• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.713-730
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• 2003

This paper contains the results of the study on the development of fracture and crack propagation in quasi-brittle materials, such as concrete or rocks, using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). A new discrete element numerical model is proposed as the basis for analyzing the inelastic evolution and growth of cracks up to the point of gross material failure. The model is expected to predict the fracture behavior for the quasi-brittle material structure using the elementary aggregate level, the interaction between aggregate materials, and bond cementation. The algorithms generate normal and shear forces between two interfacing blocks and contains two kinds of contact logic, one for connected blocks and the other one for blocks that are not directly connected. The Mohr-Coulomb theory has been used for the fracture limit. In this algorithm the particles are moving based on the connected block logic until the forces increase up to the fracture limit. After passing the limit, the particles are governed by the discrete block logic. In setting up a discrete polygon element model, two dimensional polygons are used to investigate the response of an assembly of different shapes, sizes, and orientations with blocks subjected to simple applied loads. Several examples involving assemblies of particles are presented to show the behavior of the fracture and the failure process.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.875-879
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• 2000

In the previous report1), the grinding characteristics of quartz were investigated. In this paper, the grinding mechanisms of brittle materials including ceramics and quartz are modeled and a new parameter SDR(Surface roughness Direction Ratio) is proposed to characterize the grinding mechanisms of such materials. A set of experiments were performed to verify the effectiveness of the suggested parameter. The experimental results indicate that the plastic deformation is the dominant material removal mode at the grinding conditions which show the higher value of SDR. In the case of quartz, the material was removed by brittle fracture in a lower value of SDR and by plastic deformation in a higher value of it. SDR is not affected by wheel mesh size when brittle fracture occured. But in the plastic deformation case, SDR value increases with wheel mesh size.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1486-1496
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 새로운 연속 전해드레싱 시스템을 구축하고 현재 전자재료로 널리 사용되고 있는 훼라이트에 대하여, 경면연삭을 실현하기 위한 제반 연삭조건 즉, 전해액의 영향, 파크전류와 펄스폭의 영향, 전해드레싱과 취성파괴와의 관계 등을 규명하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.2073-2080
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• 1994

In this paper, a model of material removal in abrasive water jet machining of brittle material is developed, and experimentally evaluated. Abrasive water jet machining proved to yield better material removal rate than other machining techniques for hard and brittle material (alumina ceramics). It was also found that large scale fracture may develop at the exit of the jet from the material. The fracture size was predicted as a function of water jet pressure and size of the hole. Finally, the feasibility of using acoustic emission signals for in-process monitoring of the abrasive water jet machining process is investigated.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.293-310
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• 2012

This paper discusses a new constitutive model called the high-rate brittle microplane (HRBM) model and also presents the details of a new software package called the Virtual Materials Laboratory (VML). The VML software package was developed to address the challenges of fitting complex material models such as the HRBM model to material property test data and to study the behavior of those models under a wide variety of stress- and strain-paths. VML employs Continuous Evolutionary Algorithms (CEA) in conjunction with gradient search methods to create automatic fitting algorithms to determine constitutive model parameters. The VML code is used to fit the new HRBM model to a well-characterized conventional strength concrete called WES5000. Finally, the ability of the new HRBM model to provide high-fidelity simulations of material property experiments is demonstrated by comparing HRBM simulations to laboratory material property data.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2019

취성재료인 탄소섬유보강폴리머(CFRP)의 시편시험에서 총변형량과 유효길이로서 유도되는 환산변형률을 도입하고, 환산변형률의 장점을 기술하였다. 일반적으로 재료의 인장물성을 결정하기 위해 스트레인 게이지 측정값을 사용하지만, 취성특성을 가지는 CFRP에서는 항상 유효한 것은 아니다. 그 이유는 취성재료에서는 응력재분배를 할 수 없으며, 스트레인 게이지의 측정값은 국부거동만을 나타기 때문이다. 따라서 환산변형률은 취성재료의 인장인장특성의 평균값을 측정하고 변형률과 측정값을 검증하는 보조지표로서 효과적으로 사용될 수 있다. 또한 환산변형률은 1) 제작 오차(편차) 와 세팅 오차(정렬 불량)에 의해 발생하는 초기 내부 변형률에 기인한 영향과 2) 불균일 변형분포로 인한 부분파단 이후 거동을 명확히 가시화하는 장점이 있다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권4A호
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• pp.529-536
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• 2008

