• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.12-21
• /
• 2004

Modem society is information oriented with countless people needing quick reliable information. They also wart to be freed from the limitations of reality such astime and space and experience the world of imagination as if it was reality. Design is creating something out of nothing which has an innate sense of virtual within it. Since it is a process of bringing an imagingnation or an image to life, it can be described as the realization of virtuality. there are many ways in which computer adapted methods were utilized for design up to now. With the advance of computers, the process of desinging became efficient, visually complex and much easier. Undoubtedly, computer is a powerful hardware an design and furthermore, find a way to maximize the presence and to actively incorporate this in designing. The virtual reality system can be widely applied to environmental design to provude a high quality design and enhance the feeling of reality through imitation experiments. Computer simulation such as virtual reality systems is expected to be used widely in environmental design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of residential architecture designed by Gwathmey Siegel in terms of their way of composing spaces and forms. Charles Gwathmey, one of the founders of Gwathmey Siegel, is a worldly famous architect who actively developed Neo-Modernistic architecture in his career. For this study, 15 major houses designed by Gwathmey Siegel were selected and analyzed in terms of their approaches on how to compose various spaces and forms, and how these approaches evolved as time passed. The analysis was mainly based on the drawings and photos of the houses published. The main characteristics found in this study can be summarized as follows: elevated LDK level, split-level composition, use of framing structure, layered space, and linear galleries as a spine of circulation with collaged volumes attached. It turned out these characteristics appeared, faded away, or evolved affecting each other. In early days, Gwathmey often elevated LDK level from ground level for providing privacy, views, and also for separating private rooms. Soon they composed spaces by splitting levels. It not only helped provide privacy where needed effectively, but made space composition more interesting. As sizes of the houses they designed grew, Gwathmey came up with the framing idea for expressing his original architectural language in larger scale. With the split-level composition, the framing method represented Gwathmey's in 70's. This framing introduced layers of interior spaces, and the layers started to break down the monumental framing into individual volumes by bringing in linear spine of circulation. These characteristics helped Gwathmey Siegel develop their own architectural language.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.624-633
• /
• 2021

This study was intended to compare the comfort of wearing each type of commercially available bralette. The trial wearing experiment was conducted on five women in their 20s who wear an average Korean bra size of 70A. The experimental bralettes were of four types: a bralette with both hooks and pads and a bralette without both, a bralette with hooks but no pads, and a bralette with pads but no hooks. The wearing test results are as follows. First, in terms of functional satisfaction, the padded bralette provided the greatest satisfaction in supporting the chest from the bottom up and bringing it to the center, and the bralette without the pad provided the least satisfaction. In addition, the level of convenience of attaching/detaching was about twice as high in the bralette with hooks than those without hooks. Chest compression was found to be greater in bralettes without hooks than in those with hooks. In terms of the pressure on the shoulder strap and on the lower chest band, it was found that bralettes with hooks had a greater sense of pressure than those without. In the appearance characteristics test, the unpadded bralettes scored higher than the padded one in the matter of feeling embarrassed, because in unpadded bralettes, the nipples were exposed underneath the clothes . This study is meaningful in classifying the design of the bralette and evaluating the fit for each design in the absence of prior research on the bralette.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.35
• /
• pp.185-214
• /
• 2014

This paper presents an investigation into the forms of master archer Huhdai Mergen from Mongolian mythology and his character through archery. In Mongolian mythology, master archer Huhdai Mergen is usually connected to the regulation of the sun, the moon, and the stars in Heaven and the creation of stars. Such a series of acts are conducted through archery, which used to be performed as an incantatory ritual to resolve a disaster in life, dispel an evil spirit, and pray for affluence as well as for hunting. In Mongolian mythology, Huhdai Mergen is a master archer and hunter that rises to Heaven while hunting a deer and becomes Sirius with the deer becoming Orion. The Mongolian have believed that the two constellations protect them since ancient times. While Orion is related to the deer totem, Huhdai Mergen or Sirius is related to the wolf totem faith. Huhdai Mergen takes too much pride in his archery skills and ends up causing damage to himself, which can be understood as a pattern of controlling the power of personified Huhdai Mergen through excessive natural force. He also has something to do with Polaris, which is regarded as the stake to bind his horse to by the Mongolian. They also believe that their ancestral gods reside in the horse stake or column. The stake is the residence of Huhdai Mergen protecting the Mongolian people, which reflects his aspect as an ancestral god. He is also depicted as the god of thunder and lightning born in a cow. The stones he throws and the arrows he shoots in Heaven are the embodiments of thunder and lightning. The Mongolian have understood lightning of dispelling an evil spirit and striking wicked things as the arrow of Huhdai Mergen. The god of thunder and lightning has the attributes of a fertility god such as eliminating bad devils and bringing affluence. Huhdai Mergen is also manifested as the creator to create the earth and the savior to save mankind. Such forms all derive from his archery skills.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.37.3-38
• /
• 2021

