The sampling method uses purposive sampling in the multi-business firm in Indonesia; it includes as many as 127 firms over the period from 2011 to 2017, totaling 889 firm-year observations. The firm performance is measured using a return of equity while the level of firm diversification with the minimum number of two operating segments is proxied by the Herfindahl index. The analysis method used in this study is the estimator model of the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). The main findings show that the firm life cycle at the stage of growth and maturity significantly strengthens the influence of firm diversification on firm performance. On the other hand, the stage of decline fails to moderate the relationship between firm diversification and firm performance. This study discusses the implications and contributions of the findings theoretically, and provide some policy justifications for potential investors before they invest their money in the capital market.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.61-76
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• 2022

Based on the concept of advertising expenditure, manufacturing firm performance, and enterprise life cycle, this research conducts the listed Chinese manufacturing listed in 2016-2018 as the research sampling and divides these listed companies into three periods: growth, maturity, and decline. Next, this paper conducts empirical research from three aspects: advertising expenditure or investment and manufacturing firm performance, lag effect of advertising expenditure, and outcome effect and lag effect of advertising investment. It is found that in different stages of manufacturing enterprises, different advertising expenditures will have different impacts on the performance of manufacturing enterprises. In the growth stage, the advertising investment of manufacturing enterprises will significantly affect the performance results of the current period, and there will be the long-term lag effect. In contrast, the mature stage of enterprises' advertising investment has a shorter period of lag effect, while in the recession stage, the mature stage of manufacturing enterprises' advertising investment will have a shorter period of lag effect. The empirical results are not significant. This study provides a reference for manufacturing enterprises in different stages in the decision-making of advertising investment.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.53-80
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• 2017

기존의 많은 연구에서 거래은행 수에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 파악하려는 시도들이 있어 왔다. 일반적으로 기업규모나 업력, 레버리지도, 신용도, 수익성, 연성예산제약, 혁신과 관련된 기밀유지 효과 등이 거래은행 수에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 기업의 특성들로 파악되고 있다. 이와 더불어 최근 거시 경제변수도 거래은행 수에 중요한 영향을 미칠 수 있음이 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 기업의 대출거래은행 수에 대한 결정요인을 종합적으로 파악하는데 있다. 즉 앞서 언급한 개별 기업들의 특성들의 영향과 더불어 경기변동의 영향도 살펴보았다. 개별기업 특성변수들 각각의 영향에 대해서 기존의 해외논문의 결과와 대비하여 보고하였고, 이러한 결과가 우리나라 간접금융시장에서의 기업들의 자금조달 행태와 어떻게 연결되는지에 대해 살펴보았다. 경기변동의 영향에 대한 분석에서는 경기변동이 기업의 거래은행 수 결정에 있어서 중요한 요인으로 작용함을 발견하였다. 기업들은 거래은행 수 선택에 있어서 경기역행적인 행태를 보였는데, 경기확장기에는 적은 수의 은행과 거래관계를 유지하는 반면 경기수축기에는 보다 많은 수의 은행과 거래관계를 유지하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 현상은 기업규모에 따라 다르게 나타났는데, 중소기업의 경우에만 거래은행 수가 경기역행적인 행태를 보였고, 대기업의 경우에는 거래은행 수가 경기와 상관없이 안정적이었다. 또한 대안적인 자금조달 수단에 접근이 상대적으로 어려운 비상장기업, 비재벌기업, 신용도가 낮은 기업에서도 경기역행적인 현상이 동일하게 나타났다. 시장의 경쟁도 측면에서는 경쟁적인 시장에서만 경기역행적인 특징을 보였고, 비경쟁적인 시장에서는 이러한 현상이 관찰되지 않았다.

• 경영과학
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2010

There are several stage in corporate's life cycle such as foundation, growth, maturity or bankruptcy. A bankruptcy is very important for corporate in the life cycle. Especially, venture business' life cycle is short compare to other type of corporate. A lot of venture businesses have emerged and bankrupted soon in the market. Venture businesses' survival or bankruptcy have been influenced by not only external environment like the rate of exchange, oil price, and foreign exchange crisis but also internal environment such as efficiency, process, human resources, finance and CEO. In this paper, we attempt to examine financial factors and efficiency that influence on the venture businesses' survival and bankruptcy. The more venture businesses have high efficiency score, the more they have high probability of survival.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.49-66
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• 2014

This paper studies optimal consumption and investment behaviors of an individual when risky asset returns and her income are affected by the business cycle. The investor considers the incomplete information risk of unobservable macroeconomic conditions and updates her belief of expected risky asset returns through Bayesian learning. We find that the optimal investment strategy, certainty equivalent wealth, and portfolio hedging demand significantly depend on the belief about the macroeconomic conditions.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.1063-1070
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• 2017

This paper presents a method for forecasting future uranium prices that is used as input data to calculate the uranium cost, which is a rational key cost driver of the nuclear fuel cycle cost. In other words, the statistical autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and existing engineering cost estimation method, the so-called escalation rate model, were subjected to a comparative analysis. When the uranium price was forecasted in 2015, the margin of error of the ARIMA model forecasting was calculated and found to be 5.4%, whereas the escalation rate model was found to have a margin of error of 7.32%. Thus, it was verified that the ARIMA model is more suitable than the escalation rate model at decreasing uncertainty in nuclear fuel cycle cost calculation.