• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2020

Building energy consumption generally depends on living patterns of residents and outdoor air temperature changes. Although outdoor air temperature changes effect on building energy consumption, there is no calibration method for the comparison before and after Green Remodeling or BEMS installation etc., Big data of building energy consumption are collected and managed by 『National Integrated Management System of Building Energy』 in Korea, and they are utilized for the development of a calibration method for individual buildings as shown as the calibration method for small-area building stocks in the previous research. This study aims to develope a calibration method using big data of building energy consumption of individual buildings and outdoor air temperature changes, and to propose application of appropriate calibration methods for individual buildings or small-area building stocks according to the calibration purpose and conditions.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2014

This paper examines the climatic and technical feasibilities of zero energy buildings in Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore and Riyadh. Annual and seasonal energy demands of office buildings of various scales in the above cities were compared. Using optimally tilted rooftop PV panels, solar energy production potentials of the buildings were estimated. Based on the estimates of onsite renewable energy production and building energy consumption, the energy self-sufficiencies of the test buildings were assessed. The economic feasibilities of the PV systems in the four locations were analyzed. Strategies for achieving zero energy buildings are suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Geothermal heat pumps are known as the most efficient and environment-friendly heating and cooling system, and are also gaining acceptance in buildings. Building energy simulation program, EnergyPlus is used to calculate the energy consumption of residential buildings. This simulated energy consumption is essential for accurate economic analysis. Residential buildings with geothermal heat pumps have complex energy price structure. Electricity rates for residential buildings increase rapidly as the monthly use increases. This complex energy price structure makes the economic analysis complicated. The purpose of this study is to conduct economic comparison of residential geothermal heat pumps and provide a feasible approach in finding their economically feasible capacity.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 2013

The commercial buildings are consuming about 30% of total energy used in Korea. And a large amount of energy consumption in commercial buildings is consumed by HVAC(Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning) system. Therefore, if we can reduce the energy consumption in HVAC or air-conditioning system in commercial buildings, the overall energy consumption in Korea can be reduced. Currently, an electricity charge called Time of Use (TOU) is applied to typical commercial buildings. This paper proposes the novel energy management method where the temperature setting of air-conditioning system are adjusted to minimize the use of electrical energy while indoor comfort level is retained. The simulation test for a typical commercial building shows that the proposed method gives over 10% savings in electricity bills and electricity consumption compared to the conventional air-conditioning method.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.4
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• pp.15-23
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• 1984

In recent years, the energy consumption in building sector has been increased greatly because of the rapid pace of urbanization and of the growing economy. In this paper, the current status and problems of energy consumption in buildings are presented. And several modification options which reduce the energy consumption are suggested. Finally five considerations for energy saving policy are presented in brief.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2012

Faced with the international issue of environmental problems from global warming and energy consumption, the Korean Government has made many efforts on reducing energy and $CO_2$ emission under the motto of "Low-Carbon Green Growth". In order to reduce energy in the building sector, severe design standards and regulations on saving energy in new buildings have been established. Now, it is necessary to focus on deteriorated buildings where applications of energy saving designs and techniques have been insufficient, for maximizing energy saving in the building sector. Specially, it is very important to reduce energy through the remodeling process at deteriorated school buildings which were built over 20 years ago and sharply changed into the excessive energy consumption structure from new educational curricula. Thus, this paper examined the effects of potential factors to reduce energy at deteriorated elementary school buildings using the energy simulation on the Visual DOE 4.0 program. Among applied factors of insulations, southern louver, window's SHGC, indoor setup temperature, and system efficiency, all factors except window's SHGC turned out contribute to reduce energy at the deteriorated elementary school buildings, compared with the baseline energy performance.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.11-16
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• 2016

Purpose: International efforts to save Earth's environment against global warming and environmental pollution have been made in many countries. Energy consumption of buildings has been continuously increasing, and it has been over 40% of total energy consumption in the world. Energy consumption of buildings in Korea reaches 24% of total energy consumption. So, Korea government has executed building energy rating systems to control energy consumption of buildings. Method: This study was carried out to evaluate the energy performance of apartment unit plans according to converting balconies into living areas. For the study, six types of input models were made. Two input models(SP1 and SP 2) were the standard units that balcony areas were not converted into living areas, and four ones(EP 1, EP 2, EP 3 and EP 4) were the extended unit plans that balcony areas were turned into living areas. All of them were simulated with ECO2 software to assess building energy efficiency. Result: According to the results, the energy performance of the EP 2 and EP 4 models were 21. 8% higher than SP 1 model and 9.2% higher than SP 2 model.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.223-230
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• 1998

Energy consumption statistics have been surveyed for 50 large commercial buildings with high energy consumption records in Seoul City. The buildings were classified into three different groups for data analysis: hospitals, hotels, and department stores/office buildings. The analysis was focused on identifying installed boiler and refrigerator data, energy consumption rates, and energy load distribution throughout the year. Refrigerating electricity was confirmed again to affect most on the formation of the summer electricity load peak as expected. Replacing the refrigerator electricity peak in the summer with co-generation in large commercial buildings. However, overall heat load distribution in a single building is still considered not large enough for economically feasible co-generation and thus joint co-generation for multiple neighboring buildings are preferred and the Electric Power Law and LNG pricing policy should be revised favorably for co-generation in advance.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2019

Assessing the energy performance of supertall buildings often does not consider variations in energy consumption due to the change of environmental conditions such as temperature, pressure, and wind speed associated with differing elevations. Some modelers account for these changing conditions by using a conventional temperature lapse rate, but not many studies confirm to the appropriateness of applying it to tall buildings. This paper presents and discusses simulated annual energy consumption results from a 600 m tall skyscraper floor plate located in Dubai, UAE, assessed using ground level weather data, a conventional temperature lapse rate of $6.5^{\circ}C/km$, and more accurate simulated 600 m weather data. A typical office floorplate, with ASHRAE 90.1-2010 standards and systems applied, was evaluated using the EnergyPlus engine through the OpenStudio graphical user interface. The results presented in this paper indicate that by using ground level weather data, energy consumption at the top of the building can be overestimated by upwards of 4%. Furthermore, by only using a lapse rate, heating energy is overestimated by up to 96% due to local weather phenomenon such as temperature inversion, which can only be conveyed using simulated weather data. In addition, sizing and energy consumption of fans, which are dependent both on wind and atmospheric pressure, are not accurately captured using a temperature lapse rate. These results show that that it is important, with the ever increasing construction of supertall buildings, to be able to account for variations in climatic conditions along the height of the building. Adequately modeling these conditions using simulated weather data will help designers and engineers correctly size mechanical systems, potentially decreasing overall building energy consumption, and ensuring that these systems are able to provide the necessary indoor conditions to maintain occupant comfort levels.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2015

Increase in energy consumption in building is a big concern world over. In Nepal, energy crisis is a big issue but energy demand in buildings is barely even thought about. In the southern part of Nepal, where the weather is mostly hot during the year, cooling in buildings is very important. This is an initial study regarding building design strategies which focuses on cooling energy consumption in the building. It can be seen from the study that simple passive strategies can be applied in building design which can support in decreasing cooling load. Different passive cooling strategies like orientation, building size, thermal mass, window design and two direct cooling strategies have been investigated in this study. Direct cooling strategies like shading and natural cooling helps in passive cooling. Different desing strategies have different impact on the cooling energy requirement and the study shows that thermo physical property of building materials has the maximum effect on the energy consumption of the building. Each design strategy creates and average of 20% decrease in energy consumption, whereas the thermal conductivity can have as much as 10 times more effect on the energy consumption than other design strategies.