• Title/Summary/Keyword: Building Life Cycle Costs

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Life Cycle Costing: Maintenance and Repair Costs of Hospital Facilities Using Monte Carlo Simulation

  • Kim, Tae-Hui;Choi, Jong-Soo;Park, Young Jun;Son, Kiyoung
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.541-548
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    • 2013
  • During the administration of a construction project, various types of participants are engaged in the project. From the design phase to the maintenance phase, these participants may confront many risks. To avoid these risks, participants should utilize an insurance company or a bond company. The types of risks and liability that a construction manager may face are listed in the construction law or contract. But there are some arguments related to risk transferring and the content of risks. For this reason, construction managers must carefully consider any possible risks in the contract and the construction law. Therefore, for construction managers to deal with risks appropriately, the introduction of a legal requirement to carry professional liability insurance, a defined compensation range for damages, a method of guarantee in the event of defects, a defined compensation claim period for damage, and a method of damage claim were suggested in this study.

An Economic Analysis of Ice Thermal Storage and Absorption Chiller-Heater Systems (빙축열 시스템과 흡수식 냉온수기 공조 방식의 경제성 분석)

  • Lim, Hyun-Woo;Kim, Young-Il;Kim, Kang-San;Kang, Yong-Tae
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2009.06a
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    • pp.218-223
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    • 2009
  • Cost related to building equipment accounts for about 85% of the life cycle cost of buildings. Therefore proper selection of air-conditioning system is important for reducing the overall cost of buildings. In this study, large capacity ice thermal storage and absorption chiller-heater for air-conditioning a building with a floor area of $9,900\;m^2$ are compared economically. For easy input and analysis, an Ms Excel VBA program has been developed. To consider all the factors of initial and operation costs effectively, an annual equal payment method is proposed. Under the assumptions made in this study, overall cost of an absorption chiller-heater is less than that of an ice thermal storage, but this is not absolute and different outcome may result if different assumptions are made. This study is useful for those who are interested in choosing an economical air-conditioning system for large-size buildings with simple calculations.

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BIM-based Repair&Replacement (R&R) Cost Estimating Process (BIM기반 건축물 수선교체비 산정 프로세스)

  • Park, Jieun;Yu, Jungho
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2016
  • In a construction project, the portion for maintenance costs for a building is considerable compared to the initial construction cost. As such, Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis is being increasingly utilized to assess the design value of engineering work in Korea. Additionally, the Public Procurement Service in Korea announced that it will be mandatory for all domestic construction projects to adopt BIM. Furthermore, the paradigm for architectural design has shifted from 2D to 3D, and to BIM, which includes a data management system. Within this background, however, there is currently no adequate BIM-based LCC analysis software and the requirements of cost estimation for repair and replacement cost for a building is not completely adequate in BIM tools such as Revit and Archicad. Therefore, this study suggests a process of cost estimation for repair and replacement (R&R) cost based on IFC data. First, we analyzed existing R&R criteria and defined BIM-based requirements when calculating R&R costs. These requirements were extracted from relevant IFC data. Subsequently, this was saved to a database and a BIM-based database was built for R&R cost estimation. Finally, this database was connected with external databases such as R&R Criteria DB and Cost Information DB to calculate R&R costs. This process is expected to improve upon the traditional process of cost estimation of R&R cost by applying a BIM model. The proposed process can contribute to a further standardizing of BIM-based LCC analysis thru application to initial construction costs, energy costs, and other maintenance costs.

An Analysis on the Maintenance Effect of the HVAC System with On-line Management Method (공조설비의 온라인 유지관리 효과 분석)

  • Kim, Yong-Ki;Lee, Tae-Won;Kang, Sung-Ju;Woo, Nam-Sub
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.54-59
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    • 2008
  • The poor maintenance and management of HVAC systems finally lead to the shortening of the life expectancy and result in the increase of operating costs and energy consumptions due to low efficiencies. Also, it is essential to try to develop ways to adequately maintain and to use the building facilities efficiently in order to preserve earth environment and the limited resource. In this study, an analysis on the maintenance and management cost for HVAC systems was carried out with the capacity of equipment. Besides, the LCC(Life Cycle Cost) based analysis was carried out to verify the effect of the doing maintenance and management. As the results, the case of the good maintenance and management is able to save LCC to 11 % than the case of the poor method.

