• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.107-114
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• 1990

During a ten-year period from August, 1978 to September, 1989 45 patients with benign esophageal stricture were surgically evaluated. The results are as follows; l. Out of 45 patients, there were 26 males and 19 females ranging from 2 to 70 years of age with a mean of 31.9 years. 2. The most common cause of benign esophageal stricture was corrosive burn due to caustic agents[40 cases, 88.9 %]. Corrosive agents were 15 cases of lye, 22 cases of acid and 3 cases of other agents. Other causes were two cases of esophageal web and each one case of previous surgical result, inflammation and idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis respectively. 3. The most frequent stricture site was whole esophagus as 21 cases[46.7 %] and the next was lower a third thoracic esophagus[10 cases, 25.0%]. 4. In 33 of total 45 cases, colon interposition with right colon was performed without resection of the strictured esophagus except one case which was complicated esophageal cancer. Other procedures were 4 cases esophagogastrostomy with segmental resection, 2 cases of plastic repair and so on. 5. Major postoperative complications which were needed for secondary operation were 5 cases[11.1 %]. [2 cases of stenosis, ileus and ulcer bleeding respectively] Overall mortality rate was 4.4 %.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.1698_1699
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• 2009

핵폭발 등에서 방출되는 과도펄스(Transient pulse) 형태의 방사선이 반도체 소자에 조사되면 소자 내부에서는 짧은 시간에 다량의 전하가 생성된다. 이 전하들이 일정방향으로 증폭된 광전류가 소자의 고장과 오동작을 유발하거나 극단적으로 소진(Burn out)되는 원인이 된다. 본 연구에서는 과도방사선 펄스가 입사하였을 때 pMOSFET 소자 내에 생성되는 전자 정공 쌍(EHP)으로 인해 형성되는 광전류가 소자의 방사선 피해로 나타나는 과정 및 영향을 연구하기 위해 반도체 공정 시뮬레이터를 이용해 전하들의 거동과 광전류 크기를 시뮬레이션하고, 전자가속기에서 실측시험을 병행하였다. 가속기 주변의 전자장을 인한 큰 잡음으로부터 가속기 펄스신호에 의해 pMOSFET에서 발생된 소신호의 광전류를 측정하기 위해서 정밀 신호처리 회로를 구성하였다. 시뮬레이션과 실측시험에서의 결과 비교/분석에서 두 광전류 파형은 유사한 형태를 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.18 no.3 s.30
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• pp.116-125
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• 2005

1) Objective ${\lceil}Wai-Tai-Mi-Yao{\rfloor}$ had been made by Wang-Dao(王燾) in Tang Dynasty(唐朝). It included fumigation therapy and aroma therapy. Therefore we would like to bring out use sphere and detailed method of Fumigation therapy and Aroma therapy in Tang Dynasty and before period. 2) Conclusions (1) Fumigation therapies of ${\lceil}Wai-Tai-Mi-Yao{\rfloor}$ have contained boil and burn. The effects of fumigation therapy are made by cooperation effect of medicine and heat. (2) Aroma therapies of ${\lceil}Wai-Tai-Mi-Yao{\rfloor}$ have been used to cure infectious, internal, psychologic, dental, pediatric, dermatologic and surgical diseases. Especially these therapies have a good effect on cough. (4) Aroma therapies of ${\lceil}Wai-Tai-Mi-Yao{\rfloor}$ have been used to cure infectious, internal, psychologic, dental, ophthalmic, otolaryngologic, obstetrics, gynecologic, dermatologic and surgical diseases. Expecially this therapy has an good effect on nightmare.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.429-431
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• 2011

The characteristics of hydro-reactive metal fuel(HRF) propellant on motor performances such as specific impulse and chamber temperature were analyzed by thermodynamic calculation methods. The thermal analysis and burning rate experiments of HRF propellants were also carried out for studying effects of metal fuels on combustion properties.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07b
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• pp.1091-1093
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• 2001

