• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.5-15
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• 2017

The Northern States of Malaysia comprises of four states (Penang, Kedah, Perlis and Perak) still record high poverty incidence eventhough Malaysia has experienced a remarkable reduction of poverty over the past century. Economic activities in Perlis and Kedah that are predominantly agriculture in the rural area contribute to this disparity. To add, rural households are also subject to risks and uncertainties that make them more vulnerable to poverty. This study examines the impact of risks and assets on households' vulnerability to poverty. A survey of 400 respondents was conducted in December 2015 in the northern region of Malaysia. From these 400 questionnaires, only 298 were considered valid and used in the analysis. Using a logistic probability function, the results indicated that risks are not a significant threat to households. Gender and strata are crucial elements that significantly determine households' vulnerability. While human capital and financial capital significantly reduce households' vulnerability to poverty, physical and natural capitals were not statistically significant. The study suggests that the government and practitioners design strategies and policies with an assets-based approach. The asset-based approach is more appropriate for linking the causes of poverty to vulnerability.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.95-113
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• 2007

To minimize IT operational risks and the opportunity cost for lost business hours. it is necessary to have preparedness in advance and mitigation activities for minimization of a loss due to the business discontinuity. There are few cases that banks have a policy on systematic management, system recovery and protection activities against system failure. and most developers and system administrators response based on their experience and the instinct. This article focuses on the mitigation model development for minimizing the incidents of disk unit in IT operational risks. The model will be represented by a network model which is composed of the three items as following: (1) the risk factors(causes, attributes and indicators) of IT operational risk. (2) a periodic time interval through an analysis of historical data. (3) an index or an operational regulations related to the examination of causes of an operational risk. This article will be helpful when enterprise needs to hierarchically analyze risk factors from various fields of IT(information security, information telecommunication, web application servers and so on) and develop a mitigation model. and it will also contribute to the reduction of operational risks on information systems.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.19-27
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• 2021

Purpose: Purchasing food via online shopping channels is booming during Covid-19 Pandemic in Vietnam. However, the perceived risks of food bought via online shopping channels may discourage consumers. Hence, this study assesses the effects of perceived risks on food purchase intention via online shopping channels in Vietnam. Research design, data and methodology: This study applied the multiple regression analysis with 253 samples collected from consumers who frequently purchase food via online shopping channels in Vietnam. The questionnaire is provided to respondents via Google Form. The sample collection method is convenience sampling. Three hundred samples were collected, but 253 samples are used after filtering the responses with missing data. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and regression analysis are used for data analysis on SPSS software version 20. Results: The results show that product risk, security risk, time risk, and fraud risk of the seller negatively affect the intention to buy food via online shopping channels in Vietnam. Conclusions: The study provides several implications and recommendations for food companies and online food sellers. Reducing customers' perceived risks online food makes customers more willing to buy food online during Covid-19 Pandemic. Limitations and suggestions for further research are also discussed.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.140-149
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• 2007

Indian construction companies have only 0.05% market share in the 3-4 trillion dollar global construction business and only two Indian construction companies figure in the ENR "Top 225 Global Contractors 2006" list. Hence, while enormous scope for growth exists, international construction experience is limited. This study explores the risks as perceived by Indian companies venturing abroad since risks in international construction differ from home market risks. Literature survey identified a number of risk factors that were evaluated by the experts, highlighting fourteen important risk factors. Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) was used to develop a hierarchical model showing the relationships between the different risk factors, thus helping to focus on the key risks for effective risk management. The study shows that poor project management is a key risk forming the hub of the system, while political instability has maximum influence. The results of the study can be used by managers to visualise the risks in perspective and prioritise the mitigation effort.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 2019

The after China's reform and opening up, the country has been facing the era of material abundance based on its economic power. The Chinese food industry has been growing along with economic growth, high quality, and diversified customer needs. Also, as Chinese people have strong attachment to food, many food franchise companies have been also growing rapidly. As the Chinese government encourages and supports the field of food franchises, so that the quality and quantity of the Chinese restaurant industry have been improved largely. Meanwhile with the support of the Korean government to enter the overseas market, the number of Korean franchise companies are increasing to operate their business in China. Under the influence of Chinese food industrial climate, Korean companies are also in search of global market advancement to China. However, the risks in China are unexpectable, which means that the recent move of China is literally showing rugby action, criticism of operating businesses in China has been climbed up and the domestic SMEs are seriously considering whether to stay or leave. This study investigates the environmental risks of Chinese enterprises, in which the food franchise companies could experience, to manage any risks from entering the Chinese market with uncertainty. Through SWOT analysis and cases, strategies to avoid the risks are suggested for Korean companies to enter the Chinese markets. Therefore, this study researches in the current status of Chinese and Korean restaurants, explores any risks in China in terms of exports to China and market advance, develops strategies to avoid those risks, and provides essential suggestions for entering into Chinese market.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2022

