• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.71-83
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• 2016

인테리어 패널은 실내 벽체의 마감 디자인에 많이 활용되고 있으며 패널들의 배치로 형성되는 다양한 패턴은 장식적 효과뿐만 아니라 정보전달의 역할도 한다. 설계자가 원하는 디자인에 따라 패널을 배치하는 것은 반복되는 작업을 요구하는데 본 연구는 패널배치 과정의 체계화를 통해 자동화를 지원하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 인테리어 패널의 활용 특징을 고려하여 패턴표현에 관한 이론적 고찰을 진행하고 이를 바탕으로 비트맵 이미지 픽셀과 인테리어 패널의 형태 변화를 이용한 세 가지 패널배치 패턴 표현 방법을 제안하였다. 또한 제안한 방법의 실제 적용 가능성 검증을 위해 제안한 세 가지 방법 중 비트맵 이미지 픽셀과 인테리어 패널의 유형속성을 이용한 패턴표현 방법을 적용하여 BIM기반 설계를 지원하는 인테리어 패널 자동배치 도구를 구현 하였다. 이는 물량정보나 패널 배치순서와 같은 시공단계에 활용 가능한 정보의 자동생성도 지원하여 설계자 및 시공자의 작업효율 향상에 도움이 된다. 또한 본 연구에서 제안한 인테리어 패널 자동배치 패턴표현 방법은 바닥 타일과 같은 기본단위의 반복을 요구로 하는 다양한 장식객체의 배치에도 활용 가능할 것으로 기대 된다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.509-518
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• 2013

본 연구는 지속가능한 구조설계 정보의 인터페이스 모듈의 개발에 관한 것으로 구조해석 S/W인 Midas/Gen과 BIM S/W인 Tekla Structures를 대상으로 한다. 모듈의 개발은 기존 연구의 내용을 근간으로 기능과 적용성을 개선하였다. 기존 연구에서 모델 정보를 양방향으로 교환하는데 있어 기능적으로 문제가 없었지만, 구조해석모델과 실시설계 모델의 특성 차이로 적용성이 제한적이고 일회적이라는 문제점을 가지고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 기존 연구에서 발생하는 문제점을 분석하고, 그에 대한 해결책을 제시하였으며, 이를 반영하여 인터페이스 모듈의 적용성을 개선하고자 하였다.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2008년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.170-175
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• 2008

가상건설시스템 개발연구단은 국토해양부와 한국건설교통기술평가원의 지원 하에 설립되었다. 본 연구단은 건설프로젝트의 생산성 향상, 고 부가가치 사업 창출, 해외건설시장에서의 경쟁력 확보라는 목표를 가지고 연구를 수행 중에 있다. 가상건설 시스템은 건축물의 전 생애주기에서 발생되는 정보를 효과적으로 공유할 수 있도록 3D 및 정보 기반의 설계, 엔지니어링, 건설관리 업무를 지원하게 된다. 위의 목표를 달성하기 위해서 연구단은 가상건설시스템 하위에 다양한 기능을 수행하는 모듈들을 개발하는 데에 연구의 초점을 맞추고 있다. 첫째, 3D 기반 구조 설계 설비 및 견적시스템 개발이다. 둘째, 가상현실 기법을 활용한 기획단계에서의 프로세스 시뮬레이션 및 사업성 분석 시스템 개발이다. 셋째, 건설프로젝트에서 다루어지는 모든 정보를 관리할 수 있는 CPLM(Construction Project Life-cycle Management)을 개발하는 것이다. CPLM은 3D 기술과 정보 기반 협업을 통한 의사결정 지원 시스템이다. 이와 같은 본 연구단의 최종목표에 도달하기 위하여 2차 년도에 가상건설 프로토타입 시스템을 개발 완료하였고, 3차 년도 가상건설 시스템의 각 모듈 완성 및 시스템 통합을 목표로 연구를 진행하고 있다. 본 연구는 향후 건설산업에서 필수개념으로 자리잡게 될 BIM의 국가적 차원의 연구라는 점에서 시사하는 바가 크다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2016

