• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.13-17
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• 2024

The local storage method for home cameras, which relies on inserting an SD card into the device to store data, offers a convenient and cost-effective solution, as there are no recurring expenses after purchasing the SD card. However, we recognize that this method comes with significant security challenges. In particular, the ease with which third parties can access the SD card makes it vulnerable to both physical and software tampering. As the acceptance rate of home camera footage as evidence in courts has increased, we have become increasingly aware of the critical nature of these security issues. Digital data from home cameras, unlike other types of physical evidence, can be more easily tampered with and altered. To ensure that such data is recognized as valid legal evidence, we must prove its integrity and demonstrate that it has not been tampered with. In response to these challenges, we are committed to strengthening the security measures for both the home camera device and its local storage. By doing so, we aim to ensure the integrity and reliability of the data, thereby enhancing the overall security and trustworthiness of home camera systems.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.376-387
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• 2024

This paper examines the performance improvement of a photovoltaic power generation system with a surge protection function by applying a digital surge detection device for surge suppression in a direct current distribution panel applied to a photovoltaic power generation system. The main components used for surge protection are mainly SAD, MOV, and GTA components, and a digital surge detection device was additionally applied to this. Each component has advantages and disadvantages in terms of performance and functionality for surge protection, so a surge protection device with meaningful performance and functionality must be designed in a complex device structure that harmonizes the advantages and disadvantages of each component in order to construct a surge protection device with meaningful performance and function. Through empirical experiments, a performance analysis of a complex surge detection device to which a digital surge detection device is applied was conducted. As a result of the experiment, through absorption and blocking of surges detected through a digital surge detection device, it has both absorption and blocking performance for surges and exhibits surge absorption characteristics for hundreds of voltages in micro second. This performance showed a relatively stable state against surge noise compared to conventional devices, which produced an output waveform of stable quality in the inverter output waveform.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.41-47
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• 2024

In this paper, we deal with a game theoretic problem to explore interactions between evasive Artificial Intelligence (AI) malware and detectors in Internet of Things (IoT). Evasive AI malware is defined as malware having capability of eluding detection by exploiting artificial intelligence such as machine learning and deep leaning. Detectors are defined as IoT devices participating in detection of evasive AI malware in IoT. They can be separated into two groups such that one group of detectors can be armed with detection capability powered by AI, the other group cannot be armed with it. Evasive AI malware can take three strategies of Non-attack, Non-AI attack, AI attack. To cope with these strategies of evasive AI malware, detector can adopt three strategies of Non-defense, Non-AI defense, AI defense. We formulate a Bayesian game theoretic model with these strategies employed by evasive AI malware and detector. We derive pure strategy Bayesian Nash Equilibria in a single stage game from the formulated Bayesian game theoretic model. Our devised work is useful in the sense that it can be used as a basic game theoretic model for developing AI malware detection schemes.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.253-258
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• 2024

This paper explores the factors influencing the degree of freedom in open-world games, taking <The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom> as a case study, it is carefully analyzed in comparison to similar well-known games such as <Genshin>,<Elden Ring>, and <Far Cry>. It also analyzes how the player skill system and its synergy with the combination of interactive elements can effectively enhance the freedom of the game. The results show that the diversity of player skill systems not only significantly enhances the in-game strategy and depth of exploration, but also the rich combination of interactive elements further enhances players' tactical flexibility. This paper also points out that simply expanding the map size while neglecting the content richness and balance of quest design can have negative impacts on the game. This study aims to provide game developers with insights that emphasize the application of skill diversity and interactive elements to improve players' gameplay freedom and overall experience.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2024

One of the most time consuming issues in a city development is the identification of suitable areas for urban infrastructures and proper land uses. Suitability analysis is the process and procedures to find the best available land in given area -that is, the ability of a system to select the needs of users in land use. This paper studied the usage of Geographic Information System technique and methods for the selection of the most appropriate sites for public park in the city of Gwangju. GIS was used as a standard technique to find the best available sites for development in urban areas. For this cause, digital elevation model and spatial data were used to produce different thematic layers by using software Idrisi. Criteria for finding the suitable site for park development were decided to evaluate the land and the followings 4 criteria were selected: on land with less than 3 degrees in slope, outside a 200m buffer around lakes, on land currently designated as forests, and 20ha or greater in size. To meet and measure each criterion, distance and context operators were applied to reclassify the importance of certain weight and Boolean images were generated to meet the criteria. These weights and maps has been combined using ArcGIS tools and the final map was prepared showing the most suitable sites. We may assist city planners and government officials in future development of public facilities including parks and related land use plans at urban level and act as to ensure proper land use planning and management of the urban areas.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.89-100
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• 2024