One of the key questions on star formation is how the organic molecules are synthesized and delivered to the planets and comets since they are the building blocks of prebiotic molecules such as amino acid, which is thought to contribute to bringing life on Earth. Recent astrochemical models and experiments have explained that complex organic molecules (COMs; molecules composed of six or more atoms) are produced on the dust grain mantles in cold and dense gas in prestellar cores. However, the chemical networks and the roles of physical conditions on chemistry are not still understood well. To address this question, hot (> 100 K) cores in high mass young stellar objects (M > 8 Msun) are great laboratories due to their strong emissions and larger samples than those of low-mass counterparts. In addition, CH₃OH masers, which have been mostly found in high mass star forming regions, can provide constraints due to their very unique emerging mechanisms. We investigate twelve high mass star forming regions in ALMA band 6 observation. They are associated with 44/95 GHz Class I and 6.7 GHz Class II CH3OH masers, implying that the active accretion processes are ongoing. For these previously unresolved regions, 66 continuum peaks are detected. Among them, we found 28 cores emitting COMs and specified 10 cores associated with 6.7 GHz Class II CH3OH masers. The chemical diversity of COMs is found in cores in terms of richness and complexity; we identified up to 19 COMs including oxygen- and nitrogen-bearing molecules and their isotopologues in a core. Oxygen-bearing molecules appear to be abundant and more complex than nitrogen-bearing species. On the other hand, the COMs detection rate steeply grows with the gas column density, which can be attributed to the effective COMs formation in dense cores.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.127-132
• /
• 2023

The rapid development and progress of information and communication technology are bringing about changes in the field of education, and innovative methods in teaching-learning have been introduced and applied a lot in the actual field starting with the pandemic. Reflecting this trend, the purpose of this study is to examine the perception of prospective elementary school teachers on the use of edutech, which is widely used in the educational field after COVID-19. To this end, I analyzed the results of 7 major ideas selected at the Edutech Utilization Competition held by K University of Education and the focus group interview conducted with 2 pre-service teachers. As a result of the analysis, it was found that prospective elementary school teachers valued the necessity and importance of edutech-based classes. In addition, they were positively aware of the educational effect of edutech-based classes. To sum up, it could be predicted that edutech classes are also linked to the policies and plans of the Ministry of Education, and will play an important role in effectively guiding future learners while achieving the goals set by the curriculum.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.25-38
• /
• 1996