Road bridges are deteriorating gradually, and it is forecasted that the number of road bridges aging over 30 years will increase by more than 3 times of the current number. To maintain road bridges in a safe condition, current safety conditions of the bridges must be estimated for repair or reinforcement. However, budget and professional manpower required to perform in-depth inspections of road bridges are limited. This study proposes an estimation model for safety rating of road bridges by analyzing the data from Facility Management System (FMS) and Yearbook of Road Bridges and Tunnel. These data include basic specifications, year of completion, traffic, safety rating, and others. The distribution of safety rating was imbalanced, indicating 91% of road bridges have safety ratings of A or B. To improve classification performance, five safety ratings were integrated into two classes of G (good, A and B) and P (poor ratings under C). This rearrangement was set because facilities with ratings under C are required to be repaired or reinforced to recover their original functionality. 70% of the original data were used as training data, while the other 30% were used for validation. Data of class P in the training data were oversampled by 3 times, and Repeated Incremental Pruning to Produce Error Reduction (RIPPER) algorithm was used to develop the estimation model. The results of estimation model showed overall accuracy of 84.8%, true positive rate of 67.3%, and 29 classification rule. Year of completion was identified as the most critical factor on affecting lower safety ratings of bridges.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2012

현재 국내에서는 매년 약 40만 세대의 공동주택이 신축되고 있다. 건설업체는 높은 품질의 다양화된 주거 공간을 공급하고 있으며, 입주자들도 고품질의 하자 없는 공동 주택을 원하고 있다. 건설업체는 입주자 요구 사항의 만족과 업체의 브랜드화를 위해 시공단계에서 부터 완공 후 하자 보수 단계 까지 품질 향상을 위한 노력을 기울이고 있다. 그러나 건설 공사의 특성상 여러 공종의 복합적인 결합으로 인해 하자는 불가피하게 발생되고 있으며, 하자의 책임 여부에 있어서 건설업체와 입주자와의 갈등은 법적 분쟁으로까지 이어지고 있어 하자에 대한 체계적인 분석과 계획 수립이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 최근 보급률이 높은 스마트 기기의 기능을 이용하여 공동주택 하자를 효과적으로 관리할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 즉, 스마트 기기를 도입한 하자 관리 프로세스를 제안하여 하자 접수와 처리 및 완료 단계에서 하자 처리 관련 시간을 단축하고, 각 하자 관련 주체간의 의사소통을 원활하고 신속하게 수행할 수 있도록 하고자 한다. 또한, 각 하자처리 단계마다 하자에 대한 정보를 체계적으로 데이터베이스화하여 하자관련 분쟁 시 근거 자료 확보에 도움이 되도록 하고자 한다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2020

In recent years, the construction industry is getting bigger and more complex, so it is becoming difficult to acquire point cloud data for construction equipments and workers. Point cloud data is measured using a drone and MMS(Mobile Mapping System), and the collected point cloud data is used to create a 3D digital map. In particular, the construction site is located at outdoors and there are many irregular terrains, making it difficult to collect point cloud data. For these reasons, adopting a noise reduction algorithm suitable for the characteristics of the construction industry can affect the improvement of the analysis accuracy of digital maps. This is related to various environments and variables of the construction site. Therefore, this study reviewed and analyzed the existing research and techniques on the noise reduction algorithm. And based on the results of literature review, performance evaluation of major noise reduction algorithms was conducted for digital maps of construction sites. As a result of the performance evaluation in this study, the voxel grid algorithm showed relatively less execution time than the statistical outlier removal algorithm. In addition, analysis results in slope, space, and earth walls of the construction site digital map showed that the voxel grid algorithm was relatively superior to the statistical outlier removal algorithm and that the noise removal performance of voxel grid algorithm was superior and the object preservation ability was also superior. In the future, based on the results reviewed through the performance evaluation of the noise reduction algorithm of this study, we will develop a noise reduction algorithm for 3D point cloud data that reflects the characteristics of the construction site.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.80-92
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• 2022

