• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.353-363
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• 2010

The most efficient measures to reduce damage from natural disasters include activities which prevent disasters in advance, decrease possibility of disasters and minimize the scale of damage. Therefore, developing of the risk assessment model is very important to reduce the natural disaster damage. This study estimated a typhoon damage which is the biggest damage scale among increased natural disasters in Korea along with climate change. The results of 3-second gust at the height of 10m level from the typhoon 'Maemi' which did considerable damage to Korean in 2003, using the wind data at the height of 700 hPa. September 12th 09 LST~13th 12 LST period by the time a typhoon Maemi approached to the Korean peninsula. This study estimate damage amount using 'Fragility curve' which is the damage probability curve about a certain wind speed of the each building component factors based on wind load estimation results by using 3-second gust. But the fragility curve is not to Korea. Therefore, we use the fragility curves to FPHLM(FDFS, 2005). The result of houses damage amount is about 11 trillion 5 million won. This values are limit the 1-story detached dwelling, $62.51\sim95.56\;m^2$ of total area. Therefore, this process is possible application to other type houses.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.625-633
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 강풍 위험과 강풍 취약도의 합성곱을 통하여 강풍 위험도를 평가할 수 있는 확률적 체계를 수립하였으며, 수치적으로 개발한 모형으로 아파트 창호 시스템의 강풍 위험도를 평가하였다. 강풍 위험 모형은 1951년부터 2013년까지에 한반도에 영향을 준 태풍의 기후학적 자료를 몬테카를로 모사기법에 적용하여 개발되었다. 또한 몬테카를로 모사기법으로 창호 시스템의 저항성능과 풍하중의 확률 분포를 비교하여 강풍에 대한 4가지 피해단계의 구조적 파괴확률을 평가할 수 있는 취약도 모형이 개발되었다. 개발된 몬테카를로 모사기법으로 평가한 강풍 위험과 강풍 취약도는 각각 웨이블 분포와 로그정규분포로 곡선맞춤 되었으며, 합성곱을 통한 강풍 위험도 평가에 사용되었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 확률적 위험도 평가체계를 통하여 평가지역, 지표조도, 지형, 지붕 경사각, 건물 높이 등이 아파트 창호 시스템의 강풍 위험도에 미치는 영향성을 정량적으로 평가할 수 있었다. 향후 본 연구를 통하여 개발된 강풍 위험도 평가 모델은 평가지역의 존재하는 건축물에 대한 데이터베이스와 결합하여 손실추정 및 피해 저감대책 수립 등의 분야에서 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제85권6호
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• pp.793-808
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• 2023

Türkiye is located in a region where destructive earthquakes are frequently experienced due to its geological characteristics and geographical location. Therefore, considering the possibility of a devastating earthquake at any time, determining the reinforced concrete (RC) building seismic safety, constructed before or after the current seismic buildings code, is one of the most important issues to be completed firstly. For this purpose, rapid assessment methods developed to quickly determine the seismic safety of buildings are available in the literature. Comparison of the principles of Principles of the Determination of Risky Structures-2019, Column and Wall Index Method, P25 Scoring Method and Improved Discriminant Analysis Method, which are among these methods, have been aimed within the scope of this study. Within the scope of this paper, a total of 43 buildings in the Yalova/Çınarcık region of Türkiye that the damage level was determined by street observation method immediately after the 1999 Kocaeli (Izmit) Earthquake; 15 buildings with heavy damage and 28 buildings with moderate damage were examined by rapid assessment methods. Although the risk detection difference was not separated as a clear line in any of the methods used, the results obtained from the rapid assessment methods are evaluated as being compatible with the detected after earthquake structural seismic behavior of the buildings. The PDRS-2019 and column and wall index method gave the most approximate results. In the results obtained from the analyzes; structural features such as number of floors, frame continuity, soft/weak story irregularity, effective shear strength area, existence of heavy overhangs in plan, type of structural system have been found to be significantly effective on the earthquake behavior of buildings.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.337-351
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• 2021