As the proportion of women's participation in economic activities is rising, the increase of husband and wife both working and nuclear families makes children up-bringing a social problem. But many families have difficulties by the shortage of day nurseries which can solve it. As we can see in the research, the most urgent problem is the extension of nurseries in quantity. In Taegu, since it became a wide-area city, there are 473 nurseries. But in the respect of distribution, only less than 10% of Dongs have more than 7 nurseries and more than 90% of Dongs have less than 7 nurseries. Consequently nurseries are extremely insufficient. Moreover 29 Dongs don't have any nurseries at all and they take 18.6% of Dongs. The second problem is the unbalanced distribution of nurseries. West and north ward which are industrial complex and swarmed with low-income families, and Tal-sung county which is recently included in the wide-area city keenly need the establishment of nurseries. Besides, Bi-san 1 Dong and Non-gong which have only $1{\sim}2$ nurseries though they have high proportion of children and women who can be pregnant are also the areas which take precedence of nursery establishment. The third problem is that government support must be increased in the areas which have many small, petty and profit-making private nurseries so that good quality teachers can make breeding activities in nice facilities and environment. In materials which are obtained by the interviews with publich servants in charge of family welfare in some ward offices. Young and unexperienced persons who aquired certificate of qualification take day-nursery permits and run nurseries only a few months. and if the profits are insufficient, they sell the nurseries for premiums to third persons who are not qualified. Then the third managers only think of profits without thought of good quality childcare. As the result, the nurseries become asylums not nurseries. That is why the conditions of nursery establishment must be restricted to suitable scale and experienced persons. The fourth problem is that the nurseries in work places are extremely insufficient. The women who have jobs have many things to do before they go to work such as preparing meals and leaving children in the care of someone. Hence the childcare problem of working women must be solved. In nuclear families, childcare is the most serious problem for working women. The fifth one is the reduction of childcare expenses. Women must sacrifice themselves a lot to make social activities. To say nothing of physical and mental burden, they have to spend much of their salaries on childcare. And yet they don't take the benefit of good quality childcare. For the participation of women in public affairs, society must support the childcare problem to have then be devoted to their jobs without worries about their children. Therefore Taegu wide-area city must select west, north ward which are industrial complex and the low-income swarmed area before everything and establish many national, public and corporate nurseries which cost less expenses.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.309-333
• /
• 2014

To meet the challenge of new type of innovation activities requires us to understand the social context of innovation and the potential needs of innovation users and, based on this, to co-construct technology and society simultaneously. Effective 'demand articulation' activities such as the understanding and utilization of user experiences and socio-technical planning are prerequisites for carrying out post-catch up innovations shaping new trajectories and contributing to solving social problems. Living Lab has recently been emerging particularly in Europe as an 'user-driven innovation model', in which users are active participants in innovation activities. The purpose of this study is to contribute to a theoretical discussion of Living Lab as an user-driven innovation model, to make a brief review of cases of Living Lab and to explore Living Lab's applicability in the Korean context. Living Lab is an open innovation model, in which end suers actively participate in innovation processes in a particular geographical space or region and would be able to solve specific problems of that space or region. In that sense, Living Lab would be able to strengthen the problem-solving capabilities of local communities and to become a pioneer in inducing and realizing a new socio-technical system. Furthermore, Living Lab could become an innovative policy tool reflecting recent major changes in innovation policy paradigms such as post-catch up innovation, demand-oriented innovation, regional innovation, societal innovation, innovation eco-system and socio-technical system transition, and thus make a contribution to exploring a new way of bringing about changes in the Korean society.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.309-322
• /
• 2003

