• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 2022

전염병확산에 따라 건강에 대한 중요성이 높아지면서, 기능성이 소비자들의 버섯 구매에 중요한 요소로 작용하고 있다. 양송이 소비촉진을 위한 기능성 정보를 알리기 위해 백색 느티만가닥버섯를 대조구로 백색양송이와 갈색양송이로 구분하여 영양성분 및 생리활성 성분을 비교 분석하였다. 백색양송이는 갈색양송이에 비해 당도와 무기성분인 칼륨이 높았으며, 나트륨과 마그네슘, 비타민 C는 갈색양송이와 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 또한 Ergosterol 함량은 백색양송이가 갈색양송이 대비 약 2배정도 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 갈색양송이는 백색양송이에 비해 𝛽-Glucan, 유기산인 oxalic acid가 높았지만, 총 유기산 함량은 유의적 차이가 없었다. 또한, 아미노산은 Ergothionein, Isoleucine, Leucine, Glycine, Alanine, 비타민은 B 그룹, 그리고 총 폴리페놀 함량이 갈색양송이가 백색양송이보다 높았다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.17-22
• /
• 1977

건조굴 가공시 생굴의 수세${\cdot}$자숙과정에서 아황산 소오다로서 처리하여 건조굴은 저장할 때 일어나는 갈변에 대한 영향을 검토하고 항산화제를 첨가한 효과를 측정한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 아황산소오다의 침지농도별, 침지시간별 처리효과를 비교하면 전보에서 얻은 생굴중의 환원당과 tyrosine의 제거효과와 같이 건조굴의 저장후에도 0.5M 용액에서 6분간 침지한 후, 60분간 수세한 것의 효과가 가장 좋았다. 침지용액을 산성으로 조절하는 것도 도움이 되었다. 2. 저장중의 TBA치, 지방의 산화적 갈변 및 당아미노 반응에 의한 갈변도의 추세를 검토해 보면 지방산화적 갈변이 주도적이 였고 당-아미노반응 또한 완만하게 특속적으로 진행되고 있으며 두 반응은 서로 관련하고 있어 아황산염의 처리가 지방의 산화적 갈변에도 영향을 미치고 있다. 3. 황산화제의 첨가는 주도적인 갈변요인인 지방의 산화를 억제함은 물론, 아황산염의 처리와 항산화제처리를 병행하였을 때 효과는 상승적으로 나타나 0.5M 아황산소오다 처리와 항산화제를 병용했을 때가 가장 효과가 좋았다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.379-383
• /
• 2004

Bacillus sp. 유래 ${\beta}-mannanase$의 brown copra meal에 대한 기질 특이성을 규명하기 위하여 정제효소 150 ml를 0.5% 기질에 $50^{\circ}C$, 24 hrs 가수분해후 TLC, FACE로 비교 검토한 결과 2종류의 galactosyl mannooligosaccharide로 구성되어 1차 activated carbon column chromatography을 이용해 250 ml/hr 유속으로 tube당 50ml씩 ethanol $0{\sim}30%$ linear gradient로 당을 분리하였다. Activated carbon column chromatography에 의한 당용액 0.2 ml와 5% phenol 0.2 ml를 가하여 혼합 후 $Conc.H_2SO_4$ 1 ml를 가하여 혼합한 후 20분간 방치하여 490 nm로 흡광도를 측정하여 TLC로 pattern을 검토한 후 $Gal^3Man_4$ 및 DP 7의 galactosyl manooligosaccharide의 fraction을 회수하여 2차 activated carbon column chromatography를 이용해 1차와 동일한 조전에서 분리 회수하여 중합도 5는 $Gal^3Man_4(63-mono-{\alpha}-D-galactopyranosyl-{\beta}-mannotetraose)$로 동정되었고, 중합도 7은 현재 동정중에 있다. Bifidobacterium속 균주(B. longum, B. bifidum)에 대한 생육활성을 비교 검토하기 위하여 MRS media에서 탄소원을 dextrose대신에 조제된 $Gal^3Man_4$를 첨가후 측정한 결과 $Gal^3Man_4$이 첨가되지 않은 MRS broth에 비해 생육촉진 활성을 보였다. 특히 B. longum에 대해서는 $Gal^3Man_4$를 dextrose대체 탄소원으로 처리시 10배의 생육활성이 증가하였다.