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An Uncertainty Analysis of Calculating Life Cycle Maintenance and Energy Costs for Technical Proposals (기술제안입찰을 위한 유지관리 및 에너지 비용 산출방식의 불확실성 분석)

  • Chung, Sung Young;Kim, Sean Hay
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.3-9
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    • 2018
  • Although Life Cycle Cost (LCC) must be evaluated by experts, sometimes it may not allow a sufficient time for even the experienced LCC expert to make rational decisions. Therefore, it often ends with relatively comparing the final numbers. We have broken down 110 technical proposals that are actually bade and accepted for large construction projects, and then have analyzed the uncertainty of Maintenance and Energy (M&E) cost during building life cycle, which turns out be the most volatile factor in uncertainty of LCC. Also we suggest "Value Engineering Index (VEI)" - the reduced M&E cost that is normalized by the reduced first cost. It is analyzed that the most uncertain factors of the M&E cost include repair and replacement term differing from each project, duplicated repair and replacement, non-standard repair items, and site-specific energy cost. Eventually we propose a VEI population with a mean of 1.38 and a standard deviation of 1.19, which is obtained by individually and exclusively applying the uncertain factors of the M&E cost to the 35 standard sample of technical proposals. The LCC evaluators may be able to use the VEI population as the benchmark to select the technical proposal with the most reasonable LCC among many others in two suggested manners; the one is to deterministically calculate the probability of single VEIs, and the other is to stochastically calculate the probability of the VEIs where uncertainty is quantified.

Sustainable retrofit design of RC frames evaluated for different seismic demand

  • Zerbin, Matteo;Aprile, Alessandra
    • Earthquakes and Structures
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.1337-1353
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    • 2015
  • Seismic upgrading of existing structures is a technical and social issue aimed at risk reduction. Sustainable design is one of the most important challenges in any structural project. Nowadays, many retrofit strategies are feasible and several traditional and innovative options are available to engineers. Basically, the design strategy can lead to increase structural ductility, strength, or both of them, but also stiffness regulation and supplemental damping are possible strategies to reduce seismic vulnerability. Each design solution has different technical and economical performances. In this paper, four different design solutions are presented for the retrofit of an existing RC frame with poor concrete quality and inadequate reinforcement detailing. The considered solutions are based on FRP wrapping of the existing structural elements or alternatively on new RC shear walls introduction. This paper shows the comparison among the considered design strategies in order to select the suitable solution, which reaches the compromise between the obtained safety level and costs during the life-cycle of the building. Each solution is worked out by considering three different levels of seismic demand. The structural capacity of the considered retrofit solutions is assessed with nonlinear static analysis and the seismic performance is evaluated with the capacity spectrum method.

Apache NiFi-based ETL Process for Building Data Lakes (데이터 레이크 구축을 위한 Apache NiFi기반 ETL 프로세스)

  • Lee, Kyoung Min;Lee, Kyung-Hee;Cho, Wan-Sup
    • The Journal of Bigdata
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.145-151
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    • 2021
  • In recent years, digital data has been generated in all areas of human activity, and there are many attempts to safely store and process the data to develop useful services. A data lake refers to a data repository that is independent of the source of the data and the analytical framework that leverages the data. In this paper, we designed a tool to safely store various big data generated by smart cities in a data lake and ETL it so that it can be used in services, and a web-based tool necessary to use it effectively. Implement. A series of processes (ETLs) that quality-check and refine source data, store it safely in a data lake, and manage it according to data life cycle policies are often significant for costly infrastructure and development and maintenance. It is a labor-intensive technology. The mounting technology makes it possible to set and execute ETL work monitoring and data life cycle management visually and efficiently without specialized knowledge in the IT field. Separately, a data quality checklist guide is needed to store and use reliable data in the data lake. In addition, it is necessary to set and reserve data migration and deletion cycles using the data life cycle management tool to reduce data management costs.