On September 12, 2016, the Gyeongju earthquake occurred in the south-eastern region of the Korean peninsula. The event was ranked as the largest magnitude earthquake (=5.8) since instrumental recording was started by the Korean Metrological Administration (KMA) in 1978. The objective of this study is to provide information obtained from the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake and to propose a procedure estimating seismic risk of a typical old RC building for past and potential earthquakes. Ground motions are simulated using the point source model at 4941 grid locations in the Korean peninsula that resulted from the Gyeongju earthquake and from potential future earthquakes with the same hypocenter considering different soil conditions. Nonlinear response history analyses are conducted for each grid location using a three-story gravity-designed reinforced concrete (RC) frame that most closely represents conventional old school and public buildings. Then, contour maps are constructed to present the seismic risk associated with this building for the Gyeongju earthquake and potential future scenario earthquakes. These contour maps can be useful in the development of a mitigation plan for potential earthquake damage to school and public buildings at all grid locations on the Korean peninsula.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.561-564
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• 2009

In order to reduce damage from natural disasters, prevention activities through analysis and predicting based on meteorological factor and damage data is required. Other countries already have continuously studied on natural disasters and developed reducing disasters damage. But the risk assessment model for natural disaster is not to Korea. Therefore, a previous model of hurricane, Florida Public Hurricane Loss Model(FPHLM), is the basis and is applying to domestic situation. Accordingly, this study introduces the variables selecting process because input variables should be selected under Korea present state and be used. The estimating representative damage method would be necessary along with selecting housing types representing relevant areas because estimating damage amount of all over relevant areas housing was very hard during damage estimating process. But there is no exact representative housing types in the Korea. Therefore, we select housing types applicable to risk assessment model for natural disasters representing the Korea through previous studies and literature reviews. We using ASCE 7-98(Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, 1998) standard which estimated wind load using 3-second gust. ASCE 7-98 divided Main Wind Force Resistance System(MWFRS) and Component and Cladding(C&C) and it estimated wind load. Therefore, we estimate wind load affected by 3-second gust of a typhoon Maemi through calculating wind load process using selected representative detached house types in the process of selecting input variables for previous disaster predict model. The result of houses damage amount is about 230 hundred million won. This values are limit the 1-story detached dwelling, 19~29pyeong(62.81~95.56 $m^2$) of total area and flat roof. Therefore, this process is possible application to other type houses.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.79-80
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• 2022

In December 2017, a fire at the Jecheon Sports Center caused 29 deaths and 40 injuries, and about 2 billion won in property damage. It is a facility used by unspecified people as a publicly used establishment with a piloti structure. The damage was expanded due to the ignition of combustible exterior materials, Lack of fire protection in horizontal and vertical penetrations. Although legislation has improved since the fire, it is not retroactively applied, increasing the risk of fire in existing buildings. Accordingly, it is necessary to examine the case of the Jecheon Sports Center fire and draw out the problems. In this study, the fire simulation results and the Jecheon Sports Center fire are comparatively analyzed and used as basic data for fire reduction measures in publicly used establishment. As a result of the fire simulation drive, in the case of the second floor, the room temperature exceeded the human life safety standard of 60 ℃ after about 700 seconds had passed. In the case of three floor, it is predicted that the indoor temperature will exceed about 350 ℃. and temporary complexation will occur in the indoor combustibles.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.325-335
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• 2021

The majority of Turkey's geography is at risk of earthquakes. Within the borders of Turkey, including the two major active faults contain the North-Eastern and Eastern Anatolia, earthquake, threatening the safety of life and property. On January 24, 2020, an earthquake of magnitude 6.8 occurred at 8:55 p.m. local time. According to the data obtained from the stations in the region, peak ground acceleration in the east-west direction was measured as 0.292 g from the 2308 coded station in Sivrice. It is thought that the earthquake with a magnitude of Mw 6.8 was developed on the Sivrice-Puturge segment of the Eastern Anatolian Fault, which is a left lateral strike slip fault, and the tear developed in an area of 50-55 km. Aftershocks ranging from 0.8 to 5.1 Mw occurred following the main shock on the Eastern Anatolian Fault. The earthquake caused severe structural damages in Elazığ and neighboring provinces. As a result of the field investigations carried out in this study, significant damage levels were observed in the buildings since it did not meet the criteria in the earthquake codes. Within the study's scope, the structural damage cases in reinforced concrete and masonry structures were investigated. Many structural deficiencies and mistakes such as non-ductile details, poor concrete quality, short columns, strong beams-weak columns mechanism, large and heavy overhangs, masonry building damages and inadequate reinforcement arrangements were observed. Requirements of seismic codes are discussed and compared with observed earthquake damage.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2020

