• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.418-418
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• 2005

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.218-226
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• 2022

Flammulina velutipes, known as winter mushroom in the family of Physalacriaceae, is the main edible and export mushroom with the third highest production after oyster and king oyster mushroom in Korea. However, as normal consumers regard F. velutipes as a simple subsidiary material, there is a limitation to increasing mushroom demand. In order to overcome the consumption limit and increase the differentiation of new varieties, it is necessary to breed varieties with enhanced functionality in consideration of consumer preferences. Therefore, the study was performed to analyze nutrient components and several useful functional substances with 26 genetic resources of F. velutipes. Analyses of inorganic compound(Ca, K, Mg) and 15 amino acids revealed that Strain 4148 had the highest content among the 26 strains. Beta-glucan, which increases immune activity and polyphenol, which exert antioxidant effects were higher in non-white strains than in white strains with a small number of exceptions. Among the five fatty acids, linoleic acid(an omega-6 fatty acid) and α-linolenic acid(an omega-3 fatty acid), were detected in six mushroom strains. α-linolenic acid, which was not found in five major mushrooms including oyster mushrooms, was identified in F. velutipes. The results of HPLC analysis showed that 'Auram' (Strain 4232) and 'Baekseung'(Strain 4230) had the highest content of the stabilizing neurotransmitter GABA(15.38 ㎍/ml and 20.56 ㎍/ml, respectively) among non-white and white strains, respectively. Our findings provide useful information for breeding F. velutipes to obtain strains with enhanced functionality.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 1993

The study was carried out for comparison of variants and development of genetic markers using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic D사A (RAPD) analysis method. The ginseng variants used were as follows: Chungkyung-Chong, Hwangskoog-Chong, KG101 selected by the pureline selection method, and 6 kinds of Jakyung-Chong strains Uinjakyung, Jakyung-Chong 81783, Jakyung-Chong 847913, Jaky tong-Chong 79742, Jinjakyung of USSR, and Mimaki of Japan). Four of 10 RAPD primers showed the distinctive polymorphism among 9 ginseng variants and lines, and were selected for more detailed polymorphic analysis. The sequences of 4 selected primers were TGCCGAGCTG (Primer#2), AATCGGGCTG (#4), GAAACGGGTG (U7), and GTGACGTAGG (#8). All primers produced several common bands among the strains. However, when primer # 2 was applied, the electrophoregram showed the specific band at 1.8 kb region in Chungkyung-Chong, Hwangskoog- chong, and KG101, and 1 kb in the Jakyung-Chong 847913. In primer #4, 1.1 kb band was shown in Chungkyung-Chong, Hwangskoog-Chong, KG101, and Jakyung-Chong 79742. In primer # 7, 700 bp band was appeared in Jakyung-Chong 81783 and Jinjakyung of USSR In primer # 8, 800 bp band was observed only in Mimaki, comparing to another strains. When Similarity Index (SI) was calculated, Chungkyung-Chong and Hwngskoog-Chong, and Jakyung- chong 81783 and Jinjakyung of USSR showed the most close SI, 0.11 and 0.08, respectively. The data of KG101, which showed the SI of 0.13 with the group of Chungkyung-Chong and Hwangskoog-Chong, coincided with the fact that it was released from Hwangskoog-Chong by breeding process. The data of Jakyung strains indicated the significant variation among the strains. From these results, RAPD analysis method could be succesively applied to the classification and genetic analysis for breeding of Korean ginseng.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 1995

Genetic characterization of Sri Lankan silkworm bivoltine population has not been at-tempted so far, since its sporadic introduction of bivoltine strains into the island, starting from the 1950's. Genetic structure of Sri Lankan population of mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori was investigated through estimation of general (GCA) and specific combining ability(SCA) and heritability(${h^2}_B$), on the economic quantitative characters from leading 8 inbreds and their 28 F1's in a half diallel cross, in an attempt to utilize the estimates in determination of future breeding methods and to predict the breeding value over the phenotypic value. It was found that the breeding population of the bivoltine silkworm in Sri Lanka has still maintained considerable amounts of additive gene action as well as nonadditive. For some time in the future, both breeding strategies of "selection without inbreeding" and also "inbreeding followed by crossing" should therefore be effective in genetic improvement of economic characters investigated. In addition, superior combiners in general and in specific F1′s were identified for each of 6 economic characters, to be immediately utilized in selection and also in cross breeding programs in Sri Lanka.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.129-132
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• 2001

Biometabolic assessment was made in early and late embryonic stage (just before hatching) of one poly, one bi and their hybrids (DP, YPe, DP ${\times} Ype, and YPe ${\times} DP respectively ) of Bombyx mori to observe the racial differences. Protein and nucleic acid (RNA and DNA) concentrations were recorded to be significantly higher in bivoltine breed (YPe) and also in the hybrid than the polyvoltine (DP) strain in both the stages of embryonic development. The single egg weight of polyvoltine race was lower as compared to that of bivoltine and the hybrid studied. Age specific changes in all the biomolecules were evident where protein and RNA concentrations were elevated sharply in prehatched larvae while in case of DNA it was observed to be just reverse. The differences in protein, RNA and DNA composition between breeds and hybrids reflect the racial variations in biometabolic demands responsible for differential growth and development of the breeds and hybrids.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-46
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• 1988