Development on Reconstruction Cost Model for Decision Making of Bridge Maintenance (교량 유지관리 의사결정 지원을 위한 개축비용 산정모델 개발)

  • Sun, Jong-Wan;Lee, Dong-Yeol;Lee, Min-Jae;Park, Kyung-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.9
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    • pp.533-542
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    • 2016
  • The periodic maintenance of bridges is necessary once they have been constructed and its cost depends on various factors, such as their condition, environmental conditions and so on. To make a decision support system, it is essential to establish a basic reconstruction cost model. In this study, a regression model is suggested for calculating the reconstruction cost for typical cases and influential factors, depending on the type of bridge and its components, by analyzing the basic bridge specifications based on the data of the Bridge Management System (BMS). The details for each case were estimated in consideration of the cost calculation variables. The details for each case were estimated in consideration of the cost calculation variables. The cost model for the new construction of the superstructure, substructure and foundation and the temporary bridge construction and demolition costs were drawn from the regression analysis of the estimation results of typical cases according to the cost calculation variables. The reconstruction costs for different types of bridge were obtained using the cost model and compared with those in the literature. The cost model developed herein is expected to be utilized effectively in maintenance decision making.

A Study on the Construction Methods of Sealer of Injection Type for Leakage Maintenance for Water Leakage and Cracks in Concrete (콘크리트 누수균열의 유지관리를 위한 누수보수용 주입형 실링재 시공방법 연구)

  • Kwon Shi-Won;Oh Mi-Hyun;Kwak Kyu-Sung;Oh Sang-Keun
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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    • v.6 no.1 s.19
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    • pp.87-91
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    • 2006
  • Since water leakage and cracks are not the source of serious problems such as long-term lowering of performance and durability of a stricture, including damages to operating facilities of a structure, damages to internal finishing materials, exhibition, and goods, and pollution of residential environment, they might have led to development of positive coping skills; however, an instant loss of lives or property due to earthquake, explosion, typhoon, or a fire was indeed neglected. In these days, repair materials for leakage cannot help but being taken in temporary way without any noticeable countermeasure. This kind of repair is socially criticized many times that is defective construction even if this costs a lot. It was not arrange the standard for construction methods of sealer of injection type for leakage maintenance, even it has been used various type of construction methods for leakage part. In conclusion, we suggest that the construction methods of sealer of injection type for leakage maintenance for leakage to establish the leakage repairing technology as increase of structure demand. Therefore, it would be possible to provide a stage-by-stage solution by developing systematic research activities among the industry, schools, and research institutes to spread maintenance management techniques globally through technical solution to water leakage and cracks, acquisition of structural safety with prolonged durability for life cycle, reduction of water leakage repair expense s, and so on.

A Study on the Newly Recognized Defect Factors in Defect Lawsuits of Apartment Housing (공동주택 하자소송단계에서의 하자인정항목에 관한 연구)

  • Ko, Young-Tae;Shin, Yoon-Seok;Lee, Myungdo
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.567-576
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    • 2020
  • This study proposes additional items to be recognized as defects in a defect lawsuit through a case analysis of lawsuit cases in apartment housing. Identifying these defects prevents an unexpected increase in litigation costs, delays in the date of litigation, and emotion repercussions or additional lawsuits. In this study, the defects that were not discovered by the existing occupants and construction companies, but were newly discovered in litigation, were defined as defects in lawsuits. Fifteen cases of lawsuits were analyzed and a total of 77 defects were derived. Each item was then reviewed for location, work type, number of occurrences, and cost. The results were yielded 23 defect items, which were validated by appraisers who directly appraised the cases. In addition, the derived defect factors were analyzed. Finally, the 23 defect items were categorized into 10 main factors which include attributes such as causes of occurrence and characteristics. This can provide an overall area of defects to be considered in addition to existing defect items in the life cycle of the housing. The results of this study can contribute to reducing the actual occurrence of defects and minimizing the disputes in the case of defect lawsuits.