The implications of bank-specific risks and macroeconomic risks on the growth, profitability, and stability of Islamic and conventional banks are examined and compared in this article. The study also investigates whether corporate governance mitigates the effects of both bank-specific and macroeconomic risks on Islamic and conventional banks' development, profitability, and stability. For the period 2007-2019, we examined a panel data set of 22 banks in Pakistan, including both Islamic and conventional banks. We discovered considerable evidence that both bank-specific risks and macroeconomic risks have negative effects on the growth, profitability, and stability of Pakistani banks using a dynamic panel data estimator, the two-step Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach. Furthermore, the findings show that bank-specific and macroeconomic risks have different consequences in both types of banking. The impacts of liquidity risk, operational risk, capital risk, inflation risk, and exchange rate risk are higher for Islamic banks than for conventional banks. Conventional banks, on the other hand, are more vulnerable to credit risk and interest rate risk. Finally, the findings show that good corporate governance reduces the negative consequences of both categories of risks on bank development, profitability, and stability. This is true for Islamic and conventional banks alike.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.411-420
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• 2023

Purpose: In order to compensate for the limitations of the risk assessment of hydrogen charging stations, it is proposed to apply business disaster reduction activities as a way to strengthen safety and business continuity for accidents that may occur during operation. Method: We explored the application of business disaster reduction activities that can reduce, eliminate, transfer, and accept risks by classifying risks according to the passage of time in the installation and operation of hydrogen charging stations, identifying key tasks, deriving risk scenarios. Result: Existing research results are appropriately applied to the risk assessment conducted in the stage before the installation of hydrogen charging stations. However, there is a limit to the risks that can occur at the operational stage, so applying business disaster reduction activities with several example scenarios has resulted in that it can be applied as a way to strengthen safety and business continuity. Conclusion: All of the currently implemented risk assessments for hydrogen charging stations are being used appropriately. However, it proposes business disaster reduction activities that apply various risk scenarios as an evaluation and response to possible risks at the operational stage.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.45-58
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• 1998

Enterprise resource planning(ERP) in nature entails large scale business process redesigns and the corresponding risks. To reduce such risks, enterprise modeling(EM) approach could be adopted through which ERP is planned and effectively implemented on a consistent basis throughout the entire organization. The scope of this paper is to report on EM experiences and lessons learned in the process of ERP implementation. Through a case study, this paper presents and EM methodology which takes due account of strategic business processes, information flows, organizational requirements, and their interdependencies. To assess the impact of distributed application scenarios on effective ERP implementation, alternative EMs have been created and evaluated whether they support information requirements for strategic decisions and day-to-day operational activities, core business processes, and business functions as required. Practical issues and problems raised in the EM process have been discussed.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.14D no.6
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• pp.689-700
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• 2007

Organizations and customers lose if business activities we discontinued by an incident of information systems under the current business environment because they pursue real time enterprise and on demand enterprise. The loss includes the intangible decline in brand image, customer separation, and the tangible loss such as decrease in business profits. Thus. it is necessary to have preparedness in advance and mitigation for minimization of a loss due to the business discontinuity and information system's operational risks. This paper suggests the mitigation model for minimizing the incidents of disk unit in information system's operational risks. The model will be represented by a network model which is composed of the three items as following: (1) causes, attributes, indicators of an operational risk, (2) a periodic time through an analysis of historical data, (3) an index or a regulation related to the examination of causes of an operational risk.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.19-34
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• 2017

In this study, we develop an optimal sourcing strategy considering compensation orders to mitigate the supply chain disruption risks. We considered two-echelon supply chain consisting of a single buyer and multiple suppliers who have fixed transaction cost and probabilistic disruption risks. Under this setting, we provide the joint optimization method to determine the number of suppliers and the order quantities. Through numerical examples, we provide managerial implications on the sourcing strategy by investigating changes in the order quantities and the number of suppliers due to the degree of supply chain disruption risks.