최근의 교량 건설 프로젝트는 교량 건설의 증가추세에 따라 위험 손실에 대비하기 위해 보다 정교한 리스크 관리 조치와 손실 예측을 요구하고 있다. 본 연구는 교량 건설 사업에 대한 국내 주요 보험사의 과거 보험료 지급 실적을 토대로 실제 교량 건설에서 목적물의 손실을 유발하는 위험 요인을 분석하고, 정량화된 예측 손실 모델을 개발하고자 하였다. 정량적 교량건설 손실모형 개발을 위해 사고 건당 보험지급액을 총공사비로 나눈 손실비율을 종속변수로 선정하였고, 독립변수로는 1)기술적 요인: 상부 구조 유형, 하부 구조 유형, 상부 가설방법, 교량 길이 2) 자연재해요인 : 태풍, 홍수 3) 프로젝트 정보: 공사기간, 총공사비를 채택하였다. 선정된 독립변수 중 상부구조, 가설방법 및 프로젝트 기간이 교량건설 손실 비율에 영향을 미치는 지표로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과로 도출된 리스크 지표와 손실예측 함수는 정부 관련기관, 교량 건설 설계 및 시공사, 보험회사에 정량적 피해 예측 및 위험 평가 서비스를 제공하며, 향후 기초 교량 리스크 평가 개발 연구의 가이드라인으로 활용할 수 있다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2016

현대 화학플랜트 및 석유 가스 산업 시설은 다양한 잠재위험으로 인하여 위험물질의 누출 및 화재가 빈번히 발생하고 있다. 그 중 특히 화재는 직접적인 화염의 접촉 또는 복사열로 인하여 인명피해는 물론 건물, 설비에 대한 피해 발생으로 domino effect가 발생하여 2차, 3차 피해까지도 발생하기도 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 발생가능한 화재를 파악하여 사고피해영향과 빈도를 낮추어 화재 위험성을 관리하는 FRA(Fire Risk Assessment)기법의 절차를 제시하였으며, 사고피해영향으로 화염의 직접적인 접촉과 복사열로 인한 주요건물(제어실, 창고, 변전소)의 물리적 특성이 변형되는 시간을 고려하였다. 사례연구를 통하여 수행한 FRA기법으로 국내외 화학공장의 위험성을 경감시킬 수 있었으며, Protection 설정을 통한 사고의 빈도와 피해영향의 감소를 정량적으로 파악할 수 있었다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.627-639
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• 2021

Fragility curves are being more significant as a useful tool for evaluating the relationship between the earthquake intensity measure and the effects of the engineering demand parameter on the buildings. In this paper, the effect of different site conditions on the vulnerability of the structures was examined through the fragility curves taking into account different strength capacities of the precast columns. Thus, typical existing single-story precast RC industrial buildings which were built in Turkey after the year 2000 were examined. The fragility curves for the three typical existing industrial structures were derived from an analytical approach by performing non-linear dynamic analyses considering three different soil conditions. The Park and Ang damage index was used in order to determine the damage level of the members. The spectral acceleration (Sa) was used as the ground motion parameter in the fragility curves. The results indicate that the fragility curves were derived for the structures vary depending on the site conditions. The damage probability of exceedance values increased from stiff site to soft site for any Sa value. This difference increases in long period in examined buildings. In addition, earthquake demand values were calculated by considering the buildings and site conditions, and the effect of the site class on the building damage was evaluated by considering the Mean Damage Ratio parameter (MDR). Achieving fragility curves and MDR curves as a function of spectral acceleration enables a quick and practical risk assessment in existing buildings.