Recently, remote work has arisen due to the social atmosphere and advancement of digital technology. Although effective in premeditated communications such as conferences or meetings, the current technology such as messengers and video chats insufficiently supports impromptu communications like a chance encounter, daily conversation with colleagues, or brief instant meetings. This causes various problems such as a decrease in social belonging and an increase in social isolation. The virtual workplace, which emerged as an alternative to this technology, is merely replicating the workplace layouts in reality with an absence of the proper design guideline. Therefore, this paper aims to establish the foundation for the better design of the virtual workplace for remote-work employees. The research compared 12 current workplace cases with the analysis with 5 categories(Spatial Composition, Scale, Individual & Collaboration Workplace, Socializing Space), and discovered the following results: 1) some design principles of the real workplace can be applied on the virtual workplace design, 2) the architectural components of the virtual workplace can differ from them of the real. Based on the results, the research suggests both the appropriate design methodologies of the virtual workplace considering the design principles of the real office layouts, and the design direction for the future of the virtual workplace. This research will be the foundation for the future design of the virtual workplace.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2022

Earthmoving operations account for approximately 25% of construction cost, generally executed prior to the construction of buildings and structures with heavy equipment. For the successful completion of earthwork projects, it is crucial to constantly monitor earthwork equipment (e.g., trucks), estimate productivity, and optimize the construction process and equipment on a construction site. Traditional methods however require time-consuming and painstaking tasks for the manual observations of the ongoing field operations. This study proposed the use of a GPS sensor embedded in a smartphone for the tracking and visualization of equipment locations, which are in turn used for the estimation and simulation of cycle times and production rates of ongoing earthwork. This approach is implemented into a digital platform enabling real-time data collection and simulation, particularly in a 2D (e.g., maps) or 3D (e.g., point clouds) virtual environment where the spatial and temporal flows of trucks are visualized. In the case study, the digital platform is applied for an earthmoving operation at the site development work of commercial factories. The results demonstrate that the production rates of various equipment usage scenarios (e.g., the different numbers of trucks) can be estimated through simulation, and then, the optimal number of tucks for the equipment fleet can be determined, thus supporting the practical potential of real-time sensing and simulation for onsite equipment management.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.104-115
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• 2022

Fine Dust in Korea has been classified as a social disaster since 2019 due to continuous increase in concentration of Particulate Matter 10(PM 10) and PM 2.5. The fine dust issue has negative physical and mental impacts, especially on vulnerable population including children and the elderly. Seoul metropolitan government have installed fine dust shelters since 2019. However, there is a lack of research that evaluates spatiotemporal distribution of these facilities. Therefore, the first aim of this study is to find the relationship between PM levels and dust scattering construction sites, or air pollutant emission sites through in depth spatial analyses. The second purpose is to analyze the spatial distribution of PM shelters in Seoul, and to evaluate the location efficiency of them. Kernel density, krigging, and network analyses were conducted, and floating population was considered instead of census data for this research. The reults of network analysis based on the road system showed that Yangcheon-gu, Songpa-gu, Seongbuk-gu, and Dobong-gu were found to need additional fine dust shelters. Also, the results from analyzing the floating population that includes children and the elderly showed that Songpa-gu, Seodaemun-gu, Gangdong-gu, Seocho-gu, and Dongdaemun-gu need more placements of find dust shelters. The results of this study are expected to provide implications for urban planners to enhance find dust shelter placement in urban areas, and vulnerable population issues would be considered in many ways.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.265-278
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• 2021

When a dangerous event arises for people inside a building and an immediate evacuation is required, it is important that suitable routes have been previously defined. These situations can happen especially when buildings are crowded, making the occupants have a very high vulnerability and can be trapped if they do not evacuate quickly and safely. However, in most cases, routes are considered based just on their proximity or short distance to the exit areas, and evacuation simulations that include more variables are not performed. This work aims to propose a methodology for building's indoor evacuation activities under the premise of processing simulation scenarios in multi-agent environments. In the methodology, importance indexes of simplified and validated geometry data from a BIM (Building Information Modeling) are considered as heuristic input data in a proposed algorithm. The algorithm is based on AP-Theta^* pathfinding and collision avoidance machine learning techniques. It also includes conditioning variables such as the number of people, speed of movement as well as reaction ability of the agents that influence the evacuation times. Moreover, collision avoidance is applied between people or with objects along the route. The simulations using the proposed algorithm are tested in NetLogo for diverse scenarios, showing feasible evacuation routes and calculating evacuation times in a multi-agent environment. The experimental results are obtained by applying the method in a study case and demonstrate the level of effectiveness of the algorithm, and the influence of the conditioning variables analyzed together when performing safe evacuation routes.