• 신재생에너지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 2013

The efficiency of microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis of seaweeds for the production of ethanol was investigated and its effect on hydrolysis into reducing sugar and fermentation into ethanol evaluated as compared with those by conventional heating. A brown seaweed, Laminaria japonica (10-100g/L) was hydrolysed under dilute acidic condition (0.5N $H_2SO_4$, $100^{\circ}C$) with two sorts of heating: microwave irradiation for ${\leq}10min$ and conventional heating for 10-60min. Microwave-assisted hydrolysis was shown to be more efficient. A similar range of reducing sugar and ethanol yields as with the conventional autoclave heating procedure(${\geq}30min$) was observed, but it was obvious that production of ethanol from microwave-assisted hydrolysis had a 3 times faster reaction rate leading to very short production times, lower energy consumption/loss than from the conventional heating mode, and higher biomass loading without significant reducing ethanol yield, thus microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis is a potential alternative method for more effective hydrolysis of Laminaria japonica.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.104-108
• /
• 2012

갈색 느티만가닥버섯으로부터 새로운 생리기능성 물질을 개발하기 위하여 갈색 느티만가닥버섯 자실체의 영양 특성과 생리기능성을 조사하였다. 갈색 느티만가닥 버섯의 자실체에는 조단백질 27.3%, 조지방 2.7%, 탄수화물 55.8%을 함유하고 있었고 유리당 중에서는 전화당이 건조 중량 100 g 당 8.6 mg을, 유기산 중에서는 11,109.3 mg의 사과산을 가장 많이 함유하고 있었다. 갈색 느티만가닥버섯 자실체의 물 추출물과 에탄올 추출물을 제조하여 이들의 생리기능성을 측정한 결과 물 추출물이 66.7%의 항고혈압성 안지오텐신 전환효소 저해 활성(ACE)과 37.3%의 항통풍성 잔틴옥시데이즈 저해활성을 보였으나 에탄올 추출물은 대체로 낮은 생리기능성을 보였다. 또한 느티만가닥버섯의 자실체를 증류수에 넣고 $70^{\circ}C$에서 12시간 추출하였을때 가장 많이(저해활성: 84.4%) 추출되었으나 $50^{\circ}C$에서 12시간 동안 추출하여 얻은 추출물에서도 높은 ACE 저해활성(81.4%)을 보여 경제적 생산면에서 더 유리 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.1440-1446
• /
• 1999

국내외에서 구입한 42개의 식초 시료에 대해 비휘발성 유기산, 당, 아미노산, 휘발성 성분들을 종합적으로 분석하여 화학 성분에 의한 양조, 사과, 현미식초의 차별화 가능성을 검토하였다. 비휘발성 유기산으로는 malic, succinic 및 lactic acid, 당 성분으로는 fructose와 glucose, 아미노산으로는 lysine, serine, leucine, valine 및 alanine, 휘발성 성분으로는 1-hexanol, acetaldehyde, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methylpropanoic acid, isopropyl butanoate 및 ethanol이 식초의 종류별 차별화에 유용한 성분으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 열 여섯 종의 성분들 중에서도 malic acid, lysine, succinic acid, glucose, lactic acid 및 1-hexanol을 식초의 차별화에 가장 크게 기여하는 화학 성분으로 정의할 수 있었다. 양조식초는 특징적인 성분이 없었으며, 사과식초는 malic acid와 1-hexanol이, 현미식초는 lysine과 lactic acid의 함량이 다른 종류의 식초에 비해 많은 것이 특징이었다.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.506-520
• /
• 2023