Purpose: This study was carried out to show the parental child-rearing attitudes perceived by daughters(woman college students), who were in the process of pursuit of resonable values, ethics and preparing for marriage and settling down, and another purposes were to help them to have positive attitudes toward their child-rearing in the future and set up preliminary parenting education program. Method: The subjects were 120 woman college students who were freshmen to junior in one university in Seoul. Using the self-report questionnaire, data were collected from December in 1999 to March in 2000. The contents which subjects wrote down were categorized by content analysis method. Result: 1) The age range of subjects were 19-25 years old and main rearer was mother(85.84％). 2) The perception of parent's child-rearing by subjects were revealed 555 statements and then tied together 50 themes: 'emphasizing on studying hard'(8.3％), 'doing by oneself'(5.6％), 'sternness'(5.2％), 'respect of personality'(4.5％), 'eagerness'(4.0％), 'humanity education'(4.0％), 'moderating in daily living'(4.0％), 'propriety education'(3.8％), 'sacrificing for children'(3.6％), 'expectation'(3.2％), 'concerning'(3.1％), 'parent-centered'(3.1％), 'giving a free hand'(2.9％), 'sharing with'(2.9％), 'consideration'(2.7％), 'over-protectiveness'(2.3％), 'hostile attitude' (2.2％), 'corporal punishment'(2.2％), 'expression of parental love'(2.0％), 'encouragement'(1.8％), 'family-centered' (1.8％), 'treating fairly'(1.6％), 'offering live experiences'(1.6％), 'exacting obedience'(1.62％), 'exemplary parental role' (1.6％), 'sexual discrimination'(1.6％), 'cooperation'(1.4％), 'giving favors'(1.4％), 'indifference'(1.4％), 'understanding' (1.3％), 'confidence'(1.3％), 'intimacy'(1.3％), 'pursuit of health'(1.3％), 'warm-hearted'(1.1％), 'stinginess'(1.1％),'broad-mindedness'(0.7％), 'granting'(0.7％), 'interfering'(0.7％), 'reproach'(0.7％), 'distinction of sex in household affairs'(0.7％), 'help'(0.5％), 'preparing for the future'(0.5％), 'disregarding'(0.5％), 'making environment'(0.4％), 'bringing up a child personally' (0.4％), 'comparing'(0.4％), 'religious life'(0.4％), 'good deed'(0.4％), invasion of privacy' (0.2％), 'controlling desire'(0.2％). 3) 50 themes were categorized by 18 categories once more: 'control' (13.2％), 'crazy for education'(12.3％), 'endeavoring'(8.6％), 'autonomy'(8.5％), 'home education'(7.7％), 'esteem' (6.67％), 'support'(6.67％), 'pursuit of healthy daily life'(5.6％), 'earnestness'(5.4％), 'disregarding personality'(5.4％), 'emotional bonding'(3.2％), 'imposing a burden'(3.2％). 'inhospitality'(3.1％), 'acceptance'(5％), 'discrimination'(2.3％), 'mature parenthood'(1.8％), 'strengthening family tie'(1.8％), 'psychological intimacy'(1.1％). 4) On the basis of this study, 3/5 of subjects(61.2％) perceived their parents had mature and autonomous child-rearing attitudes, and on the other hand 2/5(39.5％) of them perceived controlling, just forcing to work harder and personally disregarding attitudes. Conclusion: So we need to offer them nursing implementation such as preliminary parenting education program and parenting consulting like to strengthen positive perception and help improving in realistic, developmental child-rearing attitudes.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.434-450
• /
• 2001

This study is designed to understand the meaning and nature of raising children with cerebral palsy. It researches the experience of mothers of schoolchildren with cerebral palsy by the research method of hermeneutic phenomenology. The study was conducted from November 10, 1999 to December 20, 2000. When children with cerebral palsy usually show symptoms in the early stage of cerebral palsy, mothers do not take children to a doctor for diagnosis. And, most of mothers have a difficult time to accept the reality; they usually respond to the initial diagnosis with shock, reproach, and deny. When mothers start recognizing the reality, they consider that their children have cerebral palsy due to the their mismanagement during pregnancy, delivery, nursing, and initial treatment. They shelter their children from view and feel guilty that they cannot afford to try folk remedies for their children. As time passes, mothers face conflicts between families in diverse ways. Families put the blame on genetic effects. Mothers-in-law give their daughters-in-law a hard time, husbands shift the responsibility of raising children onto their wives, and trouble arises between families-in-law and mothers native families. When children grow up, it is physically difficult for mothers to take care their children. In addition, they suffer from all the troubles in family due to childrens handicap. Mothers try the diverse methods of bringing up children. However, they start getting tired of raising children as they experience failures and financial difficulties. Mothers feel collapsed recalling the ways of raising children. They feel anxiety, miserable, lonely, and worrying when they think how children would attend school, make friends, and live in the future. In this stage, mothers do their best to raise their children with hope. They tend to compare their children with others without handicap and spend money and time in attempting all the treatments. When mothers and children join the society at school, they find that the society does not understand disabled people, teachers show inconsiderate attitude, friends avoid them, and children hardly follow classes. Such experiences make mothers feel angry and frustrated. However, when children adapt to school, mothers see the possibility that children could accomplish schoolwork. They appreciate teachers help and others consideration. Mothers place appropriate expectations on their children and help them to prepare for the future. I would make following suggestions based on the results. 1. As a primary basic course of rehabilitation nursing intervention, solution-centered nursing intervention system should be developed. The intervention needs to be based on the understanding of mothers, who raise children with cerebral palsy, through in-depth interview. 2. Advance researches on the development of individual nursing intervention should be conducted. Individual nursing intervention needs to prevent and release actual pain focusing on mothers raising children with cerebral palsy. 3. Integrated curriculum that help children with cerebral palsy lead a normal school life with ordinary children should be developed. 4. Basic research on using of facilities and effective application of service volunteer to help children with cerebral palsy in school needs to be conducted.