The power semiconductor is widely used in the power plant or industrial field because of genealization and enlargement. It has been controlled and operated according to its own control method. Especially in case of Power plant, it plays a major role in AVR(Automatic Voltage Regulator) or electro chlorination control circuits. Generally, they used in Analog control system at above field. But each SCR current value is different because of load unbalance or switching characteristic variations, it may cause power plant unit trip or system disorder according to SCR element burn out or bad operating condition. Therefore, in this paper a development of 3 phase current balance control algorithm is described. it gets over the past analog control system limit, controls SCR gate firing angle for 3 phase current balance.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.54.1-54.1
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• 2011

Porous hydroxyapatite has been widely used as clinical implanted material. However, it has poor mechanical properties. To increase the strength as well as the biocompatibility of the porous HAp based artificial bone, it was fabricated by multi-extrusion process. Hydroxyapatite and graphite powders were mixed separately with ethylene vinely acetate and steric acid by shear mixing process. Hydroxyapatite composites containing porous microstructure were fabricated by arranging it in the die and subject it to extrusion process. Burn-out and sintering processes were performed to remove the binder and graphite as well as increase the density. The external and internal diameter of cylindrical hollow core were approximately 10.4 mm and 4.2 mm, respectively. The size of pore channel designed to increase bone growth (osteconduction) was around 150 ${\mu}m$ in diameter. X-ray diffraction analysis and SEM observation were performed to identity the crystal structure and the detailed microstructure, respectively.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.3
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• pp.175-179
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• 2015

The intensive care unit (ICU) is the most common place to die. Also, ethical conflicts among stakeholders occur frequently in the ICU. Thus, ICU clinicians should be competent in all aspects for ethical decision-making. Major sources of conflicts are behavioral issues, such as verbal abuse or poor communication between physicians and nurses, and end-of-life care issues including a lack of respect for the patient's autonomy. The ethical conflicts are significantly associated with the job strain and burn-out syndrome of healthcare workers, and consequently, may threaten the quality of care. To improve the quality of care, handling ethical conflicts properly is emerging as a vital and more comprehensive area. The ICU physicians themselves need to be more sensitive to behavioral conflicts and enable shared decision making in end-of-life care. At the same time, the institutions and administrators should develop their processes to find and resolve common ethical problems in their ICUs.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.215-223
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• 2018

Recently, as interest of wearable devices has increased, commercially available smart wristbands and applications have been used as a tool for personal healthy management. However most previous studies have focused on evaluating the accuracy and reliability of the technical problems of wearable devices, especially step counts, walking distance, and energy consumption measured from the smart wristbands. In this study, we propose a physical activity evaluation model using classification rules, induced from the associative classification mining approach. These rules associated with five physical activities were generated by considering activities and walking times in target heart rate zones such as 'Out-of Zone', 'Fat Burn Zone', 'Cardio Zone', and 'Peak Zone'. In the experiment, we evaluated the prediction power of classification rules and verified its effectiveness by comparing classification accuracies between the proposed model and support vector machine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 2013

An analytic approach to determine the optimal conditions for maximizing altitude of a sounding rocket is suggested. The behavior of the one-dimensional momentum equation including thrust, gravitational force and aerodynamic drag force is investigated. For the case where an analytic solution exists, a characteristic equation for determining optimal condition for maximizing altitude at the burn-out state and that for maximizing altitude at the stationary state are developed and verified with numerical experiments.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.70-76
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• 2005

The interior materials of the urban subway car in operation are now being changed to new materials that meet the latest law in effect, the fire safety criteria of the urban railway vehicle. It was well known fact that the composite materials, that were applied to last subway car, were weak on the fire. Contrary to this materials, materials in work have good resistance to the fire. On the paper, To investigate the difference of fire safety level on the subway car, cone calorimeter was used to measure the heat release rate and total heat released according to the ISO 5660. A high radiative heat flux of 50kW/m2 was used to burn out all materials and to simulate the condition of fully developed fire case in the tests.