Objective: Japanese Brown (JBR) cattle, especially the Kochi (Tosa) pedigree (JBRT), is a local breed of moderately marbled beef. Despite the increasing demand, the interbreed differences in muscle metabolites from the highly marbled Japanese Black (JBL) beef remain poorly understood. We aimed to determine flavor-related metabolites and postmortem metabolisms characteristic to JBRT beef in comparison with JBL beef. Methods: Lean portions of the longissimus thoracis (loin) muscle from four JBRT cattle were collected at 0, 1, and 14 d postmortem. The muscle metabolomic profiles were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The difference in post-mortem metabolisms and aged muscle metabolites were analyzed by statistical and bioinformatic analyses between JBRT (n = 12) and JBL cattle (n = 6). Results: A total of 240 metabolite annotations were obtained from the detected signals of the JBRT muscle samples. Principal component analysis separated the beef samples into three different aging point groups. According to metabolite set enrichment analysis, post-mortem metabolic changes were associated with the metabolism of pyrimidine, nicotinate and nicotinamide, purine, pyruvate, thiamine, amino sugar, and fatty acid; citric acid cycle; and pentose phosphate pathway as well as various amino acids and mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism. The aged JBRT beef showed higher ultimate pH and lower lactate content than aged JBL beef, suggesting the lower glycolytic activity in postmortem JBRT muscle. JBRT beef was distinguished from JBL beef by significantly different compounds, including choline, amino acids, uridine monophosphate, inosine 5'-monophosphate, fructose 1,6-diphosphate, and betaine, suggesting interbreed differences in the accumulation of nucleotide monophosphate, glutathione metabolism, and phospholipid metabolism. Conclusion: Glycolysis, purine metabolism, fatty acid catabolism, and protein degradation were the most common pathways in beef during postmortem aging. The differentially expressed metabolites and the relevant metabolisms in JBRT beef may contribute to the development of a characteristic flavor.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.499-509
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in physicochemical and sensory properties of raw fruits during washing and chlorine treatments. Strawberry and banana were pre-prepared at different concentration of chlorinated water(0 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm), immersion time(3 min and 5 min), and number of post-rinsing(1 time, 2 times and 3 times). The physicochemical properties such as pH, sugar contents, residual chlorine contents, color values and hardness of the fruits were analyzed, and the sensory quality were evaluated throughout the sterilization treatment process. After washing strawberry with 100 ppm chlorinated water and 3 times of post-rinsing, pH and residual chlorine contents were showed a little difference, while sugar contents, hardness, and color values(L, a and b) were reduced. In case of banana, pH, sugar contents and residual chlorine contents were not affected, and hardness and L color value were reduced. However, a and b color values of banana were gradually increased as the development of brown discoloration. Sensory properties of the samples were affected by the chlorine sterilization treatment. In overall acceptance, strawberry and banana treated with 100 ppm chlorinated water showed the lowest scores among treatments. Therefore it could be suggested that the application of 50 ppm chlorinated water for $3{\sim}5$ minutes with over 3 times of post-rinsing was the effective pre-preparation method without affecting the quality of the fruits.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 2009

Fucoidan is a uniquely-structured sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharide derived from brown algae. Recently, the abalone glycosidase-digested fucoidan extract (fucoidan extract) derived from seaweed Cladosiphon novae-caledoniae Kylin (Mozuku) draws much attention because of its clinical anti-cancer effect in Japan. Here, we report the cancer cells-specific apoptosis inducing effects of the fucoidan extract. The fucoidan extract suppressed the growth of various anchorage-dependent and -independent cancer cells. The fucoidan extract contained low molecular weight components, which induced apoptosis of human leukemic HL 60 cells but not of human lymphocytes. It was shown that the fucoidan extract lead caspase 3/7 activation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in HL 60 cells. Another function of the fucoidan extract was also observed. It has been known that sugar chain expression on the surface of cancer cell membrane changes dependent on their malignancy. The analysis on sugar chain expression profiling using FITC-labeled lectins revealed that the expression of concanavalin A (Con A) binding sugar chain was enhanced by the treatment of human lung adenocarcinoma A549, human uterine carcinoma HeLa and human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells with the fucoidan extract. Con A-induced apoptosis of cancer cells was stimulated in a dose-and time-dependent manner by the treatment with the fucoidan extract but not of human normal fibroblast TIG-1 cells.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제42권2호
• /
• pp.151-156
• /
• 2010

The mutants of sugary-2 (su-2), floury (flo), shrunken-1 (shr-1), and dull-1 (du-1) were crossed to waxy (wx) to produce $F_2$ seeds. Chi-square analysis on the segregating ratio of the $F_2$ seeds revealed that flo, su-2, and shr-1 were independently transmitted with wx, while wx was epistatic over du-1. The floury and sugary-2 were crossed to Hwasunchalbyeo, a waxy variety, and then the $F_4$ of floury-waxy and sugary-2-waxy seeds were developed, respectively. As the parents phenotypes of sugary-2 and floury, the grains of these two lines showed lower hardness and grain weight than normal grain of Hwacheongbyeo. For alkali digestive value (AVD), the sugary-2-waxy showed lower ADV than Hwacheongbyeo. For the gel consistency of grain flours, the floury was medium like Hwacheongbyeo, while those of the sugary-2, floury-waxy, and sugary-2-waxy were soft like Hwasunchalbyeo. The amylose contents in the grains of the sugary-2 and floury were decreased to ~15% whereas that of Hwacheongbyeo was 19.1%. All the lines showing waxy endosperm (Hwasunchalbyeo, floury-waxy, and sugary-2-waxy) showed less than 4% amylose contents. Interestingly, the free sugar content in the brown rice was increased to 9.27% in the sugary-2-waxy, showing transgressive segregation phenomenon where the free sugar contents in its parents, sugary-2 and Hwasunchalbyeo, were 5.98% and 3.98% respectively. Also, the floury-waxy showed transgressive segregation phenomenon, containing 6.15% of free sugar content in the grains.