Based on our previous results that among 4 strains of mice SHN and GR/A showed the highest mammary growth potentials in females and males, respectively. Effects of crossbreeding on normal and neoplastic mammary growth were studied in $(SHN\;{\times}\;GR/A)F_1$ virgin female mice. $F_1$ mice were higher than the parental strains in the end-bud formation and the ductal growth of mammary glands at 60 days of age and at tumorous age, respectively. While there was little difference between $F_1$ and both parental strains in the onset age of the first mammary tumors, mammary tumorigenic potential was apparently higher in the former than in the latters. This would be the first report that demonstrated directly the contribution of mammary growth potential of males to that of female offspring.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.167-173
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• 1994

This study were performed to distribution of dermatophytes isolated from pet dogs in Pusan area and pathogenicity of the isolates. During the period from March 1993. to April 1994, 201 pet dogs of house breeding were examined. The result of obtained were summarized as followes； 1. Isolation rate of dermatophytes were 4.7%(7/149) in no lesion and 23.1%(12/52) in lesion of dog's skin. 2. According to breeding conditions, isolation rate of dermatophytes were 1) 3.8% in no lesion and indoor breeding, 2) 16.7% in lesion and indoor breeding, 3) 13.5% no lesion and outdoor breeding, and 4) 37.5% in lesion and outdoor bleeding. 3. Among the 201 Pet dogs, 16 strains of M. cams(84.2%), 1 of M. gypseum(5.3%), and 2 of T. mentagrophytes (10.5%) were isolated. 4. For Pathogenicity test, one strain of each M. canis, M, gypseum, T. mentagrophytes isolated from skin lesions were inoculated to the skin of the posterior back of guinea pigs. All of dermatophytes tested were induced skin lesions. Among them, M. cams and T. mentagrophytes were more virulent than M. gypseum.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.329-338
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• 2010

Drought, salinity and flooding are three important abiotic factors limiting soybean production worldwide. Irrigation, soil reclamation, and drainage systems are not generally available or economically feasible for soybean production. Therefore, productive soybean varieties with tolerance are a cost effective means for reducing yield losses due to these factors. Genetic variability for higher tolerance to drought, salt and flooding is important. However, only a small portion of nearly 200,000 world soybean accessions have been screened to find genotypes with tolerance for use in breeding programs. Evaluation for tolerance to drought, salinity and flooding is difficult due to lack of faster, cost effective, repeatable screening methods. Soybean strains with higher tolerance to the above stresses have been identified. Crosses with lines with drought, salt and flooding tolerance through conventional breeding has made a significant contribution to improving tolerance to abiotic stress in soybean. Molecular markers associated with tolerance to drought, salt and flooding will allow faster, reliable screening for these traits. Germplasm resources, genome sequence information and various genomic tools are available for soybean. Integration of genomic tools coupled with well-designed breeding strategies and effective uses of these resources will help to develop soybean varieties with higher tolerance to drought, salt and flooding.

• Mycobiology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.314-318
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• 2016

Breeding the button mushroom requires genetic information about its strains. This study was undertaken to genetically characterize four domestically bred button mushroom strains (Saea, Saejung, Saedo, Saeyeon cultivars) and to assess the possibility of using the intergenic spacer 1 (IGS1) region of rDNA as a genetically variable region in the genetic characterization. For the experiment, 34 strains of Agaricus bisporus, two strains of A. bitorquis, and one strain of A. silvaticus, from 17 countries were used. Nucleotide sequence analysis of IGS1 rDNA in these 37 Agaricus strains confirmed that genetic variations exist, not only among the four domestic strains, but also between the four domestic strains and foreign strains. Crossing two different haploid strains of A. bisporus seems to generate genetic variation in the IGS1 region in their off-spring haploid strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the IGS1 sequence revealed all A. bisporus strains could be differentiated from A. silvaticus and A. bitorquis strains. Five genetic groups were resolved among A. bisporus strains. Saejung and Saeyeon cultivars formed a separate genetic group. Our results suggest that IGS1 could be complementarily applied in the polymorphism analysis of button mushroom.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.106-112
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• 2008

International conferences to block the spread of Avian bird flu occurred in Beijing, 2006 and others warned of the seriousness of the H5N1 strain. The meetings succeeded in generating billions of dollars from USA, EU and World Bank. Migratory birds seem to play a major role in the spread of the aggressive strain globally from Asia to Europe and Africa. Experiences of tolerance breeding of maize (Zea mays L.) for four decades against 20 biotic stresses suggest that the prime cause of the occurrence of H5N1 strain was due to the human beings' counter-efforts against nature. Excessive use of chemicals (spray and injection) in the commercial poultry farms had created high selection pressure on virus. The new strain had mutated for survival. Attempting to eliminate the virus by chemicals for 100% control is a dangerous way to control biotic stresses. This can create more aggressive strains. A solution would be to build up tolerability of the commercial animals against the virus. Improvement of poultry cage environments and respect for nature must be integrated. Potential foes must be watched.