Integrating advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and big data is transforming elderly care services, particularly in nursing homes. This study explores the impact of these technologies on the quality of care in nursing homes in Tongling City, China. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 298 elderly residents across 12 nursing homes through detailed surveys and interviews. The findings indicate that smart platforms and intelligent terminals significantly enhance service quality, with institutional conditions and social participation emerging as the most influential factors. Although the study's regional focus may limit the generalizability of the findings, it introduces novel applications of AI in dietary management and IoT in personalized environmental monitoring, which contribute original insights to the broader field of smart elderly care. These results underscore the transformative potential of advanced technologies in improving elderly care and offer a model that can be adapted to similar contexts globally. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to assess the long-term impact of these technologies and explore their applicability in diverse cultural and regional settings.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.279-286
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• 2024

The preservation and transmission of intangible cultural heritage, such as traditional martial arts, have historically relied on manual processes that are both resource-intensive and costly. Due to budget limitations, many of these cultural assets are at risk of deterioration or remain hidden in museum storage, inaccessible to the public. To address these challenges, we propose a Digital Historical Data Transformation mechanism utilizing metaverse development techniques. This innovative approach converts 2D images into 3D representations, allowing for the extraction and visualization of associated actions in a three-dimensional space. By applying this methodology to the "Muyedobotongji," a classic text on traditional martial arts, we aim to digitally preserve these practices in a way that is both immersive and interactive. The transformation of static 2D images into dynamic 3D visualizations will not only enhance the restoration process but also make these cultural assets more accessible and engaging for future generations. This digital approach promises a more efficient and sustainable means of preserving intangible cultural heritage, ensuring that these traditions continue to thrive in the modern world.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.176-182
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• 2024

Looking at the recent game market, classic games released in the past are being re-released with high-quality visuals, and users are generally satisfied. It can be said that the realization of realistic digital actors, which was not possible in the past, is now becoming a reality. Epic Games launched the MetaHuman Creator website in September 2021, allowing anyone to easily create realistic human characters. Since then, the number of animations created using MetaHumans has been increasing. As the characters become more realistic, the movement and expression animations expected by the audience must also be convincingly realized. Until recently, traditional methods were the primary approach for producing realistic character animations. For facial animation, Epic Games introduced an improved method on the Live Link app in 2023, which provides the highest quality among mobile-based techniques. In this context, this paper compares the results of animation produced using both keyframe facial capture and mobile-based capture. After creating an emotional expression animation with four sentences, the results were compared using Unreal Engine. While the facial capture method is more natural and easier to use, the precise and exaggerated expressions possible with the keyframe method cannot be overlooked, suggesting that a hybrid approach using both methods will likely continue for the foreseeable future.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.367-375
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• 2024

Draft curtains are an important tool to reduce the spread of fire smoke in buildings. This paper mainly studies the influence of draft curtains on smoke spread in a hospital outpatient building with a spacious hall. The outpatient building of a county hospital in China is taken as the research object, and a fire simulation model is established based on PyroSim software. Four scenarios are designed: no draft curtains in the hall, draft curtains with a length of 1.5m in the hall, draft curtains with a length of 2.0m in the hall, and draft curtains with a length of 2.5m in the hall. At the same time, considering the worst situation, only the main emergency exit is opened, while the remaining emergency exits and windows are all closed, and the fire-fighting facilities are not activated. The detection point is set at the open emergency exit, 1.8m above the ground. Through the simulation of four scenarios, the effect of draft curtains on smoke spread is discussed from four aspects: smoke layer height, temperature, visibility, and CO concentration. The results show that draft curtains have a significant impact on the spread of smoke in a hospital outpatient building with a spacious hall. The longer the draft curtains are, the better the smoke-blocking effect. It should be noted that in the actual design, the length of the draft curtains should be considered without affecting the evacuation of personnel.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.35
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• pp.250-291
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• 2006

This study examines the regulatory issues and introduction problems of TV-betting data broadcasts in Korea by in-depth interview with a panel group. TV-betting data broadcast services of card games and horse racing games are widely in use in Europe and other parts of the world. In order to carry out the study, a demo program of TV-betting data broadcast in the OCAP(OpenCableTM Application Platform Specification) system environment, which is the data broadcasting standard for digital cable broadcasts in Korea was exposed to the panel group and then they were interviewed after watching and using the program. The results could be summarized as below. First of all, while TV-betting data broadcasts have many elements of entertainment, the respondents thought that it would be difficult to introduce TV-betting in data broadcasts as in overseas countries largely due to social factors. In addition, in order to introduce TV-betting data broadcasts, they suggested that excessive speculativeness must be suppressed through a series of regulatory system devices, such as by guaranteeing credibility of the media based on safe security systems for transactions, scheduling programs with effective time constraints to prevent the games from running too frequently, limiting the betting values, and by prohibiting access to games through set-top boxes of other data broadcast subscribers. The general consensus was that TV-betting could be considered for gradual introduction within the governmental laws and regulations that would minimize its ill effects. Therefore, the government should formulate long-term regulations and policies for data broadcasts. Once the groundwork is laid for safe introduction of TV-betting on data broadcasts within the boundary of laws and regulations, interactive TV games are expected to be introduced in Korea not only for added functionality of entertainment but also for far-ranging development of data broadcast and new media industries.