구조물의 파괴 거동은 하중의 재하 속도에 따라 달라지는 특성을 보이는데, 이는 재료의 속도 의존성으로부터 비롯된다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 현상은 공학의 여러 분야에서 관심사였지만, 파괴 메커니즘이 명확히 규명되지 않았기 때문에 수치 해석을 통한 연구에는 그 한계점과 어려움이 상존하였다. 본 연구에서는 파괴 거동의 속도 의존성을 이해하고자, 취성재료를 대상으로 입자동역학을 이용한 수치해석을 수행하였다. 직접 인장 시험 시뮬레이션을 위해 노치가 있는 시편을 모델링하고, 취성재료가 갖는 특성을 표현하기 위해 Lennard-Jones 포텐셜을 사용하였다. 6가지의 다른 하중 속도에 따른 균열의 거칠기, 균열의 후퇴와 멈춤, 분기 현상과 같은 동적 파괴 특성을 관찰하였다. 해석 결과를 통해 하중 속도에 따른 파괴 거동의 변화 원인을 에너지 유입-소모율의 개념을 도입하여 설명하고, 재료의 파괴 메커니즘이 갖는 속도 의존성에 대해 이해할 수 있는 단초를 마련하였다. 또한, 기존 실험과의 비교를 통해 실제적인 현상과의 유사성을 밝힘으로써 입자동역학의 공학적 적용 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1009-1014
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• 1997

The small material removal rate of elastic emission machinong (EEM) becomes a serious problem due to using fine powder particles for obtaining finished of high quality. If a cylindrical polyurethane-wheel is used as a tool for accelerating powder particles, the efficiency of machining may be increased through enlarging the machining regionand increasing the surface velocity of the wheel. If these analyicl results are compared with experimental ones, characteristics of EEM using polyurethan-wheel can be clarified. In this study, effects of EEM using cylindrical polyurethane-wheel on the surface roughness and the material removal rate were verified through polishing of the brittle material under various conditions. The high-efficient polishing of silicon wafer has been also carried out using this method.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.181-194
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• 2006

The masonry is a complex heterogeneous material and its shear deformation and fracture is associated with very complicated progressive failures in masonry structure, and is investigated in this paper using a mesoscopic mechanical modelling, Considering the heterogeneity of masonry material, based on the damage mechanics and elastic-brittle theory, the newly developed Material Failure Process Analysis (MFPA) system was brought out to simulate the cracking process of masonry, which was considered as a three-phase composite of the block phase, the mortar phase and the block-mortar interfaces. The crack propagation processes simulated with this model shows good agreement with those of experimental observations by other researchers. This finding indicates that the shear fracture of masonry observed at the macroscopic level is predominantly caused by tensile damage at the mesoscopic level. Some brittle materials are so weak in tension relative to shear that tensile rather than shear fractures are generated in pure shear loading.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2017

This study determines the selection of an appropriate jig material for the blade edge of the medical sapphire knife. The physical properties of the jig material affects the edge shape and chipping phenomenon in machining of the medical sapphire knife. If a grinding wheel is used, brittle workpieces such as sapphire are easily damaged by the propagation of cracks because the grinding force significantly increases. It is important to constantly maintain the grinding force in the grinding process of the brittle materials. The grinding force can be kept constantly by inducing the elastic deformation of the Jig material because the elastic deformation of brittle work-piece is negligibly low. The chipping phenomenon may be reduced by selecting the proper Jig material. Aluminum, copper, stainless steels and carbon steel were used as Jig materials. The experiment was conducted using a cast iron grinding wheel, which was installed on a conventional grinding machine with the ELID grinding system. The thickness and width of the chipping area were measured using an optical microscope and FE-SEM to analyze the shape of the blade edge. According to the experiment result, the chipping phenomenon decreased, and the sharp edge was formed when the jig materials with low elastic modulus were used.